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Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Mandan includes: Nueta
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1816-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Social life and customs | Missions | Government relations | Religion | Place names | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:0.5 linear feet, circa 115 items
Description: Letters from Moravian missionary, historian, and linguist John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder, mostly to Peter Stephen du Ponceau with one to Caspar Wistar. Some of the replies from Du Ponceau are copied in the letter books of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder most frequently wrote of the publications he was working on or revising, particularly his Account of the Indian nations (1819), Narrative (1820), Heckewelder (1821), a Mohican (Mohegan) vocabulary, remarks on a Swedish-Delaware vocabulary, etc., some of which were to be published or republished by the American Philosophical Society. Many letters thus revolve around the research, writing, and publishing processes, including Heckewelder's responses to du Ponceau's edits and suggestions; his own edits, additions, lists of errors, etc.; his concern that errors by the typesetter could bring criticism on linguistic portions; new information and discoveries, such as the finding of a Maqua (Haudenosaunee) manuscript in the Moravian Archives; negative reviews and criticisms of his work, like an objectionable review in the North American Review (1819), a review in the Westchester Village Record disputing the role of Delaware as women, and William Darby's disagreement about Heckewelder's account of the killing of Native people by Williamson and his men; more positive responses to his work, like an honorary membership in the Massachusetts Peace Society for his Account (1819); translation of his work into German and other languages; and his insistence that the American Philosophical Society imprimatur appear on the title page, because as a Moravian he could not publish anything on his own relating to the Society of the United Brethren. Heckewelder repeatedly touched on Native languages and matters of linguistics: among other things, he referred to the Native vocabularies he himself had collected; a Swedish-Delaware catechism and dispute over "r" or "l" sound; difficulties in hearing Indian languages properly; difficulties in writing Native American languages; comparisons between his own findings and linguistic materials and scholarship published by others (of whom he was often critical); several examples of Delaware or Lenape words, roots, paradigms, gender, usage, etc.; and comparions of Delaware to other Native languages like Ojibwe, Shawnee, Natick, and Narragansett. Heckewelder's letters reveal him to be well-read and immersed in a network of similarly-minded scholars trading information and forwarding books and articles. Specific works by others mentioned include the Steiner article in Columbian Magazine (September 1789); a Pickering-Du Ponceau Dencke's version of St. John's Epistles in Delaware; Zeisberger's Bible translation and Life of Christ; Poulson's paper relating Welsh to Powhatan (which Heckewelder deems incorrect on the basis that Powhatan was Delaware); Pickering's essay on a uniform Orthography and spelling; Eliot's Bible translation; a paper by Zeisberger on Delaware being made men again (#865) and Zeisberger's replies (#341) to 23 queries of Barton (#1636); Loskiel's history (Heckewelder notes general verification in Loskiel for specific incidents and believes that the absence of certain incidents in Loskiel's history is the result of missionary discretion); works by Barton (he criticizes Barton for seeking speedy answers to questions of Indian origins, and for thinking Delaware and Iroquois related); and various publications of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder also wrote about "Indian affairs" such as the Jefferson-Cresap dispute (over Logan speech and affair); Benton's resolution concerning the Christian Indians and Moravian land; the speech of a Delaware at Detroit, 1781; and Heckewelder's role in the Washington City Society for Civilizing the Indians. Ethnographic topics include Native American names, place names, childbirth, swimming, friendship, treatment of captives, derivation of "papoose," names of trees and rivers, and various anecdotes. Other individuals mentioned include Rev. Schulz, Butrick, Colonel Arent Schyler De Peyster, Captain Pipe, Vater, Hesse, Gambold, John Vaughan, Charles Thomson, Thomas Jefferson, Deborah Norris Logan, Mitchill, Daniel Drake, Abraham Steiner, Noah Webster du Ponceau's brother, etc. Heckewelder's letter to Wistar regarding the Naked Bear traditions was printed (except last paragraph) in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1: 363.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (Mss.497.3.H35o)
Culture:
Hupa includes: Natinixwe, Na:tinixwe, Natinook-wa, Na:tini-xwe, Hoopa
Date:1901-1908, 1923, 1927
Contributor:Goddard, Pliny Earle, 1869-1928 | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939
Subject:Architecture | California--History | Ethnography | Linguistics | Material culture | Personal names | Place names | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs | Warfare
Type:Text | Cartographic
Genre:Field notes | Grammars | Notebooks | Sketches | Maps
Extent:40 notebooks, 80 loose pages, approximately 5,000 slips, and 11 folders
Description: The Hupa materials in the ACLS collection consist of a very large amount of linguistic material, located primarily in the "Hupa" section of the finding aid. There are two main sets of material. The earliest materials are two sets notebooks, numbering around 29 notebooks altogether, recorded by Goddard in 1901-1908 (items Na.3 and Na20a.2). These include texts with interlinear translations, historical accounts, vocabulary lists, grammatical notes, and ethnographic notes. Pome, Kato, Wailaki, Sinkyone, Tolowa, and Nongatl. There is also a large body of materials recorded by Sapir in the 1920s (items Na20a.4 and Na20a.5), consisting of 11 notebooks with texts, interlinear translation, and other linguistic notes; a lexical file containing 5000+ word slips, derived from the texts in the field notebooks; and 11 folders of typed-up ethnographic notes on myths, doctors and medicine, birth, puberty, marriage and death, omens, material culture, villages and houses, names, cosmography and geography; warfare. Images include a map of Humboldt County, California and pencil sketches of decorative patterns.
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)
Culture:
Zulu includes: AmaZulu
Nak'waxda'xw includes: Nakoaktok, Nakwoktak, Nakwaxda'xw
Namgis includes: Nimkish, Nimpkish
Kwakwaka'wakw includes: Kwakiutl
K'ómoks includes: Comox
Dzawada'enuxw includes: Tsawataineuk
Gusgimukw includes: Koskimo
Heiltsuk includes: Bella Bella, Haíɫzaqv
Gwatsinuxw includes: Quatsino
Date:1893-1951
Contributor:Homiskanis, Lucy | Francine, Tsukwani | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Hunt, George | Averkieva, Julia | Bryan, Ruth | Leechman, J. D. (John Douglas), 1890- | Smith, Marian W. (Marian Wesley), 1907-1961 | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Teit, James Alexander, 1864-1922 | Yampolsky, Helene
Subject:Architecture | British Columbia--History | Ethnography | Fishing | Food | Games | Human remains | Hunting | Kinship | Linguistics | Marriage customs and rites | Material culture | Medicine | Museum objects | Music | Orthography and spelling | Personal names | Place names | Religion | Rites and ceremonies | Skulls | Social life and customs
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Autobiographies | Correspondence | Field notes | Dictionaries | Genealogies | Grammars | Maps | Musical scores | Notebooks | Photographs | Songs | Speeches | Transcripts | Vocabularies
Extent:Approx. 10,000 loose pages, 10 notebooks, 7000+ cards, 10+ maps
Description: The Kwakwaka'wakw materials in the ACLS collection are located predominantly in the "Kwakiutl" section of the finding aid, which contains a full listing of all materials (other relevant sections are "Northwest Coast", "Bella Bella (Heitsuk)", and item AfBnd.4 in "Non-American and non-linguistic material"). Some of the larger individual sets of materials listed within this section also have their own specific tables of contents (available upon request) detailing their often highly diverse contents. Overall, the vast majority of the material is made of of 1) manuscripts sent to Boas by George Hunt from the 1890s to the 1930s, frequently in both Kwak'wala and English, covering a very broad range of Kwakwaka'wakw history, culture, languages, customs, and traditions; and 2) field work materials recorded by Boas and Boas' own analyses of material sent by Hunt, covering a similar range of topics. Additional materials by other individuals focus especially on linguistic and ethnographic matters. Also see the guide entry "Kwakiutl materials, Franz Boas Papers" for information on the correspondence between Boas and Hunt, which gives additional context to the materials in the ACLS collection.
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)
Culture:
Nipmuc includes: Nipmuck
Language:English
Date:1926-1942
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | New England--History | Massachusetts--History | Place names | Basketry | Social life and customs | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Correspondence | Newspaper clippings
Extent:1 folder
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Nipmuc language, history, and culture. Includes 3 pages concerning place and family names; a letter from Mrs. Ruth Allen, Medfield, Massachusetts, to Speck, concerning baskets owned by her family and transmitting 3 pages of extracts from printed works concerning Medfield and letters from Sarah M. Cisco Sullivan (Nipmuc) (Grafton, Massachusetts, Indian Reservation) concerning social activities, family news, place name data, historical data, etc. Images note: Newspaper clipping photographs of last survivor of the Nipmucs.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Tla-o-qui-aht includes: Clayoquot
Ucluelet includes: Yuułuʔiłʔatḥ
Nuu-chah-nulth includes: Nootka, Nutka, Aht, Westcoast
Pentlatch includes: Puntlatch, Puntledge
Kyuquot includes: Ka:'yu:'k't'h'
K'ómoks includes: Comox
Hupacasath includes: Hupač̓asatḥ, Opetchesaht
Cheklesahht includes: Che:k:tles7et'h'
Language:English | Nuu-chah-nulth
Date:1895-1952 (bulk 1910-1914, 1931-1935)
Contributor:Andrade, Manuel José, 1885-1941 | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Bob, Tyee | Hunt, George | George, Hamilton | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Sayachapis, Tom | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | William
Subject:Architecture | British Columbia--History | Folklore | Linguistics | Music | Orthography and spelling | Personal names | Place names | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Dissertations | Drawings | Essays | Grammars | Maps | Musical scores | Notes | Photographs | Songs | Stories | Vocabularies
Extent:5600+ loose pages, 66,000+ slips, 29 notebooks
Description: The Nuu-chah-nulth materials in the ACLS collection consist of a large body of various materials primarily collected by Franz Boas, Edward Sapir, George Hunt, and Morris Swadesh. The majority of the content pertains to Hupacasath and Tseshaht people in the Alberni Valley area, with the exception of the Hunt materials, which were recorded in the Yuquot area, Mowachaht territory. All of these materials are found in the "Nootka" section of the finding aid, which contains a full, detailed listing. The Boas materials consist of a lexicon of 1500+ word slips dating from the 1890s (item W2a.3). Hunt's "Nootka Tales" (item W2a.5) consist of large body of traditional stories written in English and later typed up by Sapir with additional notes. Sapir's materials comprise the bulk of this section overall. See especially his extremely voluminous "Miscellaneous Nootka material" (item W2a.18), the final item in the "Nootka" section, for which a detailed table of contents is available upon request. This set of materials includes 24 field notebooks with extensive stories (some unpublished or untranslated) and ethnographic notes, as well of 80 folders of typed up notes from the notebooks, arranged into categories. It also includes some photographs, censuses of Nuu-chah-nulth "bands" (1920-1921), and 10 folders notes derived by Sapir (and Swadesh?) from "NW Coast Sources and Archives," pertaining to the region more broadly, including information on Coast Salish culture and history. Finally, Swadesh's materials in this section include some additional ethnographic and linguistic field work, as well as extensive bodies of linguistic analysis of materials recorded by Sapir and himself. Brief passages on Comox and Pentlatch in Sapir's notes in loose folders. Detailed guide available upon request.
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)
Culture:
Language:Umatilla | Walla Walla | Yakama | English | Tenino | Nez Perce | Cayuse | Columbia-Wenatchi | Molala
Date:ca. 1953-1969
Contributor:Jones, Vera | Spino, Inez | Williams, Joe | Barnhart, Alice | Slickpoo, Sam | Rigsby, Bruce | Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome), 1912- | McKay, Charles | Pond, Walter | Saluskin, Alex | Joe, Annie | Williams, Charlie | Walsh, Ed (Edward Joseph) | Winishut, Linton | Winishut, Eva | Thompson, Flora | Sohappy, Frank | Yelkes, Fred | Nanamkin, George | Conner, Gilbert | Thompson, Henry | Spino, Lillian | Shawaway, Minnie | Joe, Susie | Mitchell, Louis | Peters, May | Tias, Oswald | Guyer, Philip | Sturgis, Sam | Andrews, Tom | George, Victor | Burke, Winnie | Minthorn, Mamie | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Umtuch, Donald
Subject:Personal names | Oregon--History | Washington (State)--History | Idaho--History | Animals | Plants | Botany | Place names | Biography | Kinship | Food
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Biographies | Elicitation sessions | Field notes | Personal names | Place names | Vocabularies | Oral histories | Stories | Grammars
Extent:2 reels; 18 notebooks and ca. 380 loose pages
Description: Fieldnotes across the Plateau region, especially in Pendleton OR (near the Umatilla Reservation), Nespelem WA (in the Colville Reservation), and Toppenish WA (Yakama Reservation), between 1963 and 1969, supplemented by materials collected from other recent secondary sources. Copies held by the APS were privately microfilmed by Bruce Rigsby; the APS does not possess the originals. Notebooks 1-8 mostly represent work at and around the Umatilla Reservation in 1963, and notebooks 9-18 were recorded mostly near the Colville and Yakama reservations, 1964 onwards. The notebooks contain elicited lexica, with some texts, and details on the knowledge and use of languages by specific individuals. The loose notes at the end are mostly texts. A full inventory of the notebooks and notes, with individual contributor, place and language information, is in the collection finding aid.
Collection:Sahaptin field notes (Mss.Film.1261)
Culture:
Whilkut includes: Redwood Creek, Mad River
Date:1907
Contributor:Goddard, Pliny Earle, 1869-1928
Subject:Personal names | Place names | California--History
Type:Text
Extent:7 notebooks
Description: The Whilkut materials in the ACLS collection consist of a set of 7 notebooks from 1907 recorded at Redwood Creek. Includes texts with occasional interlinear translations. Subjects include names of tribes, village locations, etc. This material is found in the "Whilkut" section of the finding aid, item Na.20j.1, "Whilkut field notes".
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)