Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Meskwaki materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Language:English

Date:Undated

Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950

Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | Rites and ceremonies

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Questionnaires | Bibliographies

Extent:1 folder

Description: Items titled "Fox ceremonies." Includes a two-page questionnaire (not filled out) and a one-page bibliographical note to Jones (1907--most likely Fox Texts, Volume I).

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Miscellaneous materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet

Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian

Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki

Tunica

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho

Maya

Nanticoke

Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac

Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie

Kwakwaka'wakw includes: Kwakiutl

Klamath

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer

Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Cheyenne

Cherokee

Creek

Choctaw includes: Chahta

Catawba includes: Iswa

Dakota includes: Dakȟóta

Chinook

Chitimacha

Catawba includes: Iswa

Chickahominy

Language:English | German

Date:1904-1950

Type:Text

Extent:46 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's research and other professional activities. Items include Speck's notes taken during graduate work at Columbia University under Franz Boas, and utilized for his own anthropology courses at the University of Pennsylvania; Speck's miscellaneous notes comprising circa 500 bibliographic cards and reading notes sorted out by tribe and/or language, dealing with tribes and countries in which Speck did no field work [other entries of this type are to be found among the various groups of materials in the Speck collection, according to tribe]; correspondence concerning exhibits and specimens for the Chicago World's Fair and for the Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts in New York City; two letters from Boas regarding the work of the Committee on Research in Native American Languages; correspondence regarding topics such as the double-curve motif, family hunting areas, indigenous foods and cooking methods, wampum, silverwork, birch-bark technique, baskets, Speck's research and publications, the research and publications of others, obtaining indigenous material cultural specimens for Speck, purchases of indigenous material culture specimens (baskets, masks, etc.) from Speck, Speck's identification of items in the Pitt Rivers Museum at Oxford University, Speck's bibliography, and Speck's obituary; letters requesting copies of Speck's publications, or acknowledging the transmission of publications between Speck and others; copies and/or drafts of several of Speck's presentations and publications, including "Lectures on Primitive Religion," "Land Ownership Among Hunting Peoples in Primitive America and the World's Marginal Areas," "Review of Lowie's Introduction to Cultural Anthropology," and "The Double-Curve Motive in Northeastern Algonquian Art"; a bibliography of Speck's publications through 1942; rough drafts of miscellaneous papers, 1928-1948; Speck's notes on topics such as crane posture; Birket-Smith's 1946 "Plan for Circumpolar Research"; ten distribution maps for circumpolar culture traits, colored in with crayon to show distribution of traits including divination and miracle shamanism, sweat bath, turtle Atlas myth and world-tree concept, bone divination, bear veneration, curative power of mystic words and formulae, dog-ancestor myth, dog as soul leader, curvilinear patterns, and confession to cure taboo violation; and a prepublication manuscript of Hallowell's "The nature and function of property as a human institution" with additions and corrections.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Ojibwe materials, Alfred Irving Hallowell Papers

Culture:

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Language:English | Chippewa | Ojibwa, Northwestern

Date:1932-1949

Type:Text | Cartographic | Still Image

Description: The Ojibwe materials in the A. Irving Hallowell Papers are extensive. Hallowell focused on three regions of Ojibwe territory: Berens River in north, central Canada (Pikangikum, Pauingassi, Poplar River; Little Grand Rapids First Nations) and Lac du Flambeau in Wisconsin. Hallowell was particularly interested in psychological anthropology. Both the Berens River and Lac du Flambeau materials in Series V, for example, includes ethnographic information on taboos, incest regulations, Rorschach tests, dreams, and acculturation. Hallowell's interests in traditional knowledge are represented by descriptions of the practice of the Midewiwin religion; traditional stories about Wisakedjak and Tcakabec/Chakabesh, Memegwesiug, Windigos, and Thunderbirds. Of particular interest in the Lac du Flambeau materials are hundred of pages of family biographies in Series V and photographs with the names of community members in Series VI, Subseries B. Of particular interest in the Berens River materials are maps of traditional hunting grounds, a diagram of Ojibwe cosmology, an autobiography by Hallowell's collaborator Chief William Berens, 29 folders of "Saulteaux Indians--Myths and Tales" all in Series V. There are hundreds of photographs from the region, with many community members identified, and all digitized, in Series VI, Subseries A. The correspondence, in Series I, includes Robert Ritzenhaler's description of a shaking tent ceremony by Ojibwe in Wisconsin; a detailed account of Joseph Fiddler's trial for murdering a windigo in the folder labled Royal Canadian Mounted Police; papers sent by Morton Teicher detailing incidents of windigo in Canada (50+ pages); a letter from Frances Densmore describing a shaking tent ceremony; and several letters from Chief William Berens providing information about Ojibwe people in the photographs in Series VI.

Collection:Alfred Irving Hallowell Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.26)

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Shawnee materials, Frank Siebert Papers

Culture:

Shawnee

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Date:1935-1987

Contributor:Pearson, Bruce L., 1932- | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Ballard, W. L. | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988

Subject:Linguistics | Economics | Place names | Ethnography

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Essays | Bibliographies | Vocabularies | Grammars

Description: The Shawnee material in the Siebert Papers consist primarily of ethnographic and linguistic materials. Siebert's research can be found in Series V. Research done by C.F. Voeglin and Erminie Wheeler-Voeglin is located in Series IV and VII.

Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)

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Wampanoag materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Wampanoag includes: Wôpanâak

Narragansett

Mashpee includes: Mattachiest, Cummaquid

Language:English

Date:1923-1928 and undated

Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Bever, Marion G. | Perry, Leroy C. | Hammett, Frederick S. (Frederick Simonds), 1885- | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys

Subject:New England--History | Massachusetts--History | Archaeology | Social life and customs | Politics and government

Type:Text

Extent:2 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of the peoples now often known collectively as Wampanoag, but who once comprised several tribal entities living in eastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, including Cape Cod (the Nauset) and islands such as Martha's Vineyard (the Aquinnah or Gay Head Indians). In Subcollection I, Series I, see item II(4B9c), "Mistassini Band -- c. Field Notes," which contains notes, some by Gladys Tantaquidgeon concerning "Gay Head Indians." In this same series, see item III(14D11) "Wampanoag miscellaneous notes," which includes one postal card from Uncle Al to Speck, concerning an island; a letter from Rachelle T. Ryan to Speck reserving a cottage at Gay Head; Frederick S. Hammett (Wistar Institute) to Speck concerning his archaeological find at North Truro, Massachusetts; and a four-page letter from Chief Leroy C. Perry (Ousamequin or Yellow Feather, Wampanoag) concerning tribal and intertribal social activities. Item III(14D17), "Pennacook miscellaneous notes" contains a notebook with information on Wampanoag of Martha's Vineyard and Cape Cod areas, incuding genealogical and population notes. In Series I, Series II, see correspondence with Marion G. Bever. Finally, see the "Wampanoag" folder in Subcollection I, Series III, which contains 6 photographs. In Subcollection I, Series IV, there is one lantern slide of Mashpee Indians. In Series V, see the map "Maine, New England, Eastern Canada."

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Wintu materials, Harvey Pitkin Papers

Culture:

Wintu includes: Northern Wintun

Takelma includes: Rogue River

Patwin includes: Southern Wintun

Maya

Miwok

Klamath

Date:1888-1953

Type:Still Image | Text | Sound recording

Description: The Wintu materials in the Harvey Pitkin Papers are extensive. Subcollection I, Series I, contains notes, notebooks, vocabularies, slip files, texts, manuscripts and phonetic tracings by Jeremiah Curtin in the late 19th century, Roland Dixon, and A.M. Halpern. Series I-B contains Pitkin's grammar slip files and vocabularies collected by Curtin. Series I-C includes Jaime de Angulo's manuscript on the Patwin language, S.A. Barrett's transcriptions and translations of speech and song recordings, Radin's "Grammatical Sketch" and Waterman's notes on Patwin phonetics. Series II-A is rich in materials collected by A.L. Krober. In Subcollection II, Pitkin's field notes are located in Series 2, Subseries 1. Subseries 2 includes Pitkin's extensive notes on his Wintu dictionary, grammar, texts, stories, and music. The manuscript of the dictionary is located in Subseries 3. There is an unpublished 416 page manuscript of stories written in both English and Wintu, songs, and transcriptions in Subseries 4. This section also includes copies of all the extant linguistic material with works by noted linguists such as Curtin, Albert Gatschet, Radin, Halpern, Morris Swadesh, Victor Golla, and J.P. Harrington. Series 6 is comprised of card file slips with comparative analyses by Pitkin of the four languages of the Wintun family.

Collection:Harvey Pitkin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.78)

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Yuman materials, James M. Crawford Papers

Culture:

Yavapai

Piipaash includes: Maricopa

Kumeyaay includes: Kumiai, Diegueño, Kamia, Tipai-Ipai

Chimariko

Cocopah includes: Cocopa, Cucapáh, Cucapá, Kwapa, Kwii Capáy

Language:English | Cocopa | Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai

Date:circa 1962-1988

Contributor:Crawford, James M. (James Mack), 1925-1989

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Arizona--History | Yuman languages

Type:Text

Extent:10 folders

Description: Materials relating to James Crawford's research specifically on the Yuman languages as a whole. The materials described here are all of Series III-C and all of Series IV-C. Items in Series III-C. Works by Crawford—Yuman include "Account of Reconnaissance Among Several Languages of the Yuman Family in Arizona" [1962], a typed narrative of a research trip including itinerary, names of people, and many personal and ethnographic observations, but focusing on finding language consultants for Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai, Maricopa, and Cocopa and mentions Jimmie Yazzi, Willie Walker, Elmer Watahomigie, Lorenzo Sinyella, “Old Man” Sinyella, William Littlejim, Ernest Larson, etc., (and also describes a surprise encounter with Carl Voegelin where Crawford learned that graduate students at Indiana were already working on Havasupai, Yavapai, and Walapai and heard Voegelin expound on the merits of tape recorders in linguistic work); "Bibliography of the Tribes and Languages of the Yuman Family" [n.d.], one page of handwritten notes and a 45-page typed document compiled largely from George Peter Murdock's “Ethnographic Bibliography of North America” (1950); notes, drafts, and page proofs of Crawford's review of Cochimi and Proto-Yuman: Lexical and Syntactic Evidence for a New Language Family in Lower California by Mauricio J. Mixco—Review [1980]; handwritten notes, edited drafts, and page proofs of Crawford's essay "A Comparison of Chimariko and Yuman" [1976]; a typed copy, handwritten notes, and other materials (including homework exercises and a preliminary draft) relating to Crawford's "Proto-Yuman: Reconstructed from Cocopa, Diegueño, Maricopa, and Yavapai" [1964]; and handwritten notes and charts and typed drafts of Crawford's "Some Cognate Sets from Chimariko and Several Yuman Languages" [n.d.]. Items in Series IV-C. Research Notes & Notebooks—Yuman include a folder of miscellaneous, mostly handwritten “Notes” [n.d.]; a folder of “Notes on Possible Informants among Speakers of the Yuman Language” [n.d]., including Crawford's observations and experiences during his research trip looking for consultants for Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai, Cocopa, and Maricopa (see also the more formal, typed narrative in "Account of Reconnaissance Among Several Languages of the Yuman Family in Arizona" [1962]), and a rough handwritten draft of “The Reconstruction of Proto Yuman from Cocopa, Maricopa, Diegueño and Yavapai”; four pages of copied text on “Phonemes of Four Yuman Languages” [1962], focusing on Havasupai, Yavapai, Maricopa, and Cocopa; and about 30 pages of notes on linguistics and language consultants in “Yuman Reconnaissance—Notebook” [1962]. See also related materials in the Cocopah entry of the Crawford Papers, and Series VII. Photographs.

Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)