Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: These items include notes on "primitive economics" (Incan) for A. Irving Hallowell and from seminars with Linton Satterthwaite (on Mayan architecture), E. B. Howard (on problems of the Clovis site in New Mexico), and others at the University of Pennsylvania. There are also notes taken at the 1936 meeting of the American Anthropological Association of papers by various anthropologists in attendance, including Ruth Benedict, Frederica de Laguna, Waiter Dyk, William N. Fenton, Alfred V. Kidder, David G. Mandelbaum, George P. Murdock, Arthur C. Parker, Elsie Clews Parsons, Gladys A. Reichard, William A. Ritchie, Linton Satterthwaite, Gene Weltfish, and others regarding Cree, Flathead, Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), Kaingang (Southern Brazil), Kiowa, Mayan, Natchez, Navajo, Ojibwa, Pawnee, Pueblos, Sahaptin, Saulteaux, Siouan, Tarascan, Tonawanda (Seneca), Zuni, etc.

Collection:Ernestine H. Wieder Singer notes (Mss.970.1.Si6)

Go to the collection

Plains materials in Lewis and Clark Journals

Culture:

Walla Walla includes: Waluulapam, Natítayt

Wishram includes: Wasco-Wishram

Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe

Séliš includes: Salish, Flathead

Osage includes: 𐓁𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰͘

Omaha includes: Umoⁿhoⁿ

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu

Mandan includes: Nueta

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Lakota

Kiowa includes: Ka'igwu

Hidatsa includes: Hiratsa, Hiraacá, Gros Ventre, Minnetaree

Dakota includes: Dakȟóta

Cheyenne

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Crow includes: Apsáalooke, Absaroka

Chinook

Blackfeet includes: Blackfoot, Niitsítapi, Siksika, Siksikaitsitapi

Arapaho includes: Arapahoe

Arikara includes: Sahnish, Arikaree, Hundi

Aaniiih includes: A'aninin, Atsina, Gros Ventre

Assiniboine includes: Assiniboin, Nakoda, Hohe, Nakota

Language:English

Date:1804-1806

Type:Text

Genre:Journals | Notes | Correspondence

Extent:6 red morocco book; 80 pages; 3 notebooks; 1 volume;

Description: The Plains materials in the Lewis and Clark journals includes observations on the Arikaras, Assiniboines, Blackfoot, Mandan, Minnetaree, Shoshoni, Blackfoot, Flathead-Tushepaw, Dakota Sioux, Mandan, and Minnetaree, Otos, Sauks, Iowa, Kansas, Kickapoo, Missouri, Omaha, Osage, Pawnees, Ponca, Sioux, Cheyenne (Arapaho), Arikara, Blackfoot, Crow, Kansas, Kiowa, Sioux, Yankton, Memacarjo, Teton, Waupatone, Cascarba, Sisseton, Waupacootar, Hoindeborto, Tecarton, Newastarton, Micacuopsiba, and Siouan, Minnetaree (Gros Ventre), Shoshoni, Assiniboine, Teton Sioux, Mandan, Hidatsa, Showhoni, Arikara, Castahan, Crow, Flathead (Tushepaw), Ootlashoot. The correspondence includes Two letters of Lewis to Jefferson at conclusion of expedition. Replies to questions 6, 7, and 8 concerning Place names and measurement of time and distance; Indian songs. Probably an enclosure in Clark to Biddle, December 7, 1810, printed in Jackson (1962m): 562-564. For Biddle queries see Jackson (1962): 550-554. Mentions Snake, Shoshoni, Castahana, Nemison, Crow or Arpsarrozah, Maw or Pashapalorah. Refers to Indians of Missouri River only: Kanzes, Oto, Missouri, Ponca, Panias (Loups, Republicans), Mahars, Ricares, Mandan, Minetares, Maharha, Ayhawies, Saukes and Reynards, Assiniboine, Christinoes, Cheyenne, Cannarwesh. Mentions Snake Indians. 24 tribes are listed with population, trade, language, and character information included in parallel columns: Osage, Kansas, Otto, Panias, Mahas, Poncaro, Ricaras, Mandans, Ahwahhawa, Minnetaree, Iowa, Saukie; Sioux (Wahparton, Mindawarcarton, Wahpacta, Sissatoni, Yankton, Yankton ah nah, Teton, Teton O Kandandas, Teton Minzarkine, Teton sah one.) Indian tribes mentioned: Cataka, Castahana, Anauawa, Mahar, Sharah-Cheyenne, Ricares, Panias (Loups, Republicans), Padoucas, Cayauwas, Wetapato, Cannavich, Stateton. Mentions Arikara, Gros Ventres, Mandan, Marhaha, Minnetaree, Sioux, and Teton in diary.Arikara (Beuffles de Medecine lodge), Aunahhow or Aunerhoo, Nootarwau, Toowarsar, Tohpahcass, Weheskeu, Wetersoon, (Hidatsa), Arapaho, Assiniboine, Cheyenne, Chippewa, Cree, Crow, Fox, Paduca, Pawnee, Sioux (Sisseton, Teton), Mandan, Minnetaree (Gros Ventre), Shoshoni. Includes list of nations who trade with Arikaras: Aunerhoo, Nootarwau, Toowarsar, Tohpahcass, Weheeskeu-chien, Kunnanarwesh (Arapaho), Tochewahcoo (Fox), Cattarkah (Paducar), Kiewah, Sharhachien. Discusses Arikara, Cheyenne, Comanche, Crow, Kansas, Kickapoo, Mandan, Minnetaree, Omaha, Osage, Dakota, and Teton and Yankton Sioux. Includes list of Crow bands: Shiptahcha, Apsharookee (Absaroka). Also Ecupscuppeah (Tushepaw band) together with locations. Draft list of Western Indians and their locations in Summary of Rivers (Codex N:128-142): Chillatehokle, Potoash, Queets (Quaitson), Pailish, Chiltz, Clamoitomicks, Quinechart, Kilamox. Tribes noted: Ahaharopinopah (Crow band), Alabama, Atacapa, Biloxi, Blood, Cadoquies, Cahokia, Castapanas, Cataka (Haka, Catteka), Cattanahaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, Choketartowomb, Conchates, Creek, Dotames (Dotama, a Paduca group), Ehartsar (Crow band), Esahatenketarpar (Teton Sioux), Hahahartone (Yankton Sioux), Honetaparteen (Yankton, also Honetaparteenwas), Kaskaskia, Keenkesah (Mindawarcarton Sioux), Lalplay (group of Alitan-Snake), Mahtahton (Sioux), Manetopar (Assiniboine-Band lar Gru), Menesharne (Teton Sioux), Miahkeejocksah (Wahpocoota Sioux), Nacota Mahtopanarto (Assiniboine) and Nacota Oseegah, Natchez (Chitemacha), Nemousin (see also Kiowa, Staeton), Noota (Crow band), Otaharton (Wahpatone Sioux), Ozash (Teton Sioux), Pareescar (Crow), Peoria Sahonehontaparpar (Teton Sioux), Sahown (Teton Sioux), Sheo (Teton Sioux), Sosobubar and Sosona (Shoshoni tribe), Tackchandessechar (Sioux-Teton), Tarcoimboto (Yankton Sioux), Tarcoehparh (Teton), Tintahton (Mindawarcarton Sioux), Touincas, Wauneewackataonelar (Teton), Warchinktarhe (Teton), Wetapahatoes and Kiowa (branch of Padouca?), Zaartar (Yankton).Ethnographic materials include a list of natural history specimens sent on November 16, 1805, to the American Philosophical Society by Captain Lewis. 2 pages, copy of Lewis to Jefferson, March 5, 1805, Fort Mandan. Answers written at Fort Mandan to queries concerning Indian land ownership, trade, cultivation, mode of life, mode of taking game, mode of warfare, origins, burial customs, houses, superstitions, modes of punishment, trade, treatment of whites. Data arranged in tabular form with diary observations arranged in one column, 28 pages. Ledger entries comment on plants, giving Kickapoo and Chippewa plant names; 10 pages dated 1800. Ancient fortification on BonHomme Island, the original draft of which is to be found on reverse of Clark's estimate of the western Indians. Mentions Salteaux, Sioux, Mandan, Assiniboine, Oto, Maha, Ponca, Shivitans, Crows, Caneenawees, Shayehn. Printed, Quaife (1916a). See also Jackson (1962): 155-156 for further data. A list of the names of the different nations and tribes of Indians...expressive of the names, languages, numbers, trade, water courses. A large chart listing 72 tribes with parallel columns giving various data. On reverse side only tribes 1-52 are considered, as remainder are Louisiana tribes rather than Missouri and Rocky Mountain Indians. A draft of the "Statistical Estimate..." printed as part of Thomas Jefferson, Message of the President...(February 17, 1806): 9-47. Geographic materials include An account of location of tributaries of the Missouri above Fort Mandan prepared in 1805. This draft appears to antedate the fuller statement in Codex O: 117-128, and supplements the "Summary Statement of the Rivers and Creeks." A lengthy description and list of distances of tributaries of the Missouri from St. Charles to Fort Mandan; an earlier version of the formal statement in Codex O: 69-116 by Lewis. Early draft of Summary Statement of Rivers..."A Summary View of the Rivers and Creeks," pages 69-128; mentions old villages of Missouri and Kansas; recommends trading posts for Oto, Missouri, Poncaras, Panies (Proper, Republican, and Loups), Mahas, Yankton Ahnahs. Mentions Yankton, Sisseton, and Teton Sioux as well as Minnetarees, Mandans, and Ahwahharwas. Pages 116-128 based on Indian information; mentions Flatheads. Probably composed at Fort Mandan, 1804-1805. A translation extracted from journal of James MacKay describing trade route through Lake Superior to the Grand Portage; recording stay with Mandans, Manitouris, and Wattassons in 1797. Includes extract of journal of John Evans, 1796, who visited the Arikaras. Notes by John Hay and his "Description of the route from Mackinac to the Grand Portage," etc., taken by him in 1794.

Collection:Lewis and Clark Journals (Mss.917.3.L58)

Go to the collection

Sahaptin field notes

Culture:

Walla Walla includes: Waluulapam, Natítayt

Yakama includes: Yakima

Umatilla includes: Natítayt

Tayx

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Molala includes: Molalla, Molale

Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu

Colville includes: sx̌ʷyʔiɬpx

Date:ca. 1953-1969

Type:Text

Extent:2 reels; 18 notebooks and ca. 380 loose pages

Description: Fieldnotes across the Plateau region, especially in Pendleton OR (near the Umatilla Reservation), Nespelem WA (in the Colville Reservation), and Toppenish WA (Yakama Reservation), between 1963 and 1969, supplemented by materials collected from other recent secondary sources. Copies held by the APS were privately microfilmed by Bruce Rigsby; the APS does not possess the originals. Notebooks 1-8 mostly represent work at and around the Umatilla Reservation in 1963, and notebooks 9-18 were recorded mostly near the Colville and Yakama reservations, 1964 onwards. The notebooks contain elicited lexica, with some texts, and details on the knowledge and use of languages by specific individuals. The loose notes at the end are mostly texts. A full inventory of the notebooks and notes, with individual contributor, place and language information, is in the collection finding aid.

Collection:Sahaptin field notes (Mss.Film.1261)

Go to the collection

Sahaptin materials C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Language:English

Date:Undated

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Penutian languages | Shahaptin languages

Type:Text

Genre:Notes

Extent:1 folder

Description: One item relating to Sahaptin languages has been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. It consists of a Sahaptin folder in Subcollection II, Series II. Research Notes, Subseries VI. Penutian, including Mayan and Zoque.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

Go to the collection

Sahaptin materials, Harvey Pitkin Papers

Culture:

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Language:Nez Perce | English

Date:1955

Contributor:Pitkin, Harvey | Jacobs, Melville, 1902-1971 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Vocabularies | Inventories

Description: The Sahaptin materials in the Harvey Pitkin Papers include just three items. A Nez Perce and Northern Sahaptin comparison, a word list, and Morris Swadesh's work on the language are located in Subcollection II, Series 2; Subseries 5.

Collection:Harvey Pitkin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.78)

Go to the collection

Sahaptin materials, Phillips Fund Collection

Culture:

Walla Walla includes: Waluulapam, Natítayt

Yakama includes: Yakima

Tayx

Umatilla includes: Natítayt

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Language:English | Umatilla | Walla Walla | Yakama

Date:1966, 1988

Contributor:Hunn, Eugene | Jacobs, Melville, 1902-1971 | Rigsby, Bruce | Sturgis, Sam | Winishut, Linton

Type:Text

Genre:Field notes | Dictionaries | Reports | Stories | Vocabularies

Extent:158 pages

Description: The Sahaptin materials in the Phillips Fund collection consist of 4 items. Materials in this collection are listed alphabetically by last name of author. See materials listed under Hunn and Rigsby. The Hunn material consists of a typeset manuscript draft "Plateau Place names"; copy of fieldnotes; Sahaptin place name transcriptions, with information about itinerary, along Columbia River, Oregon. Rigsby's materials consist of 3 items: "A Short Practical Dictionary of the Yakima Sahaptin Language," which includes a history of language documentation, notes about orthography, and a ca.670-item lexicon; "Report on 1966 Sahaptin Linguistic Field Research"; and "Yakama Sahaptin texts," containing 4 stories modified from Melville Jacobs' "Northwest Sahaptin Texts, Part II."

Collection:Phillips Fund for Native American Research Collection (Mss.497.3.Am4)

Go to the collection

Sahaptin materials, Virginia D. Hymes Papers

Culture:

Tenino

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Language:Tenino | English

Date:1950s-1980s, bulk 1970s-1980s

Type:Text

Extent:10 linear feet

Description: The majority of the Virginia D. Hymes Papers relate to her work on the Warm Springs Reservation. This includes all or most of Series I, II, III and V. Series V (Card Files) contains around 35000 lexical files compiled by Hymes as well as David and Kay French and an unidentified researcher. Series III (Research Files) contains fieldnotes, texts and dictionary files. Series I (Correspondence) and IV (Works by Others) also mostly relate to Sahaptin research by others, including Bruce Rigsby (Yakima and Umatilla Sahaptin), Virginia Beavert, and Eugene Hunn.

Collection:Virginia D. Hymes Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.189)