Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: This entry covers materials not otherwise covered by other entries relating to the Anthony Wallace Papers. Researchers are advised to see also the other entries devoted to specific cultural groups, Of particular interest will be Series II. Research Notes and Drafts, particularly Subseries A. Indian Research, which contains correspondence, notes and drafts from Wallace's research among the Seneca and Tuscarora. Some overlapping Native American material is in Subseries B. Revitalization and Culture. Also of particular interest will be Series IX. Indian Claims, which contains Wallace's work (with his research assistant Michal Lowenfels Kane) as an expert witness for several Native American land claims, including those of Creek, Dakota (Sioux), Delaware, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Iowa, Kickapoo, Meskwaki (Fox, Sac and Fox, or Sauk and Fox), Miami, Muckleshoot, Oto-Missouri, Pawnee, Shawnee, and Wyandot peoples. Another concentration of materials can be found in Series VII. Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute and pertain to Wallace's study of "arctic hysteria" (piblokto) among Greenland Inuit. Subseries B. U.S.-Soviet Commission on Anthropology of Series VI. Consulting and Committee Work also contains items on arctic populations. Materials related to Wallace's research on Native American and Indigenous topics can also be throughout Series I. Correspondence (several of Wallace's correspondents were anthropologists, historians, Native individuals, and other interested parties), Series III. Notecards, Series IV. Works by Wallace, Series V. Works by Others, Series VI. Consulting and Committee Work, Series VIII. University of Pennsylvania (to a lesser extent), Series XI. Maps, and Series XII. Graphics. Relevant correspondence files include those of the American Philosophical Society, James Axtell, Molly Nelson Archambaud (Molly Spotted Elk, Penobscot) Whitfield Bell, Robert F. Berkhofer, Carl Bridenbaugh, Edward C. Carter, Raymond Fogelson, Robert Grumet, Jeannette Henry, Stephen N. Kane, George F. Kearney, David H. Kelley, Nancy Lurie, J. T. S. McCabe, D'Arcy McNickle, Chief C. O. Nelson, Stanley Pargellis, Robert Prall, John E. Roth, Claude E. Schaefer, Donald Smith, John Tabor, Norman Tait, Morton I. Teicher, Ronald Thomas, and Katharine Young. The graphics series is also significant, containing images of pictographs, watercolor paintings by Ray Fadden's (Mohawk, aka Aren Akweks) son John (Mohawk, aka Ka-Hon-Hes), original drawings by Seneca Jesse Cornplanter and Tuscarora Nellie Gansworth, and photographs associated with Paul A.W. Wallace's fieldwork among the Indians of Pennsylvania, New York State, and Ontario as well as Anthony F.C. Wallace's research (1947-1985) on American Indians. Specific items not mentioned elsewhere include a folder on "Muckleshoot Tribe vs. the United States, Docket No. 98" and "Tee-Hit-Ton Indians vs. the United States" [the Tee-Hit-Ton are Tlingit] in Series IX. Indian Claims; a folder containing Frank Speck material on the Nanticoke in Series IV. Works by Wallace A. Professional; and a paper on the Nez Perce in Subseries 5. Student Seminar Papers of Series II. Research Notes and Drafts D. Rockdale.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Various materials, Bruce L. Pearson Papers

Culture:

Kwomtari

Wea

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Saponi includes: Saponny

Pamunkey

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie

Nanticoke

Kalinago includes: Carib, Island, Kalhíphona

Catawba includes: Iswa

Algonquin

Date:1960s-2000s

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes

Extent:ca. 15 folders

Description: The Bruce L. Pearson Papers includes files relating to various languages and/or peoples that were outside of his main research scope, primarily on linguistics topics. These are especially throughout Series VI. Other subject files, as well as in Series VII and Series VIII, and are just one or two files per language or culture listed in this guide entry.

Collection:Bruce L. Pearson Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.265)

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Virginia materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Language:English

Date:1920-1947

Type:Text | Three-dimensional object | Still Image

Extent:40 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in the various Virginia- or Chesapeake-area peoples sometimes collectively lumped as Powhatans, including the Chickahominy, Mattaponi, Nansemond, Pamunkey, and Rappahannock peoples, from the early contact period into the mid-twentieth century. The Cherokees, Seminoles, Tuscaroras, and Penobscots are also mentioned. Correspondence includes Speck's correspondence with Chickahominy consultants like Chief George L. Nelson, Mrs. S. P. Nelson, Chief James H. Nelson, and E. P. Bradby; Pamunkey consultants like Paul L. Miles and Chief O. W. Adkins; Charles Edgar Gilliam, a Petersburg, Virginia, attorney and amateur historian, etymologist, and ethnologist; and a letter from Werner Müller in Berlin to the University of Pennsylvania inquiring whether Speck's book on the Nansamond and Chickahominy Indians was published and mentioniong Speck's publications on the Rappahannock and Powhatan. Other materials, largely arranged by topic, were compiled by Speck as well as by some his students, particularly those who participated in a field research group between 1939 and 1942, such as Mary Rowell Carse, Edmund Carpenter, Royal Hassrick, John "Jack" Kremens, Maurice A. Mook, Robert Solenberger, and Theodore Stern. Of particular interest might be a folder of 1941-1946 correspondence (42 letters) and copies of various documents relating to the efforts of Speck, James R. Coates, and others to overcome the practice of Virginia draft boards to classify indigenous peoples as "Negroes" for Selective Service. Other materials include a folder on Chickahominy efforts to gain recognition, including chartering the tribe as an incorporation; two of Speck's field notebooks on the Pamunkey, Mattaponi, Rappahannock, Cherokee, and Chickahominy; Speck's reading notes on topics like gourds and the bow and arrow in early contact days; a description of "Pamunkey Town" in 1759, based on Andrew Burnaby, Travels (1760); a 1940 newspaper article titled "Virginia Indians Past and Present"; notes on Virginia Indian populations in 1668, based on figures obtained from a regulation requiring certain numbers of wolves be killed by various Indian groups; Charles Edgar Gilliam's "Historical sketch of Appomatoc Indians, 1607-1723"; and Gilliam on Powhatan Algonquian birds, etc., in colonial times. Other folders are devoted to topics such as Pamunkey hunting and fishing, Pamunkey games and amusements, Pamunkey celestial and meteorological phenomena, Pamunkey contemporary technology, Pamunkey emergency foods, Pamunkey fish, amphibians, shellfish, and reptiles, Pamunkey reptiles, Pamunkey animals, Pamunkey birds, Pamunkey mensuration, Pamunkey miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Pamunkey social organization, Pamunkey pottery, Pamunkey plants and agriculture, Pamunkey foods, Pamunkey medicines and poisons, Pamunkey folklore and language, Rappahannock field notes, Rappahannock contemporary technology, Rappahanock taking devices, Rappahannock miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Mattaponi miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Chickahominy miscellaneous notes and correspondence, field notes on Western Chickahominy, Nansemond miscellaneous notes and correspondence, and miscellaneous notes and correspondence on Virgina Indians.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Walter Dyk Collection

Culture:

Wasco-Wishram

Language:English | Wasco-Wishram

Date:1906-1956

Type:Text

Extent:0.5 linear feet

Description: The Walter Dyk Collection consists of 16 folders relating to Dyk's dissertation research on Wishram, 1930-1933, donated to the APS by Dell Hymes in the 1980s (with additions transferred from the Dell H. Hymes Papers in 2019). It includes copies of his masters thesis (Chicago, 1931) and dissertation (Yale, 1933), papers and notes sent to Dell Hymes in the mid-1950s when Hymes was working on the language, including two field notebooks, Hymes' plans for use of these and other materials, and a small but important set of correspondence. The correspondence includes letters to Dyk from Philip Kahclamet, who was Dyk's primary consultant for "Kikct" (which Kahclamet identifies as a broad term for several related varieties), and who later worked with Hymes; from Edward Sapir to Dyk, including a very long and detailed letter commenting on phonology in Dyk's dissertation; and a series of letters to Sapir from Peter McGuff, Sapir's Wishram consultant at Fort Simcoe, Washington, 1906-1908. Sapir described him in Sapir (1909), and Michael Silverstein discussed him in Natural Histories of Discourse (1996), a volume co-edited by Silverstein and Greg Urban. See finding aid for related material and an itemized list of contents.

Collection:Walter Dyk Collection (Mss.497.3.H998m)

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Warao materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Warao

Language:English | Warao

Date:circa 1949-1968

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Venezuela--History | Guyana--History | Suriname--History

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Essays

Extent:2 folders

Description: Two items relating to the Warao (formerly Yao) language have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They consist of an undated essay "Notes on Warao Verbs" in Subcollection I, Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III-B: Works Authored by Voegelin; and a Warao minor phoneme inventory in Subcollection II, Series II. Research Notes, Subseries IX. Uto-Aztecan, except Hopi.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Wintu materials, Harvey Pitkin Papers

Culture:

Wintu includes: Northern Wintun

Takelma includes: Rogue River

Patwin includes: Southern Wintun

Maya

Miwok

Klamath

Date:1888-1953

Type:Still Image | Text | Sound recording

Description: The Wintu materials in the Harvey Pitkin Papers are extensive. Subcollection I, Series I, contains notes, notebooks, vocabularies, slip files, texts, manuscripts and phonetic tracings by Jeremiah Curtin in the late 19th century, Roland Dixon, and A.M. Halpern. Series I-B contains Pitkin's grammar slip files and vocabularies collected by Curtin. Series I-C includes Jaime de Angulo's manuscript on the Patwin language, S.A. Barrett's transcriptions and translations of speech and song recordings, Radin's "Grammatical Sketch" and Waterman's notes on Patwin phonetics. Series II-A is rich in materials collected by A.L. Krober. In Subcollection II, Pitkin's field notes are located in Series 2, Subseries 1. Subseries 2 includes Pitkin's extensive notes on his Wintu dictionary, grammar, texts, stories, and music. The manuscript of the dictionary is located in Subseries 3. There is an unpublished 416 page manuscript of stories written in both English and Wintu, songs, and transcriptions in Subseries 4. This section also includes copies of all the extant linguistic material with works by noted linguists such as Curtin, Albert Gatschet, Radin, Halpern, Morris Swadesh, Victor Golla, and J.P. Harrington. Series 6 is comprised of card file slips with comparative analyses by Pitkin of the four languages of the Wintun family.

Collection:Harvey Pitkin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.78)

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Wyandot materals, Elisabeth Tooker Papers

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Susquehannock includes: Conestoga

Language:English

Date:1964-1991

Contributor:Tooker, Elisabeth, 1927-2004

Subject:Folklore | Ontario--History

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes | Reviews | Stories

Extent:.5 linear feet

Description: The Huron and Wyandot materials in the Elisabeth Tooker Papers are found in multiple sections of the finding aid. In Series I, see "Huronia Historical Development Council" and "Sainte-Marie Among the Hurons." There may be additional relevant materials in other correspondence files. In Series II, see reviews of "An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649." In Series III, see "Social Organization of the Huron Indians." In Series VII, see Tooker's general bibliographic notecards file, which includes a section on "Wyandot-Iroquois Separation Myth," and her "Susquehanna & Wyandot" card file box.

Collection:Elisabeth Tooker Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.84)

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Wyandot materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:Undated

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Bauman, Robert F. | Garrad, Charles

Subject:Land tenure | Land claims | United States. Indian Claims Commission | Anthropology

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Essays

Extent:5 folders

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents. Though further research might yield more results, five items relating to the Wyandots (or Hurons, or Huron-Wyandots) have been identified. See the Charles Garrad file in Series I. Correspondence. In Series II. Research Notes and Drafts: A. Research, there is an undated folder on "Huron and Haudenosaunee materials [Notes]." In Series IX. Indian Claims, there are two folders labeled "Bauman, Robert F.--Ottawa, the Huron-Wyandot, and the Land" and a third folder labeled "Wyandot Indians--Notes." Robert F. Bauman was a lawyer and historian who specialized for a time as a research historian on Indian claims for a Cleveland law firm and was also briefly director of the Dearborn Historical Museum in the early 1950s.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Yaqui materials, John Alden Mason Papers

Culture:

Yaqui includes: Hiaki, Yoeme

Language:English | Spanish | Yaqui

Date:1954 and undated

Contributor:Mason, John Alden, 1885-1967 | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939

Type:Text

Genre:Stories | Notes | Drafts | Essays

Extent:3 items

Description: Materials relating to John Alden Mason's interest in Yaqui language and culture. Items include Yaqui Texts #1 (1954) a collection of Yaqui texts and songs taken at Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico; Yaqui Texts #2 (undated), two short texts with interlinear Spanish translation and numerals one through ten; and Mason's undated manuscript titled "Preliminary sketch of the Yaqui language," along with a note from Edward Sapir regarding the manuscript and Uto-Aztecan linguistics.

Collection:John Alden Mason Papers (Mss.B.M384)

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Yavapai materials, James M. Crawford Papers

Culture:

Yavapai

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Mojave includes: Mohave, Aha Macav

Kiliwa includes: K'olew

Kumeyaay includes: Kumiai, Diegueño, Kamia, Tipai-Ipai

Maidu

Catawba includes: Iswa

Cocopah includes: Cocopa, Cucapáh, Cucapá, Kwapa, Kwii Capáy

Atakapa includes: Atacapa

Biloxi includes: Tanêks, Tanêksa

Language:English | Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai

Date:circa 1962-1964

Contributor:Crawford, James M. (James Mack), 1925-1989

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Yuman languages | Arizona--History

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Field notes | Vocabularies | Drafts | Essays

Extent:4 folders, 1 box

Description: Materials relating to James Crawford's interest in and study of Yavapai culture and the Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai language. There are two folders of particular interest in Series IV-D. Research Notes & Notebooks--Other. The first is a folder labeled "Havasupai" [1962] containing 17 pages of words collected at the Grand Canyon from Lorenzo Sinyella (whose grandfather, Ole Man Sinyella, worked with Leslie Spier), recorded by Crawford, and including bits of information on a few other language consultants as well. The other folder is labeled "Yavapai Word List" and contains a word list collected by Crawford from Viola Jimulla at the Yavapai-Prescott Indian Reservation in 1962; several slips of paper, some including personal details of various language consultants, i.e., Charley Pattea (Yavapai), Kate Crozier (Walapai), etc.; several sheets of loose-page paper with more information on Yavapai, Cocopa, Mohave, Diegueño, etc. consultants and linguistics dated to 1963; and a word list collected from Warren Gazzam (Yavapai Western) in 1963. There is also a folder containing a typed copy, handwritten notes, and other materials (including homework exercises and a preliminary draft) relating to Crawford's "Proto-Yuman: Reconstructed from Cocopa, Diegueño, Maricopa, and Yavapai" [1964] in Series III-C. Works by Crawford--Yuman; a folder labeled "Comparison of Cocopa, Maricopa, Diegueño, and Yavapai" [1964?], containing handwritten charts comparing elements of those four languages and Kiliwa in Series IV-A. Research Notes and Notebooks--Cocopa; and "Possible Cognates to Yuchi in Siouan, Atakapa, Yava, Maidu, etc." [1971-1977], which contains 9 full sheets and 2 slips of handwritten notes comparing Yuchi, Biloxi, Ofo, Catawba, Atakapa, Maidu, Yava, Wocco, Tutelo, etc., in Series IV-B. Research Notes & Notebooks--Yuchi. Finally, there is one box of card-sized paper slips, Yavapai-English and English-Yavapai, with penciled notes, in Series V. Card Files. See related materials in Yuman entry for the Crawford Papers.

Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)