Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: This volume contains extracts of Benjamin Smith Barton's "New Views of the Origin of the Tribes and Nations of America" (Philadelphia, 1797), with additions by Peter S. Du Ponceau. The bulk of the volume is comprised of word list of 54 words with equivalents listed in a range of 50-70 languages. While Barton listed no authority, Du Ponceau cited sources. Languages with words listed include Chitimacha, Atakapa, Cherokee, Osage, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Nottoway, Kansa, Omaha, Dakota, Pawnee, Nanticoke, Gros Ventres, Miami, Mi'kmaq, Seminole, Quapaw, Yuchi, Delaware, Ojibwe, Shawnee, Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Oneida, Tuscarora, Natches, Wyandot, Creek, Mahican, Mohegan, and many others. The word list includes the terms for God, heaven, and sky, as well as various terms relating to kinship, parts of the body, weather, and more. The volume also includes notes on sounds of the Otomi (Othomi) observations on declension; observations about the Omaha, Kansa, Oto, Arkansas, and Missouri languages; and notes on symbol and sound. Also includes a newspaper clipping of a review (in German) of Barton's "New Views" that appeared in "Göttingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen," June 17, 1799.

Collection:A comparative vocabulary of Indian languages (Mss.497.B28)

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Benjamin Rush commonplace book, 1792-1813

Culture:

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Language:English

Date:1792-1813

Contributor:Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813

Subject:Medicine | Little Turtle, 1747?-1812 | Physical anthropology

Type:Text

Genre:Journals

Extent:373 p.

Description: This item primarily contains entries about prominent people (primarily accounts of their deaths) and matters pertaining to life in Philadelphia. Some Indigenous-related content includes questions for Meriwether Lewis on Indigenous physical history, medicine, morals, and religion; a meeting with Captain Wells and the Myaamia leader, Little Turtle; plus some speculations on Indigenous skin color at the equator.

Collection:Benjamin Rush commonplace book, 1792-1813 (Mss.B.R89c)

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Comparative vocabularies of several Indian languages

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Unkechaug includes: Unquachog

Shawnee

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Nanticoke

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Chitimacha

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Cherokee

Chickasaw

Choctaw includes: Chahta

Creek

Algonquin

Atakapa includes: Atacapa

Date:n.d., 1792-1808?; 1802-1808

Contributor:Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Vocabularies

Extent:1 volume

Description: 4 pages of words from Jefferson's standard form, with equivalents in Mohiccon and three other languages numbered as 1, 6, 7 (Mohiccon), and 8. A comparative vocabulary of 22 languages, arranged tabularly to follow Jefferson's standard printed vocabulary form. Languages include Delaware, Unami, Monsi, Chippewa, Knisteneaux, Algonquin, Tawa, Shawanee, Nanticoke, Mohiccon, Unkechaug, Oneida, Cayuga, Onondaga, Miami, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Tuscarora, Chetimacha, and Atacapa.

Collection:Comparative vocabularies of several Indian languages (Mss.497.J35)

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Delaware materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Shawnee

Odawa includes: Ottawa

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Illinois Confederation

Language:English

Date:circa 1730-1990, bulk 1947-1956

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Becker, Marshall Joseph | Witthoft, John | Hunter, William A. (William Albert), 1908- | Weslager, C. A. (Clinton Alfred), 1909-1994

Type:Text

Extent:44 folders, 1 box

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 44 folders and one box of materials directly pertaining to the Delaware (also known as Lenape and Munsee) have been identified. Most of these items pertain to Wallace's personal research interest in the Delaware--beginning during his graduate studies, which led to the publication of "King of the Delawares: Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763" (1949), a psychoanalytic ethnohistory based on his masters thesis--and to his work as an expert witness for Native American land claims in the 1950s. There is one box containing research notecards on primary and secondary sources in Series III. Notecards. There are eight folders of notes, drafts, and other materials on Teedyscung, religion and revitalization, women, land, political organization, and other topics in Series IV. Works by Wallace A. Professional. There are two folders on "The Forbidden Path: Teedyuscung's Embassy to the Western Indians in 1760" by William A. Hunter and John Witthoft in Series V. Works by Others. Series IX. Indian Claims contains dockets, articles, notes, tribal histories, reports, etc., relating to Wallace's work as an expert witness for Delaware land claims (and the related land claims of other groups, such as the "Ohio Tribes" and the Haudenosaunee). There are also two folders of materials on the Lenape by Wallace's student Marshall Joseph Becker in Series II. Research Notes and Drafts B. Revitalization and Culture, as well as a folder of correspondence with Becker in Series I. Correspondence. Other relevant correspondence files include those of the American National Biography, Carl Bridenbaugh, Dwight Lewis Chamberlain, Loren C. Eiseley, the Eleutherian Mills--Hagley Foundation, Herbert Goltz, Jennifer King Hodges, William A. Hunter, Ruthe Blalock Jones, Mrs. Samuel P. Kelly, Harry B. Kelsey, Jean Laub, Franklin O. Loveland, Joan Lowe, Arthur Meyes, Russell Moses, Elizabeth Pilant, Claude E. Schaefer, Frank Speck, John Tabor, University of Pennsylvania Press, C. A. Weslager, and David Wyubeek. Finally, there is a folder of material on the history of the Munsee Recitation Festival (from originals in the Buffalo Historical Society and attributed to a Delaware resident of the Six Nations reserve in Canada, Albert Shequaqknind Anthony) in Series II. Research Notes and Drafts A. Indian Research. Note that there is also considerable Delaware material filed under "Ohio Tribes," particularly in land claims cases, and researchers should view the Ohio entry as well. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Delaware materials, Indian and Military Affairs of Pennsylvania, 1737-1775

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Shawnee

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1740-1760

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Passports | Instructions | Speeches | Reports

Extent:15 items

Description: Materials relating to Pennsylvania's relations with Delawares during the Seven Years' War era. Topics include provisions for Native allies; addresses by Native diplomats like Teedyuscung and representatives of Indians in Ohio; Teedyuscung's charges of land fraud and the Penns' rebuttal; a passport for Teedyuscung; Quaker support for Teedyuscung and involvement in Indian affairs; Quakers' address to the Governor and Council of Pennsylvania vindicating themselves from blame for Indian attacks; 1758 plans for a treaty with the Haudenosaunee and Delawares; other councils or meetings with Native individuals or groups; prices in Indian trade; sending out to Indians to bring in scalps; a first-person account, copied from and referring to other manuscripts, regarding trade on Ohio, history of Louisiana, French and Indian relations; Spangenberg's refutal of a charge that Moravian Indians are friendly with the French; instructions to Conrad Weiser for a 1754 trip to Augwick to determine sentiments of Haudenosaunee people, Delawares, Shawnees, Miamis, and Wyandots. Individuals mentioned include Iegra, Delaware George, Tanacharison, and Scarroyady.

Collection:Indian and Military Affairs of Pennsylvania, 1737-1775 (Mss.974.8.P19)

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Delaware materials, John Pershouse correspondence and papers

Culture:

Shawnee

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:English

Date:1802; 1811

Contributor:Pershouse, John, 1769-1841

Subject:Diplomacy | Politics and government | Little Turtle, 1747?-1812 | Dance | Pennsylvania--History

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence

Extent:2 items

Description: Two letters to James Pershouse, one describing Indian women carrying children strapped to boards and the other describes Indians' visit to the government. Little Turtle, who led the rout of General Wayne speaks to Baltimore Quakers on injustice to Indians. Saw Shawnee and Delaware chiefs dance on state in Philadelphia: war, cornfield, eagle tale dances. One spoke to audience in native tongue.

Collection:John Pershouse correspondence and papers (Mss.B.P43)

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Delaware materials, Manuscripts on Indian affairs

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1755-1759

Contributor:Thomson, Charles, 1729-1824 | Johnson, William, 1715-1774 | Post, Christian Frederick, 1710?-1785

Type:Text

Extent:10 items

Description: Various items relating to Delaware-Pennsylvania relations in the 1750s including the first and second treaties at Easton; five council meetings held at Philadelphia; journal of Christian Frederick Post in his journey from Philadelphia to the Ohio; Charles Thompson's "An enquiry into the causes of the alienation of the Delaware and Shawanese"; and a letter from Sir William Johnson to James Abercrombie regarding his peace with the Delawares. Individuals mentioned include Teedyuscung, Conrad Weiser, Robert Hunter Morris, Governor Denny, Benjamin Franklin, Governor Morris, Richard Peters, Iagrea, Captain Newcastle, Barbet ("a Mohock"), John Pumpshire ("Jersey Indian"), Scarroyady, Andrew Montour, Daniel Claus, George Croghan, and Indian messengers Nathanial, Zacharias, and Christian.

Collection:Manuscripts on Indian affairs (Mss.970.4.M415)

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Delaware materials, Selected papers, [ca. 1819-1863], relating to Benjamin Franklin

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Shawnee

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1758; 1830s; 1853

Contributor:Penn, Thomas, 1702-1775 | Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866 | Fisher, Joshua Francis, 1807-1873

Subject:Place names | Treaties | Pennsylvania--History

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Treaties

Extent:3 items

Description: (1) Letter from Thomas Penn to Richard Peters. Original in copy book of Jared Sparks. Mentions advisability of James Logan ingratiating himself with Teedyuscung. (2) Letter from J. Francis Fisher to Jared Sparks. Original in Harvard College Library. Mentions his interest in deciphering Place names. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania is to invite other societies to pursue this topic. (3) Treaty with the Ohio Indians at Carlisle in October, 1753. Original in Sparks manuscripts, Harvard University. A brief account, apparently by Sparks. Scarroyady, Haudenosaunee, Owendaets (Wyandots), Delawares, Shawanese, Twigtwees (Miamis) treat with Richard Peters, Isaac Norris, and Benjamin Franklin.

Collection:Selected papers, [ca. 1819-1863], relating to Benjamin Franklin (Mss.B.Sp25)

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Delaware materials, Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan

Culture:

Shawnee

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Susquehannock includes: Conestoga

Piscataway includes: Conoy

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Nanticoke

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Mingo

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:1725-1759

Contributor:Delaware chiefs | Logan, James, 1674-1751 | Weiser, Conrad, 1696-1760 | Peters, Richard, 1704-1776 | Penn, John, 1700-1746

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Minutes | Memoranda | Accounts | Reports

Extent:27 items

Description: Correspondence and other materials relating to Indian affairs. Topics include land claims; treaties and diplomatic conferences; Indian complaints of dispossession and mistreatment; "Minguay" (Mingo?) expense of Indian diplomacy; illness and death of Allumapis; Conrad Weiser's activities in the service of the colony; Delawares and other Indians in Ohio; hanging of Indian in New Jersey; efforts to make the Haudenosaunee "overlords" of Pennsylvania's nearer Native neighbors; the Walking Purchase; Shawnees "making trouble"; fears of Indians going over to the French. Individuals mentioned include Allumapis, Christopher Pyrlaeus, Conrad Weiser, Shickellamy, Teedyuscung, Christopher Stump, Hugh Jones, Mannakahickan, Broken Thigh, Captain Newcastle, James Logan, Governor Ogle; Nutimus.

Collection:Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan, 1699-1750 (Mss.B.L82)

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Eastern North America materials, John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and papers, 1789-1796

Culture:

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1789; 1794

Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence

Extent:2 items

Description: Two letters of Moravian missionary John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder concerning Native Americans. From originals in the Massachusetts Historical Society. A 4-page 1789 letter to an unknown recipient concerns the danger of surveying Moravian Indian lands on the Muskingum River due to threats from Indians, particularly Miamis, and mentions Zeisberger. A 2-page 1794 letter to Timothy Pickering contains information from David Zeisberger concerning Indian affairs; according to Zeisberger and [Gottlob] Senseman, Native peoples (especially Five Nations) at Thames River desire peace.

Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and papers, 1789-1796 (Mss.Film.805.2)