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Culture:
Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Abenaki includes: Abnaki
Atikamekw includes: Têtes-de-Boules, Têtes de Boules, Tete de Boule
Language:English | Abenaki, Western | French | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:1914-1930
Contributor:Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Day, Gordon M. | Laurent, Bernedette | Masta, Henry Lorne | Nolet, Beatrice | Obomsawin, Louis Napoleon | Panadis, Theophile | Reynolds, Beatrice | Ritzenthaler, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1911-1980 | Watso, William
Subject:Dance | Architecture | Ethnography | Clothing and dress | Hunting | Psychology | Agriculture | Animals | Personal names | Kinship | Music | Botany | Material culture | Folklore | Medicine | Religion | Genealogy | Economics | Linguistics | Québec (Province)--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Field notes | Photographs | Maps | Notes | Rorschach tests | Vocabularies | Drawings | Bibliographies | Biographies | Stories
Extent:1 linear foot
Description: The Abenaki materials in the Hallowell Papers are mostly located in Series V, Research Files, in folders labled "Abenaki" and Series VI, Photographs, Subseries E "St. Francis Abenaki Album." These include linguistic, ethnographic, ethnobotanical, ceremonial knowledge, information on political organization, and historical materials. Of particular interest are a sketch of Abenaki history from 1600-1930 accompanied by detailed notes from secondary sources on 17th century Abenaki history. The linguistic materials include an analysis of how the language changed after contact with Catholic missionaries, Abenaki vocabulary related to body parts, Abenaki phonetics, and religious, medical, and kinship terminology. The ethnobotanical materials include a manuscript labled "Identity of animals and plants," and information concerning herbal medicine and its practitioners. There is a wealth of ethnographic materials that include drawings of pipes, descriptions of games, basketry and birch bark mats. There are descriptions of Abenaki music and diagrams of dances, as well as detailed descriptions of hunting techniques. Some of the genealogical materials contain lists of community members names and descriptions of marriage. Interspersed throughout the folders labled "Abenaki" in the Research Files are interlinear translations of stories such as "Man who could Find Lost Objects," "Woman and Bear Lover" and numerous other stories. The materials on hunting include topics such as the use of snow shoes, preparation of moose hide, and techniques and drawings of trapping. The collections contain important information designation hunting territories and family names. Four folders contain detailed informaiton on kinship terms. Two folders on Measurements and Genealogical data contain lists of names. The folders labled "Linguistics" in Series V contain scattered information about Abenaki grammar. In Series VI, of 160 photographs taken at St. Francis, Odanak in the Centre-du-Québec region. The Abenaki people in the photographs are identified, in most cases, and also include depictions of traditional dress, buildings, clothing, baskets, and a wide variety of material culture. The correspondence, in Series I, includes letters from Théophile Panadis; Gordon Day describing his collection of stories, recordings, vocabularies, and hunting territories. Henry Lorne Masta, one of Hallowell's Abenaki consultants, writes about culture and language. Additional correspondents may contain other Abenaki-related information.
Collection:Alfred Irving Hallowell Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.26)
Culture:
Language:English | Abenaki, Western | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:1914-1947 and undated
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Day, Gordon M. | Adney, Edwin Tappan | Dickson, Frederick Stoever, 1850-1925
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Folklore | Rites and ceremonies | Religion | Population | Quebec--History | Maine--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Photographs | Poems | Stories
Extent:5 items
Description: Materials relating to Abenaki language and culture. Includes notes on a St. Francis Abenaki [Western Abenaki] conjuring lodge; miscellaneous notes about the St. Francis Abenaki including two cards of reading notes, a typed copy of an Indian poem in English from John Reade (1887), a letter from Frederick S. Dickson regarding Abenaki vocabulary, a letter from Edwin Tappan Adney concerning place names and Maine Indian shamans, and a photomechanical print of Montagnais [aka Innu] in camp; Wawenock [or Wawanoc, Eastern Abenaki] texts taken from Neptune, with interlinear translations [See also Speck (1928b).]; miscellaneous Wawenock notes on vocabulary, folklore, and population, along with a letter from J. P. Ranger about canoes, and three letters from W. C. Kendall, owner of Camp Wawenock, Lake Sebago, Maine, with information about Wawenock and his memories of Wawenock and Penobscot Indians of Maine; and a letter from Gordon M. Day seeking a bibliography and Speck's help in learning Abenaki.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Wampanoag includes: Wôpanâak
Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Passamaquoddy includes: Peskotomuhkati
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Mashpee includes: Mattachiest, Cummaquid
Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac
Muscogee includes: Muskogee, Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek
Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Atikamekw includes: Têtes-de-Boules, Têtes de Boules, Tete de Boule
Language:English | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:1920-1940
Contributor:Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974
Subject:History | Folklore | Material culture | Basketry | Textiles | Marriage customs and rites | Kinship | Clothing and dress | Population | Hunting | Architecture | Hunting | Ethnography | Animals | Linguistics | Rites and ceremonies | Genealogy | Religion
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Vocabularies | Grammars | Notes | Bibliographies | Sketches | Charts | Reading notes | Stories | Vocabularies | Maps | Musical scores
Description: The materials from Algonquian speaking cultures is quite extensive, though scattered, in the A. Irving Hallowell Papers. One of the strengths is Hallowell's very fine black and white portraits of indigenous peoples located in Series VI, Subseries F, which includes images of Mashpee, Mohegan, Montagnais, Naskapi, Womponowag, Nipissing, Atikamekw, Series V contains some generalized materials such "Algoquian Cross Cousin Marriage," Speck's studies of northern Algoquian hunting territories, and Algonquin mythology and history. The folders entitled "Eastern Woodlands" in box 26 contain more culturally specific materials such as a Penobscot vocabulary list, Innu and Naswkapi material culture, and Delaware religions and ceremonies, although many of these are quite brief. The correspondence, in Series I, includes a letter from John Swanton discussing bear ceremonialism in Muscogee culture. George Herzog's correspondence includes Penobscot and Maliseet scores of war dance songs. There is also a letter from Jeffrey Zelitch, dated 1969, describing traditional ceremonies on the Lakota Rosebud reservation just before the American Indian Movement begins. George Spindler's lettter to describes a Medicine Lodge ceremony among the Menomini.
Collection:Alfred Irving Hallowell Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.26)
Culture:
Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox
Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw
Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Blackfoot includes: Niitsítapi, Blackfeet
Language:English | Shawnee | Delaware | Potawatomi | Meskwaki | Menominee | Cree, Plains | Ojibwe | Blackfoot | Cheyenne | Kutenai | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:circa 1930s-1960s
Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Bloomfield, Leonard, 1887-1949 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Hockett, Charles Francis | Hamp, Eric P. | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Algonquian languages | New England--History | Orthography and spelling
Type:Still Image | Text
Extent:25 folders, 1 box
Description: There are many materials relating to Algonquian languages in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. This entry is intended as a catch-all for materials labeled as Algonquian or Macro-Algonquian, or having to do with several Algonquian languages in a general way. Researchers should also view the entries for specific Algonquian languages and culture groups. Algonquian materials are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II. In Subcollection I, there is relevant correspondence with Leonard Bloomfield (regarding an inscription on a silver bracelet; Bloomfield's "Menomini Grammar"), Charles Hockett (with questions about Voegelin's article on Delaware and examples from other Algonquian languages), and Morris Swadesh (including a brief Stockbridge vocabulary and a slip of Moravian Delaware) in Series I. Correspondence; 1 box of comparative Algonquian vocabulary and grammar in Series II. and several linguistic maps (i.e., "Algonquian language text with illustrations" and "Linguistic classification of the Southern New England Algonquians"), particularly of the Potawatomi, Delaware, and Shawnee, to accompany the texts of Voegelin's work on Algonquian languages, in Series VII. Photographs. In Subcollection II, there is relevant correspondence from Eric Hamp (to Ives Goddard regarding preparation of Arapaho and Algonquian works) and Frank Speck (to Edward Sapir regarding his work on Mi'kmaq and other northern Algonquian languages and societies) in Series I. Correspondence. There is also an entire subseries devoted to Macro-Algonquian: Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian of Series II. Research Notes. This subseries contains a grammatical sketch of Algonquian by Leonard Bloomfield (135 pages of typescript with handwritten edits and 7 interleaved pages of notes by Voegelin); another "Sketch of Algonquian" by Bloomfield consisting of a notebook (approx. 45 pages) and handwritten notes (approx. 80 pages); 5 folders of notebooks focusing on beginning sounds ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," and "Θ and ?"), drawing from Pacific Coast Algonquian ("PCA"), Fox [Meskwaki], Plains Cree, Menominee, and Ojibwe; 3 folders of other comparative Algonquian notebooks organized by general nouns, body parts, kinship terms, numerals, and verbs; miscellaneous Algonquian notes; and specimens of Central Algonquian, including short texts in Fox [Meskwaki], Ojibwe, Menominee, and Plains Cree, with English translations. The rest of the material in the Macro-Algonquian folder is organized according to specific languages: Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Fox (Meskwaki), Kutenai [Ktunaxa culture], Ojibwe, Penobscot, and Shawnee. Finally, there is an article titled "Some Observations on Algonquian Phonology" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries I: General works; an incomplete typed draft of Bloomfield's "Sketch of Algonquian" in Series IV. Works by Others; and a "Linguistic map of Southern New England" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries V: American Indian Languages.
Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)
Culture:
Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot
Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe
Séliš includes: Salish, Flathead
Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Omaha includes: Umoⁿhoⁿ
Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka
Otoe includes: Oto, Jiwére
Odawa includes: Ottawa
Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks
Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi
Quapaw includes: Arkansas, Ugahxpa
Mandan includes: Nueta
Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw
Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox
Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Kaw includes: Kansa, Kanza
Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa
Laguna includes: Kʾáwáigamʾé, Keres, Kawaika
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Ho-Chunk includes: Winnebago, Hoocąk
Iñupiat includes: Инупиаты, Iñupiaq
Iowa includes: Ioway, Báxoje, Bah-Kho-Je
Isleta includes: Tiwa
Comanche includes: Nʉmʉnʉʉ
Crow includes: Apsáalooke, Absaroka
Catawba includes: Iswa
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Choctaw includes: Chahta
Aaniiih includes: A'aninin, Atsina, Gros Ventre
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Apache includes: Inde
Apache, Western includes: Apache, San Carlos
Arapaho includes: Arapahoe
Arikara includes: Sahnish, Arikaree, Hundi
Assiniboine includes: Assiniboin, Nakoda, Hohe, Nakota
Blackfoot includes: Niitsítapi, Blackfeet
Language:English
Date:1939-1943
Contributor:Haskell Institute | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Giger, Leona E. | Rolland, Ann | Laulin, Reginald | Laulin, Gladys
Subject:Boarding schools | Cultural assimilation | Education | Hampton Institute | Haskell Institute
Type:Text | Still Image
Genre:Rosters | Correspondence | Photographs | Lantern slides
Extent:0.25 linear feet
Description: There are a few items in the Frank G. Speck Papers currently identified as relating to Indian boarding schools. In the collection guide, under Subcollection 1, Series 1, in Section XIII, "Miscellaneous," see item XIII(22H), "Haskell Institute Roster." This document lists Native students at the Haskell Institute boarding school in 1939-1940, giving name, age, address, and tribe. (The tribes of the students included are listed above at the top of this entry.) In Section IV, "Southeast," see item IV(15H3), "Yuchi miscellaneous notes," which contains a letter from Ann Rolland (Haskell Institute), to Speck, April 6, 1941, as well as items under "C. Houma (Louisiana)" that relate to mission schools. In Subcollection I, Series II, Biographical Material, see letters (listed alphabetically by author) from Leona E. Giger and Ann Rolland, both students at Haskell in the early 1940s. Also see letter from "Redge" and Gladys Laulin regarding Chippewa boy returning home for dances. In Series III, Photographs, there is an undated photograph [#10-14(a)] from the Shingwauk Indian Residential School. See also school-related photos in folders "Creek #3," "Eskimo [Inuit] (Labrador) #4," "Houma #1," #2, #7, and #8, "Pamunkey #6," and "Penobscot: People #2." In Series IV, Lantern Slides, there are slides of Native and Black students at the Hampton Institute. More boarding school-related material may be identified in the collection with further research.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Language:Mi'kmaq | Maliseet-Passamaquoddy | Miami-Illinois | Abenaki, Eastern | Ojibwe
Date:1856-1857; 1913-1915; 1938-1955; 1974-1985
Contributor:Fidelholtz, James L., (James Lawrence), 1941- | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Hewson, John, 1930- | Metallic, Alphonse | DeBlois, Albert D.. | Pacifique, père, 1863-1943 | Alger, Abby Langdon | Rand, Silas Tertius, 1810-1889 | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Vetromile, Eugene, 1819-1881 | Denny, J. Peter | Morrison, Alvin Hamblen | Perro, Peter | Perro, Sophie | Proulx, Paul
Subject:Linguistics | Folklore | Ethnography | Religion | Dance
Type:Still Image | Text | Sound recording
Genre:Grammars | Vocabularies | Interviews | Photographs | Essays | Stories | Songs
Description: The Mi'kmaq materials in the Siebert Papers contains a wide range of materials located in Series I, III, V, VII, and XII. The items include historical wars from the early 17th century to linguistic studies to recordings of Mi'kmaq songs and dances.
Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)
Culture:
Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet
Zuni includes: A:shiwi
Tutelo includes: Yesan
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Passamaquoddy includes: Peskotomuhkati
Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Abenaki includes: Abnaki
Language:English | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:1908-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Gordon, G. B. (George Byron), 1870-1927 | Day, Gordon M. | Gandy, Ethel | Eckstorm, Fannie Hardy, 1865-1946 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Wilder, Harris Hawthorne, 1864-1928 | Nassau, Robert Hamill, 1835-1921 | Osgood, Cornelius, 1905-1985 | Ranco, Dorothy | Princess Pretty Woman | Nelson, Roland E.
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Social life and customs | Politics and government | Hunting | Religion | Linguistics | Art | Place names | Kinship | Material culture | Museums | Specimens | New England--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Notes | Correspondence | Essays | Drafts | Stories | Transcriptions
Extent:27 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Penobscot language, history, and culture, and his preparation of his book Penobscot Man. This includes several folders of Speck's field notes, notes organized around specific topics (including data not used in Speck's published works), copies and drafts of lectures and essays, correspondence, etc. Topics include Penobscot social organization, calendar system, house furnishings, hunting morality, animal lore, religion, art, sayings, alphabet, counting and measuring, canoe-making, face-painting, texts with interlineal translations, and "Bird Lore of the Northern Indians" (a faculty public lecture at the University of Pennsylvania). Additionally, significant correspondence concerns the preparation, expenses, dissemination, and reception of his Penobscot publications. Other topics of correspondence include Ethel Gandy's monograph on Penobscot art; names of chiefs and their clans; "clown" performances outside of the southwest among the Penobscot, Iroquois [Haudenosaunee], Abenaki, and Delaware; place names; the relationship of Penobscot-Mohegan and Mahican; a comparison of Zuni-Navajo and Red Paint; Tutelo. There is a particularly large folder of Speck's miscellaneous Penobscot notes containing both a variety of notes and correspondence from Penobscot consultants as well as non-Native colleagues. These include letters from Roland E. Nelson (Needahbeh, Penobscot) concerning drum for exhibit; letters from Nelson, Franz Boas, John M. Cooper, William B. Goodwin, E. V. McCollum, and J. Dyneley Prince, all concerning Penobscot Man; Clifford P. Wilson concerning moosehair embroidery; Edward Reman concerning Norse influence on Penobscot; Carrie A. Lyford concerning moose-wool controversy and Ann Stimson's report; Ann Stimson, letter of thanks; Henry Noyes Otis concerning genealogy of Indians named Sias on Cape Cod (Speck marked this Penobscot); Princess Pretty Woman (Passamaquoddy) concerning her dress (apparently at the Penn Museum); Dorothy Ranco (Penobscot) concerning Princess Pretty Woman's dress; Roland W. Mann, concerning site of Indian occupancy according to Penobscot tradition; Ryuzo Torii, letter of introduction. Other miscellaneous items include a 5-page transcript of agreements between Indians of Nova Scotia and the English, August 15, 1749; 2 pages, transcript of agreement of July 13, 1727 (letter of transmittal, Lloyd Price to Miss MacDonald, September 24, 1936); Ann K. Stimson, Moose Wool and Climbing Powers of the American Mink; miscellaneous field notes on topics like songs, kinship, totem, medicine, and social units; and 4 pages of Penobscot words and their cultural use.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Language:English | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:1669; 1678; 1725-1796; 1809-1884; 1900-1995
Contributor:Alger, Abby Langdon | Aubéry, Joseph, 1673-1755 | Aubin, George F. | Dana, Carol | Dana, Susie | Day, Gordon M. | Goddard, Ives, 1941- | Laurent, Joseph | Lolar, Louis | Neptune, Arthur | Rasles, Sebastien, 1657-1724 | Seeber, Pauleena MacDougall | Snow, Dean R., 1940- | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986
Subject:Linguistics | Treaties | Warfare | Education | Archaeology | Population | Genealogy | Politics and government | Religion | Hunting | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783 | Maine--History | Music | Calendars | Land claims | Court cases | Material culture | Basketry | Architecture | Place names | United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 | Social life and customs | Marriage customs and rites | Divination | Pictographs | Hunting | Trade | Funeral rites and ceremonies | Animals | Folklore | Kinship | Proto-Algonquian languages
Type:Sound recording | Still Image | Text
Genre:Bibliographies | Photographs | Songs | Stories | Censuses | Charts | Newspaper clippings | Legal documents | Maps | Records | Correspondence | Transcriptions | Translations | Dictionaries | Vocabularies | Grammars | Dialogues | Lessons | Sketches
Extent:12 linear feet; 3 hrs. (audio); 5 photographs
Description: The Penobscot materials in the Frank Siebert Papers are concentrated in Series III. Siebert collected census material, treaties and treaty minutes, placenames, with a strong representation of songs, stories, and linguistic materials. There are detailed notes about Indian claims in Maine and genealogical information. There are also educational materials for the teaching of the Penobscot language as well as a wealth of information on Penobscot linguistics. Series V, Siebert's notebooks, have extensive grammatical, phonetic, and vocabulary of the Penobscot language. Both Series III and V reflect Siebert's deep interest in the history of Maine and the Eastern Abenaki including archaeological, pre-history, and colonial era documents such as the Eliot Bible, which Siebert owned a rare copy in his library, which was sold at auction. Series VI and VII contain various drafts of essays on Penobscot culture, language, and history. Series XI contains 5 related photos of Louis Lolar, taken in 1933. Series XII contains approximately 3 hours of Penobscot language recordings, primarily from the 1930s and 1950s.
Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)
Language:English
Date:1940
Contributor:Neitzel, Robert S. | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Archaeology | Hunting | Social life and customs | Dance | Linguistics | Specimens | Tanning | Rites and ceremonies | Material culture | Louisiana--History
Type:Text | Still Image
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Reports | Field notes | Sketches
Extent:4 folders, 50 photos
Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Tunica language, history, and culture. Letters and notes from Robert Stuart Neitzel comprise the bulk of this assemblage, and include a two-page report about Tunica tanning of deer hides, together with a one-page letter of transmission and a two-page drawing; 28 pages on Tunica dances, including the green corn ceremony, along with letters about concerning field work among the Tunica and Caddo archaeology with a sketch of the digging; and 16 pages of miscellaneous notes, sketches, and correspondence on topics such as archaeology at Marksville, Louisiana (with sketches), Tunica museum specimens, phonetic transcriptions of dance names, a sketch of a Tunica scraper and hide drying frame, traps (with a sketch), Tunica tools, etc. There is also a letter to Speck from Frank Siebert concerning the linguistic field work of Mary Haas and publication of Speck's Penobscot texts. Lastly, there are about 50 photos sent to Speck by Robert Stuart Neitzel.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Language:English
Date:1920-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Carse, Mary, 1919- | Solenberger, R. R. (Robert R.) | Gilliam, Charles Edgar | Hassrick, Royal B. | Carpenter, Edmund, 1922-2011 | Stern, Theodore, 1917- | Müller, Werner, 1907-1990 | Kremens, Jack | Mook, Maurice A. (Maurice Allison), 1904-1973
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Social life and customs | Virginia--History | Hunting | Religion | Warfare | Politics and government | Agriculture | Medicine | Folklore | Kinship | Clans | Virginia--History | Botany | Zoology | World War, 1939-1945
Type:Text | Three-dimensional object | Still Image
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Field notes | Notebooks | Newspaper clippings | Essays | Specimens | Photographs
Extent:40 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in the various Virginia- or Chesapeake-area peoples sometimes collectively lumped as Powhatans, including the Chickahominy, Mattaponi, Nansemond, Pamunkey, and Rappahannock peoples, from the early contact period into the mid-twentieth century. The Cherokees, Seminoles, Tuscaroras, and Penobscots are also mentioned. Correspondence includes Speck's correspondence with Chickahominy consultants like Chief George L. Nelson, Mrs. S. P. Nelson, Chief James H. Nelson, and E. P. Bradby; Pamunkey consultants like Paul L. Miles and Chief O. W. Adkins; Charles Edgar Gilliam, a Petersburg, Virginia, attorney and amateur historian, etymologist, and ethnologist; and a letter from Werner Müller in Berlin to the University of Pennsylvania inquiring whether Speck's book on the Nansamond and Chickahominy Indians was published and mentioniong Speck's publications on the Rappahannock and Powhatan. Other materials, largely arranged by topic, were compiled by Speck as well as by some his students, particularly those who participated in a field research group between 1939 and 1942, such as Mary Rowell Carse, Edmund Carpenter, Royal Hassrick, John "Jack" Kremens, Maurice A. Mook, Robert Solenberger, and Theodore Stern. Of particular interest might be a folder of 1941-1946 correspondence (42 letters) and copies of various documents relating to the efforts of Speck, James R. Coates, and others to overcome the practice of Virginia draft boards to classify indigenous peoples as "Negroes" for Selective Service. Other materials include a folder on Chickahominy efforts to gain recognition, including chartering the tribe as an incorporation; two of Speck's field notebooks on the Pamunkey, Mattaponi, Rappahannock, Cherokee, and Chickahominy; Speck's reading notes on topics like gourds and the bow and arrow in early contact days; a description of "Pamunkey Town" in 1759, based on Andrew Burnaby, Travels (1760); a 1940 newspaper article titled "Virginia Indians Past and Present"; notes on Virginia Indian populations in 1668, based on figures obtained from a regulation requiring certain numbers of wolves be killed by various Indian groups; Charles Edgar Gilliam's "Historical sketch of Appomatoc Indians, 1607-1723"; and Gilliam on Powhatan Algonquian birds, etc., in colonial times. Other folders are devoted to topics such as Pamunkey hunting and fishing, Pamunkey games and amusements, Pamunkey celestial and meteorological phenomena, Pamunkey contemporary technology, Pamunkey emergency foods, Pamunkey fish, amphibians, shellfish, and reptiles, Pamunkey reptiles, Pamunkey animals, Pamunkey birds, Pamunkey mensuration, Pamunkey miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Pamunkey social organization, Pamunkey pottery, Pamunkey plants and agriculture, Pamunkey foods, Pamunkey medicines and poisons, Pamunkey folklore and language, Rappahannock field notes, Rappahannock contemporary technology, Rappahanock taking devices, Rappahannock miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Mattaponi miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Chickahominy miscellaneous notes and correspondence, field notes on Western Chickahominy, Nansemond miscellaneous notes and correspondence, and miscellaneous notes and correspondence on Virgina Indians.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)