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Date:1972
Contributor:Pulte, William John, 1941-
Subject:Linguistics | Muskogean languages
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Essays
Extent:1 folder
Description: This item consists of a letter from William (Bill) Pulte regarding his graduate work on the Chickasaw and Cherokee languages enclosing a paper titled "The Position of Chickasaw in Western Muskogean."
Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)
Culture:
Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'
Unkechaug includes: Unquachog
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Choctaw includes: Chahta
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Atakapa includes: Atacapa
Language:Algonquin | Delaware | Unami | Munsee | Nanticoke | Ojibwe | Cree | Shawnee | Mahican | Quiripi | Oneida | Cayuga | Onondaga | Miami-Illinois | Cherokee | Chickasaw | Choctaw | Muscogee | Tuscarora | Chitimacha
Date:n.d., 1792-1808?; 1802-1808
Contributor:Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826
Subject:Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Vocabularies
Extent:1 volume
Description: 4 pages of words from Jefferson's standard form, with equivalents in Mohiccon and three other languages numbered as 1, 6, 7 (Mohiccon), and 8. A comparative vocabulary of 22 languages, arranged tabularly to follow Jefferson's standard printed vocabulary form. Languages include Delaware, Unami, Monsi, Chippewa, Knisteneaux, Algonquin, Tawa, Shawanee, Nanticoke, Mohiccon, Unkechaug, Oneida, Cayuga, Onondaga, Miami, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Tuscarora, Chetimacha, and Atacapa.
Collection:Comparative vocabularies of several Indian languages (Mss.497.J35)
Culture:
Date:1993-1995
Contributor:Bender, Margaret Clelland
Type:Sound recording
Genre:Interviews
Extent:6 sound tape reels (5 hr., 27 min.) : DIGITIZED
Description: Oral history interviews with 15 Cherokee speakers on their background and use of Cherokee, espcially their use of the Cherokee syllabary. (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)
Collection:Contemporary usage of the Cherokee syllabary (Mss.Rec.262)
Culture:
Date:1783-1817
Contributor:Barton, Benjamin Smith, 1766-1815 | McAtee, William L.
Subject:Botany | Health | Linguistics | Religion | Rites and ceremonies | Zoology
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies
Extent:107 pages
Description: These letters authored by Benjamin Barton Smith to various correspondents discuss Indian vocabulary words for birds, earthquakes, and animals of their domestic economy. Smith solicits information about Indian beliefs about health, nursing, menstration, animal sacrifice, Indian Bible, origins of Indian tribes, white race, Orthography and spelling, chief's political power, and comparative linguistic analysis between Indian and Asiatic languages.
Collection:Violetta Delafield-Benjamin Smith Barton Collection (Mss.B.B284d)
Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mandan includes: Nueta
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1816-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Social life and customs | Missions | Government relations | Religion | Place names | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:0.5 linear feet, circa 115 items
Description: Letters from Moravian missionary, historian, and linguist John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder, mostly to Peter Stephen du Ponceau with one to Caspar Wistar. Some of the replies from Du Ponceau are copied in the letter books of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder most frequently wrote of the publications he was working on or revising, particularly his Account of the Indian nations (1819), Narrative (1820), Heckewelder (1821), a Mohican (Mohegan) vocabulary, remarks on a Swedish-Delaware vocabulary, etc., some of which were to be published or republished by the American Philosophical Society. Many letters thus revolve around the research, writing, and publishing processes, including Heckewelder's responses to du Ponceau's edits and suggestions; his own edits, additions, lists of errors, etc.; his concern that errors by the typesetter could bring criticism on linguistic portions; new information and discoveries, such as the finding of a Maqua (Haudenosaunee) manuscript in the Moravian Archives; negative reviews and criticisms of his work, like an objectionable review in the North American Review (1819), a review in the Westchester Village Record disputing the role of Delaware as women, and William Darby's disagreement about Heckewelder's account of the killing of Native people by Williamson and his men; more positive responses to his work, like an honorary membership in the Massachusetts Peace Society for his Account (1819); translation of his work into German and other languages; and his insistence that the American Philosophical Society imprimatur appear on the title page, because as a Moravian he could not publish anything on his own relating to the Society of the United Brethren. Heckewelder repeatedly touched on Native languages and matters of linguistics: among other things, he referred to the Native vocabularies he himself had collected; a Swedish-Delaware catechism and dispute over "r" or "l" sound; difficulties in hearing Indian languages properly; difficulties in writing Native American languages; comparisons between his own findings and linguistic materials and scholarship published by others (of whom he was often critical); several examples of Delaware or Lenape words, roots, paradigms, gender, usage, etc.; and comparions of Delaware to other Native languages like Ojibwe, Shawnee, Natick, and Narragansett. Heckewelder's letters reveal him to be well-read and immersed in a network of similarly-minded scholars trading information and forwarding books and articles. Specific works by others mentioned include the Steiner article in Columbian Magazine (September 1789); a Pickering-Du Ponceau Dencke's version of St. John's Epistles in Delaware; Zeisberger's Bible translation and Life of Christ; Poulson's paper relating Welsh to Powhatan (which Heckewelder deems incorrect on the basis that Powhatan was Delaware); Pickering's essay on a uniform Orthography and spelling; Eliot's Bible translation; a paper by Zeisberger on Delaware being made men again (#865) and Zeisberger's replies (#341) to 23 queries of Barton (#1636); Loskiel's history (Heckewelder notes general verification in Loskiel for specific incidents and believes that the absence of certain incidents in Loskiel's history is the result of missionary discretion); works by Barton (he criticizes Barton for seeking speedy answers to questions of Indian origins, and for thinking Delaware and Iroquois related); and various publications of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder also wrote about "Indian affairs" such as the Jefferson-Cresap dispute (over Logan speech and affair); Benton's resolution concerning the Christian Indians and Moravian land; the speech of a Delaware at Detroit, 1781; and Heckewelder's role in the Washington City Society for Civilizing the Indians. Ethnographic topics include Native American names, place names, childbirth, swimming, friendship, treatment of captives, derivation of "papoose," names of trees and rivers, and various anecdotes. Other individuals mentioned include Rev. Schulz, Butrick, Colonel Arent Schyler De Peyster, Captain Pipe, Vater, Hesse, Gambold, John Vaughan, Charles Thomson, Thomas Jefferson, Deborah Norris Logan, Mitchill, Daniel Drake, Abraham Steiner, Noah Webster du Ponceau's brother, etc. Heckewelder's letter to Wistar regarding the Naked Bear traditions was printed (except last paragraph) in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1: 363.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (Mss.497.3.H35o)
Culture:
Date:1792-1897
Contributor:Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Turner, George, 1750-1843 | Thorburn, John | Townsend, Thomas | Morris, J. Cheston (James Cheston), 1831-1923 | Sargent, Winthrop, 1753-1820 | Smith, Charles | Squier, E. G. (Ephraim George), 1821-1888 | Turner, George, 1750-1843 | Miller, Samuel | Cushing, Frank Hamilton, 1857-1900 | Cutler, Manasseh, 1742-1823 | Forshey, Caleb Goldsmith, 1812-1881 | Hullihen, S. P. (Simon P.), 1810-1857 | Short, Charles Wilkins, 1794-1863 | Thomas, Isaiah, 1773-1835
Subject:Linguistics | Missions | Mounds | Inscriptions | Petroglyphs | Archaeology | Funeral rites and ceremonies
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Memoranda | Sketches
Extent:28 items
Description: Items relating to materials about the Native peoples of Eastern North America. Topics include papers and articles, particularly those considered for publication (on the relation of pentagonal dodecahedron found near Marietta, Ohio, to shamanism; memoir on aboriginal monuments; memoir of Dr. Charles D. Meigs on bones and burial customs; multiple items regarding a letter from S. P. Hullihen to Dr. Richard Harlan regarding inscription on a stone found at Grave Creek near Wheeling, and Thomas Townsend's claim to prior publication rights to Grave Creek inscription; Caleb Forshey's paper describing a great mound in Adams County, Mississippi; Cushing's publication on exploration of ancient key dwellers' remains on the Gulf Coast of Florida; a response to Henry Phillips' article on supposed runic inscriptions at Yarmouth, Nova Scotia); requests for information or materials (Samuel Miller's request for copies of designated Indian vocabularies of Delaware, Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Osage, for training missionaries of United Foreign Missionary Society); donations to APS ("curiosities" taken from Indian grave near Cincinnati; relics and fossil shells found in Huntingdon County, West Virginia;"western productions"); Peter S. du Ponceau's work on Southern Indian languages and customs (including Creek, Natchez, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Yuchi), Indian vocabularies, and for APS; information from Judge William C. Frazer (Wisconsin Territory, Superior County), concerning discovery of burned bricks in Aztalan Mound, Jefferson County, Wisconsin; Cutler's estimation of age of Ohio mounds referred to in Barton (1787) using tree-ring dating; sketch of the plan of an ancient work three miles southeast of Lexington (Kentucky); American Antiquarian Society's plans to publish a volume on mounds based on Caleb Atwater's data; and comparative vocabularies of British Columbia tribes. Other individuals mentioned include Murray, Duralde, Colonel Smith, Benjamin Hawkins, Robley Dunglison, Isaac Lea, Benjamin W. Richards, George M. Wharton, Nathaniel Ware, General Wayne, Dr. Tolmie, George M. Dawson, and Abelard Tomlinson.
Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)
Culture:
Date:1880-1932
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Calhoun, Morgan, 1863?-1927 | West Long, Will, 1870-1947 | Mooney, James, 1861-1921 | Wolf, James | Witthoft, John
Subject:Botany | Ethnography | Medicine | Religion | Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Notebooks | Diaries | Account books | Records | Ledgers | Vocabularies | Transcriptions
Extent:22 items
Description: The Frank Speck Cherokee Collection consists of diaries, accounts, and medicinal texts in Cherokee (syllabary) collected by Will West Long and Morgan Calhoun, accompanied by notes by Speck and John Witthoft. These include several diaries kept by Long (mostly 1904-1917), records of the Gadugi (a Cherokee mutual aid group), accounts, records of births and deaths at Big Cove, and material collected on Cherokee botany collected by James Mooney in 1887. Several of the items contain information on Cherokee medicine, including formulae and curing charms. Many of these items have been designated as culturally sensitive and may not be reproduced, nor photographed in the Reading Room.
Collection:Frank Gouldsmith Speck Cherokee Collection (Mss.572.97.Sp3L)
Culture:
Yuchi includes: Euchee
Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'
Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli
Quapaw includes: Arkansas, Ugahxpa
Koasati includes: Coushatta
Catawba includes: Iswa
Choctaw includes: Chahta
Cocopah includes: Cocopa, Cucapáh, Cucapá, Kwapa, Kwii Capáy
Atakapa includes: Atacapa
Biloxi includes: Tanêks, Tanêksa
Date:circa 1962-1983
Contributor:Crawford, James M. (James Mack), 1925-1989 | Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Sturtevant, William C.
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Hokan languages | Yuman languages | Muskogean languages | California--History | Botanical specimens | Oklahoma--History | Education
Type:Text | Three-dimensional object
Genre:Drafts | Reviews | Essays | Notes | Field notes | Notebooks | Specimens | Newspaper clippings | Correspondence
Extent:29 folders
Description: This entry is intended to encompass materials relating to James M. Crawford's interest in and study of Native North American languages. These items tend to be too general, too diffuse, or too vague in nature to easily fit under clear cultural or linguistic umbrellas. In Series III-D. Works by Crawford--Other, these items include "A Brief Account of the Indian Tribes of Northeast Georgia" (1962), a paper Crawford submitted in his Linguistics 170 class at Berkeley; Crawford's largely negative review of "Native Americans and Their Languages" by Roger Owen (1978); a typed copy of Crawford's "A Phonological Comparison of the Speech of Two Communities in California: East Bay and El Centro" (1964); typed drafts (with handwritten sections and penciled edits) of Crawford's "The Phonological Sequence ya in Words Pertaining to the Mouth in Southeastern and Other Indian Languages," which appeared in the volume “Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages,” which he edited (1975); and three folders pertaining to Crawford's other work on the edited volume “Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages,” including drafts, edits, notes, etc., of the preface and introduction Crawford wrote for the volume as well as exhaustive notes on bibliographic sources for several indigenous languages, including Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Natchez, Apalachee, Houma, Creek (Mukogean), Hitchiti, Seminole, Mobilian Jargon, Mikasuki, Alabama, Quapaw, Atakapa, Chitimacha, Timucua, Yuchi, Tuscarora, etc. (1970s). In Series IV-D. Research Notes & Notebooks—Other, items include a folder titled “Columbus Museum,” dated to July 1969, with research notes pertaining to Yuchi, Choctaw, Alabama-Koasati, Cherokee, etc., including the names and addresses of many potential language consultants for Yuchi, Shawnee, Catawba, Cherokee, etc., including some of the same people he visits in 1976 as described in “Mobilian Search—Notebook”; a folder labeled “Dialect Study (El Centro, East Bay),” with mostly handwritten notes and drafts pertaining to his "A Phonological Comparison of the Speech of Two Communities in California: East Bay and El Centro" (1964); “Haas Miscellany,” containing an Algonquian language chart attributed to Haas and two scraps of paper pertaining to her; “Miscellany,” containing notes on Maricopa, Digueno, Cocopa, Koasati, etc., as well as a plant specimen identified as Euphorbia chamaesyce; “Numerals from Indian Languages,” containing undated notes on numerals in Natchez, Muskogean, Hokan, Pomoan, Yukian, Wintun, Salinan, Esselen, Chumash, etc.; “Reconnaissance of Southeastern Indian Languages—Notebook,” a 1969 field notebook of a research trip mentioning numerous language consultants (Mrs. Rufus George, Yuchi and Cherokee, and Claude Medford, Creek?, prominent among them) and possible consultants, Choctaw, Seminole, Mikasuki, Cherokee, Lumbee, Creek, Chitimacha, Chickasaw, Shawnee, Yuchi, Tunica, Biloxi, Natchez, etc. people and languages, and commentary about relations between various groups, especially with Oklahoma groups [This item appears to be related to Crawford's research into the see also Mobilian materials]; “Mrs. Terrell—Notebook,” which contains a notebook of unidentified indigenous words elicited from consultants Mrs. Terrell and Mrs. Fletcher in April-May 1969; and “Unidentified,” containing sheets with a text in an unidentified indigenous language and its English translation. In Series VI. Course Material, there is a folder of materials relating to Crawford's coursework at Berkley, including “American Indian Languages--Linguistics 170 [1962]” as well as some Native North American material in an undated folder labeled “Seminars: 290a Theory; 290g American Indian Languages; Dialectology 216; 225; 130 Phonology—Notebook.” In Series II. Subject Files, there are materials relating to Crawford's research into to Mobilian, Cocopah, and Yuchi in “American Council of Learned Societies”; materials relating to his work in bilingual education under Title VII, particularly with the Yuchi in Oklahoma, in “Bilingual Education”; news clippings related to the work of Crawford and others in “Clippings”; records of payments to indigenous language consultants in “Informants' Receipts”; materials relating to Crawford's work with the Southeastern Indian Language Project via application materials in “National Science Foundation #1” and “National Science Foundation #2”; one folder of readers' reviews (pre-publication) and another folder of post-publication reviews of “Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages”; and a grant proposal to do field work to study Yuchi in Sapulpa, Oklahoma in “University of Georgia—Grant Proposal,” in which Crawford outlines not only his proposed study but some historical information about Yuchi people and language. Finally, Series I. Correspondence contains many exchanges about Crawford's work on Native North American languages. Most of this correspondence revolves around Crawford's submission of papers and articles to academic conferences and publishers. The most interesting items include a letter from Ilona May (Thomas) Keyaite, the daughter of a Cocopah consultant; letters and notes about 1735 drawings of Yuchi and Creek Indians in Georgia in a folder labelled “Sturtevant, William C.” [1977-1978]. This series also includes various letters and notes from the University of Georgia recognizing Crawford's professional accomplishments and awards, and a few letters documenting the difficult publication history of the volume on Southeastern Indian Languages.
Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)
Culture:
Date:1862; 1913-1996
Contributor:Lounsbury, Floyd Glenn | Goldenweiser, Alexander A., 1880-1940 | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Abler, Thomas S., (Thomas Struthers), 1941-2019 | Day, Gordon M. | Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton), 1859-1937 | Latham, Robert Gordon, 1812-1888 | Lyford, Carrie A., (Carrie Alberta) | Barbeau, Marius, 1883-1969 | Thomas, George | Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Pendergast, James F., 1921-2000 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Tooker, Elisabeth, 1927-2004
Subject:Linguistics | Religion | Rites and ceremonies | Medicine | Masks | Place names | Cosmology | Crafts | Ethnography
Type:Text | Sound recording
Description: The Haudenosaunee materials in the Lounsbury Papers are vast in scope ranging from ceremonial recordings in Series VII to secondary sources in Series II to Lounsbury's own linguistic work among the Haudenosaunee (see notes on Mohawk, Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida, and Onondaga materials). The correspondence, in Series I, includes notes by Marius Barbeau on six Iroquoian language varieties, a recording of the Condolence Ceremony recited by George Thomas, Gordon Day's work on Iroquois place names in Vermont, William Fenton's work on Iroquois-Cherokee linguistic relations, a manuscript of Mary Haas' comments on FGL's "Iroquois-Cherokee Linguistic Relations," George Harnell's work on Iroquois culture, Gunther Michelson's work on Iroquois place names, James Pendergast's study of longhouse construction and LaSalle's 1669-1670, Morris Swadesh's notes on the Caughnawaga Iroquois in Brooklyn, NY, Elisabeth Tooker on Iroquois cosmology, a manuscript of Iroquois grammar by Carl Voeglin, William Wykoff's study of Iroquois prehistory.
Collection:Floyd G. Lounsbury Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.95)
Culture:
Date:1881; 1895; 1909; 1932
Contributor:Cuoq, J. A. (Jean André), 1821-1898 | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Fogelson, Raymond D. | Hale, Horatio, 1817-1896 | Harrington, M. R. (Mark Raymond), 1882-1971 | Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton), 1859-1937 | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950
Subject:History | Treaties | Warfare | Linguistics | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs | Religion | Cosmology | Ethnography | Population
Type:Text
Genre:Dictionaries | Grammars | Vocabularies
Extent:178 pages
Description: The Haudenosaunee materials in the Frank Siebert Papers are confined mostly to Series III, subsection C, "Texts." On interest are early historical accounts from the 17th century; accounts by Iroquois informants; and a relatively small amount of linguistic materials.
Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)