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Culture:
Language:German | English | German, Walser
Date:1917-1962
Contributor:Susman, Amelia, 1915- | Schultz, Elias | Amacher, Werner | Schild, Martha | Huggler, Viktor | Thoeni, Gertrude | Aman, Reinhold | Knetschke, E. | Moulton, William G. (William Gamwell), 1914-2000 | Statistisches Bureau des Kantons Bern
Subject:Linguistics | Switzerland--History | Economic conditions | Religion | Education | Childbirth | Marriage customs and rites
Type:Text | Sound recording
Genre:Field notes | Correspondence | Censuses | Government documents | Newspapers | Drafts
Extent:2.5 linear feet
Description: Between around 1948 and 1950, Amelia Susman did fieldwork in Brienz, Switzerland, documenting the local variety of Highest Allemanic German as well as the social and economic organization of the village and surrounding areas. This is all contained within Series I. Of particular note are a reel-to-reel tape and some associated transcriptions, a set of 13 field notebooks, a lexical file, topically-arranged ethnographic notes, some correspondence with consultants (scattered throughout), and preparatory materials for several publications.
Collection:Amelia Susman Schultz Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.171)
Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Mandan includes: Nueta
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1816-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Social life and customs | Missions | Government relations | Religion | Place names | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:0.5 linear feet, circa 115 items
Description: Letters from Moravian missionary, historian, and linguist John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder, mostly to Peter Stephen du Ponceau with one to Caspar Wistar. Some of the replies from Du Ponceau are copied in the letter books of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder most frequently wrote of the publications he was working on or revising, particularly his Account of the Indian nations (1819), Narrative (1820), Heckewelder (1821), a Mohican (Mohegan) vocabulary, remarks on a Swedish-Delaware vocabulary, etc., some of which were to be published or republished by the American Philosophical Society. Many letters thus revolve around the research, writing, and publishing processes, including Heckewelder's responses to du Ponceau's edits and suggestions; his own edits, additions, lists of errors, etc.; his concern that errors by the typesetter could bring criticism on linguistic portions; new information and discoveries, such as the finding of a Maqua (Haudenosaunee) manuscript in the Moravian Archives; negative reviews and criticisms of his work, like an objectionable review in the North American Review (1819), a review in the Westchester Village Record disputing the role of Delaware as women, and William Darby's disagreement about Heckewelder's account of the killing of Native people by Williamson and his men; more positive responses to his work, like an honorary membership in the Massachusetts Peace Society for his Account (1819); translation of his work into German and other languages; and his insistence that the American Philosophical Society imprimatur appear on the title page, because as a Moravian he could not publish anything on his own relating to the Society of the United Brethren. Heckewelder repeatedly touched on Native languages and matters of linguistics: among other things, he referred to the Native vocabularies he himself had collected; a Swedish-Delaware catechism and dispute over "r" or "l" sound; difficulties in hearing Indian languages properly; difficulties in writing Native American languages; comparisons between his own findings and linguistic materials and scholarship published by others (of whom he was often critical); several examples of Delaware or Lenape words, roots, paradigms, gender, usage, etc.; and comparions of Delaware to other Native languages like Ojibwe, Shawnee, Natick, and Narragansett. Heckewelder's letters reveal him to be well-read and immersed in a network of similarly-minded scholars trading information and forwarding books and articles. Specific works by others mentioned include the Steiner article in Columbian Magazine (September 1789); a Pickering-Du Ponceau Dencke's version of St. John's Epistles in Delaware; Zeisberger's Bible translation and Life of Christ; Poulson's paper relating Welsh to Powhatan (which Heckewelder deems incorrect on the basis that Powhatan was Delaware); Pickering's essay on a uniform Orthography and spelling; Eliot's Bible translation; a paper by Zeisberger on Delaware being made men again (#865) and Zeisberger's replies (#341) to 23 queries of Barton (#1636); Loskiel's history (Heckewelder notes general verification in Loskiel for specific incidents and believes that the absence of certain incidents in Loskiel's history is the result of missionary discretion); works by Barton (he criticizes Barton for seeking speedy answers to questions of Indian origins, and for thinking Delaware and Iroquois related); and various publications of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder also wrote about "Indian affairs" such as the Jefferson-Cresap dispute (over Logan speech and affair); Benton's resolution concerning the Christian Indians and Moravian land; the speech of a Delaware at Detroit, 1781; and Heckewelder's role in the Washington City Society for Civilizing the Indians. Ethnographic topics include Native American names, place names, childbirth, swimming, friendship, treatment of captives, derivation of "papoose," names of trees and rivers, and various anecdotes. Other individuals mentioned include Rev. Schulz, Butrick, Colonel Arent Schyler De Peyster, Captain Pipe, Vater, Hesse, Gambold, John Vaughan, Charles Thomson, Thomas Jefferson, Deborah Norris Logan, Mitchill, Daniel Drake, Abraham Steiner, Noah Webster du Ponceau's brother, etc. Heckewelder's letter to Wistar regarding the Naked Bear traditions was printed (except last paragraph) in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1: 363.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (Mss.497.3.H35o)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1741-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Ettwein, John, 1721-1802 | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808 | Loskiel, George Henry, 1740-1814
Subject:Missions | Moravians | Religion | Social life and customs | Pennsylvania--History | Ohio--History | North Carolina--History | Politics and government | Government relations | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Reports | Journals | Autobiographies | Memoranda
Extent:1 reel
Description: Materials from the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. These papers include letters, reports, and journals relating to Indians, Moravian missions, and communities at Salem (N.C.), Bethlehem (Pa.), and Gnadenhütten, Muskingum, and Fairfield in Upper Canada. Also included are personal correspondence and an autobiography. Contains 86 letters, journals, reports, etc., pertaining to the travels and missionary activities of Heckewelder, mostly in German. Also includes 7 journals, memoranda, and miscellaneous materials of David Zeisberger, pertaining to his years with Indians. Many of the former materials were utilized and published by Paul A. W. Wallace (1958); the latter includes Zeisberger's Memoranda on Indians; Journey to the Six Nations (Haudenosaunee), Nanticokes and Shawanees (Shawnee) in April, 1752, to July, 1752; Conrad Weiser, Observations made on the pamphlet entitled "An enquiry ... [1759]"; Birth records for the 1780s at Friedenshutten and Gnadenhütten; Catalogue of Indians baptized by the United Brethren, 1765-1814 (721 names); and a memorandum of Zeisberger on the Onondaga.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and manuscripts (Mss.Film.514)
Culture:
Zulu includes: AmaZulu
Nak'waxda'xw includes: Nakoaktok, Nakwoktak, Nakwaxda'xw
Namgis includes: Nimkish, Nimpkish
Kwakwaka'wakw includes: Kwakiutl
K'ómoks includes: Comox
Gwatsinuxw includes: Quatsino
Dzawada'enuxw includes: Tsawataineuk
Gusgimukw includes: Koskimo
Heiltsuk includes: Bella Bella, Haíɫzaqv
Date:1893-1951
Contributor:Homiskanis, Lucy | Francine, Tsukwani | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Hunt, George | Averkieva, Julia | Bryan, Ruth | Leechman, J. D. (John Douglas), 1890- | Smith, Marian W. (Marian Wesley), 1907-1961 | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Teit, James Alexander, 1864-1922 | Yampolsky, Helene
Subject:Architecture | British Columbia--History | Ethnography | Fishing | Food | Games | Human remains | Hunting | Kinship | Linguistics | Marriage customs and rites | Material culture | Medicine | Museum objects | Music | Orthography and spelling | Personal names | Place names | Religion | Rites and ceremonies | Skulls | Social life and customs
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Autobiographies | Correspondence | Field notes | Dictionaries | Genealogies | Grammars | Maps | Musical scores | Notebooks | Photographs | Songs | Speeches | Transcripts | Vocabularies
Extent:Approx. 10,000 loose pages, 10 notebooks, 7000+ cards, 10+ maps
Description: The Kwakwaka'wakw materials in the ACLS collection are located predominantly in the "Kwakiutl" section of the finding aid, which contains a full listing of all materials (other relevant sections are "Northwest Coast", "Bella Bella (Heitsuk)", and item AfBnd.4 in "Non-American and non-linguistic material"). Some of the larger individual sets of materials listed within this section also have their own specific tables of contents (available upon request) detailing their often highly diverse contents. Overall, the vast majority of the material is made of of 1) manuscripts sent to Boas by George Hunt from the 1890s to the 1930s, frequently in both Kwak'wala and English, covering a very broad range of Kwakwaka'wakw history, culture, languages, customs, and traditions; and 2) field work materials recorded by Boas and Boas' own analyses of material sent by Hunt, covering a similar range of topics. Additional materials by other individuals focus especially on linguistic and ethnographic matters. Also see the guide entry "Kwakiutl materials, Franz Boas Papers" for information on the correspondence between Boas and Hunt, which gives additional context to the materials in the ACLS collection.
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)
Culture:
Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1742
Contributor:Pyrlaeus, John Christopher, 1713-1785
Subject:Missions | Moravians | Religion | Linguistics | Ethnography
Type:Text
Genre:Vocabularies
Extent:1 volume
Description: "Lexicon der Macquaischen Sprachen." Biblical and religious texts with interlinear translation in German of Mohawk; lists of words, classified by subject (animals, etc.); paradigms; unorganized German words with Mohawk illustrations. Preceded by 41 leaves, alphabetical index of German words, with references to pages where Mohawk equivalents are used.
Collection:Lexicon der Macquaischen Sprachen (Mss.497.33.P99)
Culture:
Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet
Yuchi includes: Euchee
Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho
Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac
Kwakwaka'wakw includes: Kwakiutl
Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Dakota includes: Dakȟóta
Catawba includes: Iswa
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Choctaw includes: Chahta
Catawba includes: Iswa
Date:1904-1950
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Cole, Fay-Cooper, 1881- | Gilmore, Melvin R. (Melvin Randolph), 1868-1940 | Haddon, Alfred C. (Alfred Cort), 1855-1940 | Edgerton, Franklin, 1885-1963 | Gusinde, Martin, 1886-1969 | Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Hiller, Wesley R. | Mooney, James, 1861-1921 | Nelson, Dorothy M. | Norton, Jeannette Young | Smith, Edgar F. (Edgar Fahs), 1854-1928 | Birket-Smith, Kaj, 1893-1977 | Ball, Carl | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Chase, Fannie S. | Cobb, Rodney Dale, 1907- | Dunnack, Henry E. | Field, Clark | La Rue, Mabel G: Myres, John Linton, Sir, 1869-1954 | Oak, Liston M., 1895-1970 | Staub, Peter | Wissler, Clark, 1870-1947 | Burgesse, J. Allan | Douglas, Frederic H. (Frederic Huntington), 1897-1956 | Raynolds, Frances R. | Eskew, James W. | Meier, Emil F. | Turner, Geoffrey
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Social life and customs | Hunting | Motifs | Specimens | Wampum | Material culture | Birch bark | Religion | Museums | Art | Masks | Basketry
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Bibliographies | Essays | Reports | Drafts | Maps
Extent:46 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's research and other professional activities. Items include Speck's notes taken during graduate work at Columbia University under Franz Boas, and utilized for his own anthropology courses at the University of Pennsylvania; Speck's miscellaneous notes comprising circa 500 bibliographic cards and reading notes sorted out by tribe and/or language, dealing with tribes and countries in which Speck did no field work [other entries of this type are to be found among the various groups of materials in the Speck collection, according to tribe]; correspondence concerning exhibits and specimens for the Chicago World's Fair and for the Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts in New York City; two letters from Boas regarding the work of the Committee on Research in Native American Languages; correspondence regarding topics such as the double-curve motif, family hunting areas, indigenous foods and cooking methods, wampum, silverwork, birch-bark technique, baskets, Speck's research and publications, the research and publications of others, obtaining indigenous material cultural specimens for Speck, purchases of indigenous material culture specimens (baskets, masks, etc.) from Speck, Speck's identification of items in the Pitt Rivers Museum at Oxford University, Speck's bibliography, and Speck's obituary; letters requesting copies of Speck's publications, or acknowledging the transmission of publications between Speck and others; copies and/or drafts of several of Speck's presentations and publications, including "Lectures on Primitive Religion," "Land Ownership Among Hunting Peoples in Primitive America and the World's Marginal Areas," "Review of Lowie's Introduction to Cultural Anthropology," and "The Double-Curve Motive in Northeastern Algonquian Art"; a bibliography of Speck's publications through 1942; rough drafts of miscellaneous papers, 1928-1948; Speck's notes on topics such as crane posture; Birket-Smith's 1946 "Plan for Circumpolar Research"; ten distribution maps for circumpolar culture traits, colored in with crayon to show distribution of traits including divination and miracle shamanism, sweat bath, turtle Atlas myth and world-tree concept, bone divination, bear veneration, curative power of mystic words and formulae, dog-ancestor myth, dog as soul leader, curvilinear patterns, and confession to cure taboo violation; and a prepublication manuscript of Hallowell's "The nature and function of property as a human institution" with additions and corrections.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Moche includes: Mochica
Contributor:Lounsbury, Floyd Glenn | Schaedel, Richard P. | Stark, Louisa R.:
Subject:Linguistics | Religion | Peru--History
Type:Text
Genre:Vocabularies | Notes
Description: The Yunga materials in the Lounsbury Papers are limited to a single set of notes in Series II. The correspondence in Series I includes Richard Schaedel's work on Yunga and Louisa Stark's study of the similarities between Yunga and Mayan languages.
Collection:Floyd G. Lounsbury Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.95)
Culture:
Date:1921, 1947, undated
Contributor:Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Simango, Columbus Kamba | Rumberger, Joseph Paul | Hunt, George
Subject:Linguistics | Mozambique--History | Food | Children | Crafts | Witchcraft | Religion | Death--Philosophy | Personal names | Marriage customs and rites | Games | Ethnography | Kinship | Music | Biography
Type:Text
Genre:Theses | Vocabularies | Notebooks | Stories | Songs | Illustrations | Sketches
Extent:218 p., ca. 1850 slips and 39 notebooks
Description: All Ndau materials in the ACLS collection are by C. Kamba Simango working with Franz Boas in the 1920s, or are derived from this. Three sets of texts (items AfBnd.4, AfBng.1 and AfBng.2) written by Simango describe topics including general home life, food, childrearing, marriage, religion and beliefs about death, and some autobiography. Some texts appear to have been later published as "Tales and Proverbs of the Vandau of Portuguese South Africa" (1922). The text items also include lexica, marginalia by Boas, a song, kinship terms and an illustration, and item AfBnd.4 "Texts on Ndau culture" also includes description of George Hunt's Kwak'wala language work. Item AfBnd.3 "Ndau lexica and ethnographic slips" contains ethnographic notes of mostly unidentified topics, but especially witchcraft, and 39 short notebooks of mostly Chindau lexica. The two main Chindau lexica (both "Chindau lexicon", items AfBnd.1 and AfBnd.2) total around 1700 slips. Zulu culture is also sporadically referenced in the above items. Finally, "An Analysis of Chindau, A Bantu Language of South East Africa" (item AfBnd.5) is an MA thesis by Joseph Rumberger derived from these materials. Boas published "Ethnographische Bemerkungen über die Vandau" in Zeitschrift Für Ethnologie 55(1), 1923 (in German) describing his work with Simango.
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)
Culture:
Language:German
Date:May 14, 1806
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Witchcraft | Tenskwatawa, Shawnee Prophet | Religion | Moravians | Missions
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:3 pages
Description: Photocopy of letter to Johanna Maria (Polly) Heckewelder. Original in Darlington Library, University of Pittsburgh. Mentions Shawano [Shawnee] Indian witchcraft proceedings, burning of Indian Tetepackki and one Joshua and his two sisters. Mentions Hackingponiskam and Indian girl Caritas.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder papers (Mss.B.H35)
Culture:
Date:ca. 1920s
Contributor:Simango, Columbus Kamba | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942
Subject:Death--Philosophy | Folklore | Ethnography | Religion | South Africa--History
Type:Text
Genre:Stories | Notebooks | Vocabularies
Extent:ca. 220 pages, 39 notebooks
Description: The Zulu material in the ACLS collection consists of brief references scattered throughout items AfBnd.3 and AfBnd.4, "Ndau lexica and ethnographic slips" and "Texts on Ndau culture" in the "Non-American and non-linguistic material" section of the finding aid. The extent and subjects of the Zulu material have not been fully evaluated, but they are believed to have come from Simango's knowledge, typically with reference to Ndau (Chindau).
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)