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Culture:
Date:1914-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Milling, Chapman J. (Chapman James), 1901-1981 | Rights, Douglas L. (Douglas LeTell), 1891-1956 | Speck, Florence I. | Weitluner, R. J. | Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958 | Fewkes, Jesse Walter, 1850-1930 | Cadwalader, John | Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Newsome, Albert Ray, 1894-1951 | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Broom, Leonard | Schaeffer, Claude E. | Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Red Thunder Cloud, 1919- | Blue, Samuel Taylor, 1872-1959 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Keiser, Albert | Blue, Leola | West Long, Will, 1870-1947 | Climbing Bear | Harris, Mrs. Nettle O. | Harris, Mrs. R. L.
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | South Carolina--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes | Bibliographies | Notebooks | Charts | Vocabularies | Stories
Extent:21 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Catawba history, language, and culture. This includes Speck's correspondence with indigenous consultants such as Red Thunder Cloud, Chief Sam Blue, and Leola Blue (Catawba) and Will West Long and Climbing Bear (Cherokee); correspondence with other anthropologists and linguists, such as John Reed Swanton, William N. Fenton, Erminie Wheeler-Voegelin, C.F. Voegelin, Morris Swadesh, A. I. Hallowell, Mary Haas, and others; genealogies of twentieth-century Catawba consultants; a Catawba bibliography; notes on topics including Catawba division of time, travel and expedition, food resources, racial status in the South, and notes, possibly for a lecture, titled "The Catawba-A Small Nation Deflated"; a University of Pennsylvania student's essay on Catawba tribal correspondence with J. Walter Fewkes about Speck's Catawba field trips; field notebooks devoted to ethnologic notes, vocabulary, texts, songs, and other linguistic and cultural data; and collections of notes devoted to Catawba language and texts, general ethnological notes, and miscellaneous notes. Some of the notes and notebooks and much of the correspondence mentions other indigenous groups as well.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Mandan includes: Nueta
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1816-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Social life and customs | Missions | Government relations | Religion | Place names | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:0.5 linear feet, circa 115 items
Description: Letters from Moravian missionary, historian, and linguist John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder, mostly to Peter Stephen du Ponceau with one to Caspar Wistar. Some of the replies from Du Ponceau are copied in the letter books of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder most frequently wrote of the publications he was working on or revising, particularly his Account of the Indian nations (1819), Narrative (1820), Heckewelder (1821), a Mohican (Mohegan) vocabulary, remarks on a Swedish-Delaware vocabulary, etc., some of which were to be published or republished by the American Philosophical Society. Many letters thus revolve around the research, writing, and publishing processes, including Heckewelder's responses to du Ponceau's edits and suggestions; his own edits, additions, lists of errors, etc.; his concern that errors by the typesetter could bring criticism on linguistic portions; new information and discoveries, such as the finding of a Maqua (Haudenosaunee) manuscript in the Moravian Archives; negative reviews and criticisms of his work, like an objectionable review in the North American Review (1819), a review in the Westchester Village Record disputing the role of Delaware as women, and William Darby's disagreement about Heckewelder's account of the killing of Native people by Williamson and his men; more positive responses to his work, like an honorary membership in the Massachusetts Peace Society for his Account (1819); translation of his work into German and other languages; and his insistence that the American Philosophical Society imprimatur appear on the title page, because as a Moravian he could not publish anything on his own relating to the Society of the United Brethren. Heckewelder repeatedly touched on Native languages and matters of linguistics: among other things, he referred to the Native vocabularies he himself had collected; a Swedish-Delaware catechism and dispute over "r" or "l" sound; difficulties in hearing Indian languages properly; difficulties in writing Native American languages; comparisons between his own findings and linguistic materials and scholarship published by others (of whom he was often critical); several examples of Delaware or Lenape words, roots, paradigms, gender, usage, etc.; and comparions of Delaware to other Native languages like Ojibwe, Shawnee, Natick, and Narragansett. Heckewelder's letters reveal him to be well-read and immersed in a network of similarly-minded scholars trading information and forwarding books and articles. Specific works by others mentioned include the Steiner article in Columbian Magazine (September 1789); a Pickering-Du Ponceau Dencke's version of St. John's Epistles in Delaware; Zeisberger's Bible translation and Life of Christ; Poulson's paper relating Welsh to Powhatan (which Heckewelder deems incorrect on the basis that Powhatan was Delaware); Pickering's essay on a uniform Orthography and spelling; Eliot's Bible translation; a paper by Zeisberger on Delaware being made men again (#865) and Zeisberger's replies (#341) to 23 queries of Barton (#1636); Loskiel's history (Heckewelder notes general verification in Loskiel for specific incidents and believes that the absence of certain incidents in Loskiel's history is the result of missionary discretion); works by Barton (he criticizes Barton for seeking speedy answers to questions of Indian origins, and for thinking Delaware and Iroquois related); and various publications of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder also wrote about "Indian affairs" such as the Jefferson-Cresap dispute (over Logan speech and affair); Benton's resolution concerning the Christian Indians and Moravian land; the speech of a Delaware at Detroit, 1781; and Heckewelder's role in the Washington City Society for Civilizing the Indians. Ethnographic topics include Native American names, place names, childbirth, swimming, friendship, treatment of captives, derivation of "papoose," names of trees and rivers, and various anecdotes. Other individuals mentioned include Rev. Schulz, Butrick, Colonel Arent Schyler De Peyster, Captain Pipe, Vater, Hesse, Gambold, John Vaughan, Charles Thomson, Thomas Jefferson, Deborah Norris Logan, Mitchill, Daniel Drake, Abraham Steiner, Noah Webster du Ponceau's brother, etc. Heckewelder's letter to Wistar regarding the Naked Bear traditions was printed (except last paragraph) in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1: 363.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (Mss.497.3.H35o)
Culture:
Date:1820-1821
Contributor:Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844
Subject:Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:5 items
Description: Correspondence of Peter S. du Ponceau regarding the Nottoway language. Includes three letters to Thomas Jefferson regarding Nottoway as Iroquoian language, numbers, Onondaga and Mohawk, Nottoway-Naudowesie-Huron, Heckewelder's letter on Powhatan being Delaware (#1153), Carver's Naudowessit, Wilson's Nottoway vocabulary, Pickering's essay on orthography, and his search for Mattapony and Pamunkey Vocabularies; letter to Friedrich von Adelung, thanking him for publications and forwarding membership certificate and books on Indian languages, including Nottoway vocabulary manuscript; letter to John G. E. Heckewelder concerning Indians and their languages, especially Naudowessie, Sioux, Huron, Nottoway [Reply to July 15 letter (#1713)].
Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)
Culture:
Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
San Felipe includes: Katishtya, Keres
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Otomi includes: Hñahñu, Ñuhu, Ñhato, Ñuhmu
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Ho-Chunk includes: Winnebago, Hoocąk
Dakota includes: Dakȟóta
Language:English
Date:1801-1843
Subject:Linguistics | Philology
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence
Extent:33 items
Description: Correspondence, largely from Peter S. du Ponceau to Albert Gallatin, regarding legal and political matters, Indian languages and linguistics, philological matters, and the American Philosophical Society. Specific topics include exchanges of publications and manuscripts between the two men; the creation of a map of Indian languages; the government's collecting of Indian vocabularies and du Ponceau's refusal to supply Historical and Literary Committee material to the government, believing that the committee rather than the government should undertake the collection and publication of Indian materials; methods of seeking data on languages, and the difficulties of sentence for testing problems of comparative Vocabularies;s both already published and in progess, such as Eliot's Grammar, Barton (1797), Pickering (1820), Hodgson on the Berber, Najera (1837), Zeisberger (1830), Gallatin (1836), Prichard (1813), several of du Ponceau's works, etc.; du Ponceau's acceptance of copies of Gallatin's Synopsis, with a jab at its Worcester (rather than APS) the fate of the manuscript for du Ponceau's prize essay: the printer bankrupt, difficulties in getting manuscript returned, and du Ponceau has no full copy; of du Ponceau's study of Chinese;s and the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee; du Ponceau's acceptance of vocabularies on behalf of the the state of European linguistics; Pickering's alphabet for Indian languages; Carib women's vs. men's the opposition founding of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, and du Ponceau's efforts to make peace by submitting his translation of Vater's Enquiry for them to publish; illnesses and deaths in du Ponceau's family; and du Ponceau's age, health, and failing eyesight. Other individuals mentioned include Franklin, Rush, Rittenhouse, Jefferson, Cass, Schoolcraft, Long, Ebeling, Adelung, Klaproth, Balbi, Humboldt, Volney, and Heckewelder. Originals at the New York Historical Society.
Collection:Peter Stephen Du Ponceau letters, 1801-1843, to Albert Gallatin (Mss.Film.541)
Culture:
Date:1978
Contributor:Kinkade, M. Dale (Marvin Dale), 1933-2004 | Kendall, Daythal
Subject:Linguistics | Virginia--History | North Carolina--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:1 folder
Description: Correspondence with Dale Kinkade in 1978 concerns the classification of the Pamunkey dialect of Powhatan (Series 1).
Collection:Daythal L. Kendall Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.148)
Culture:
Date:1907-1947
Contributor:Michelson, Truman, 1879-1938 | Mooney, James, 1861-1921 | Gilliam, Charles Edgar | Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958
Subject:Linguistics | Animals--Nomenclature | Ethnography
Type:Text
Genre:Essays
Description: The Powhatan materials in the Siebert Papers consist solely of secondary sources in Series IV and VII. With the exception of an ethnohistory article by James Mooney, the materials are related to Powhatan linguistics.
Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)
Culture:
Language:Powhatan | Carolina Algonquian | English
Date:undated
Contributor:Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Strachey, William
Subject:Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Vocabularies
Extent:0.2 linear feet
Description: Mary Haas' Powhatan file consists only of William Strachey's ca.500-word lexicon, arranged in a lexical slip file, and comparisons to Carolina Algonquian. Both can be found in Series 9.
Collection:Mary R. Haas Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.94)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:February 8, 1857
Subject:Geography | Place names | Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:1 Letter
Description: Concerning Powhatan place names. Refuses aid for Henry to visit Canada to study languages of Indians. Refers to Heckewelder.
Collection:Matthew Schropp Henry Correspondence on Indian Names (Mss.497.3.H39)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1991-1992
Contributor:Gleach, Frederic W.
Subject:Missions | Politics and government | Trade | Virginia--History | Warfare
Type:Text
Genre:Dissertations
Extent:335 pages
Description: The Powhatan materials in the Phillips Fund collection consist of 1 item, listed under "Gleach, Frederick": "English And Powhatan Approaches To Civilizing Each Other: A History Of Indian-White Relations In Early Colonial Virginia," a PhD thesis submitted to the University of Chicago (229 p.); report (2 p.); xeroxes of notes on archival materials from various libraries including the Newberry Library, the American Philosophical Society, and the National Anthropological Archives (104 p., xeroxed two to a page). Archival materials were gathered for the dissertation. The dissertation concerns various aspects of colonial relations between English colonizers and Powhatans (including war and trade), as well as Powhatan and Algonquian politics, cosmologies, and missionaries.
Collection:Phillips Fund for Native American Research Collection (Mss.497.3.Am4)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:April 29, 1688
Contributor:Unknown
Subject:Birds | Zoology | Wampum | Material culture | Social life and customs
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence
Extent:1 page
Description: Letter from S. P., perhaps to Robert Boyle of the Royal Society for Improving Natural Knowledge. Sends dead hummingbird and a sample of Indian wampum which Indians measure by cubits, varying with each person. Original at the Royal Society of London.
Collection:Royal Society (Great Britain) miscellaneous correspondence and documents (Mss.Film.460)