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Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Omushkego includes: Cree, Swampy, Mushkegowuk, Omushkigowack
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Nipissing includes: Nbisiing
Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Chibcha includes: Muysca, Muisca
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Date:1912-1941 and undated
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Bailey, Alfred Goldsworthy | Weitzner, Bella
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Zoology | Divination | Population | Ethnography | Folklore | Basketry | Birch bark | Hunting | Archaeology | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Field notes | Abstracts | Sketches | Notebooks | Photographs | Stories
Extent:7 items
Description: Materials relating to both Algonquin and related Algonquian peoples, cultures, and languages. Includes Speck's notes on artifacts found near Lake Abitibi and in the Nipissing district; his Seven Islands field notes, including texts with interlinear translations, house data, names of animals, and a letter in French from Marie Louise Ambroise; sketches and comments on shoulder blade divination (scapulimancy), including notes on deer drives (including an undated note from A. Irving Hallowell) and the distribution of artifacts among Algonquin, Naskapi, and Mistissini peoples; two field notebooks containing (1) linguistic notes and informant and population data for Waswanipi, Abitibi, Temiskaming [Timiskaming], Nipissing, Algonquian and (2) Temiskaming ethnography, Wisiledjak (Wiskyjack) [Wisakedjak, a manitou] text (in English), Temagami ethnology and texts (in English), and one Iroquois legend; general information on birch-bark containers, including 37 photographs and 40 pages of notes relating to Algonquin, Cree, Ojibwe and Ktunaxa specimens, and a letter from Bella Weitzner; and a letter from A. G. Bailey sending Speck a copy of his book on Algonquians.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1914-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Milling, Chapman J. (Chapman James), 1901-1981 | Rights, Douglas L. (Douglas LeTell), 1891-1956 | Speck, Florence I. | Weitluner, R. J. | Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958 | Fewkes, Jesse Walter, 1850-1930 | Cadwalader, John | Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Newsome, Albert Ray, 1894-1951 | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Broom, Leonard | Schaeffer, Claude E. | Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Red Thunder Cloud, 1919- | Blue, Samuel Taylor, 1872-1959 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Keiser, Albert | Blue, Leola | West Long, Will, 1870-1947 | Climbing Bear | Harris, Mrs. Nettle O. | Harris, Mrs. R. L.
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | South Carolina--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes | Bibliographies | Notebooks | Charts | Vocabularies | Stories
Extent:21 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Catawba history, language, and culture. This includes Speck's correspondence with indigenous consultants such as Red Thunder Cloud, Chief Sam Blue, and Leola Blue (Catawba) and Will West Long and Climbing Bear (Cherokee); correspondence with other anthropologists and linguists, such as John Reed Swanton, William N. Fenton, Erminie Wheeler-Voegelin, C.F. Voegelin, Morris Swadesh, A. I. Hallowell, Mary Haas, and others; genealogies of twentieth-century Catawba consultants; a Catawba bibliography; notes on topics including Catawba division of time, travel and expedition, food resources, racial status in the South, and notes, possibly for a lecture, titled "The Catawba-A Small Nation Deflated"; a University of Pennsylvania student's essay on Catawba tribal correspondence with J. Walter Fewkes about Speck's Catawba field trips; field notebooks devoted to ethnologic notes, vocabulary, texts, songs, and other linguistic and cultural data; and collections of notes devoted to Catawba language and texts, general ethnological notes, and miscellaneous notes. Some of the notes and notebooks and much of the correspondence mentions other indigenous groups as well.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1914-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Dodge, Ernest S. (Ernest Stanley), 1913-1980
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Land claims | Government relations | Rites and ceremonies | Land tenure | Religion | Politics and government
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notebooks | Notes | Vocabularies
Extent:10 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Cayuga history, language, and culture. This includes Speck's correspondence with indigenous consultants such as Deskaheh and Alexander General (who became known as Deskaheh after the other's death in 1925) on topics such as museum specimens, games, religion, politics, land claims, stories, etc.; correspondence with other anthropologists such as Ernest Dodge about Cayuga war medicine [see also Speck and Dodge (1945)] and William N. Fenton concerning Cayuga winter rituals and suggestions for Speck's Cayuga manuscripts [see also Speck (1945b)]; and a notebook of Cayuga material containing ethnographic data and mentioning consultants John L. Buck, Mrs. John L. Buck, and Jerry Aaron as well as Deskaheh.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1880-1932
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Calhoun, Morgan, 1863?-1927 | West Long, Will, 1870-1947 | Mooney, James, 1861-1921 | Wolf, James | Witthoft, John
Subject:Botany | Ethnography | Medicine | Religion | Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Notebooks | Diaries | Account books | Records | Ledgers | Vocabularies | Transcriptions
Extent:22 items
Description: The Frank Speck Cherokee Collection consists of diaries, accounts, and medicinal texts in Cherokee (syllabary) collected by Will West Long and Morgan Calhoun, accompanied by notes by Speck and John Witthoft. These include several diaries kept by Long (mostly 1904-1917), records of the Gadugi (a Cherokee mutual aid group), accounts, records of births and deaths at Big Cove, and material collected on Cherokee botany collected by James Mooney in 1887. Several of the items contain information on Cherokee medicine, including formulae and curing charms. Many of these items have been designated as culturally sensitive and may not be reproduced, nor photographed in the Reading Room.
Collection:Frank Gouldsmith Speck Cherokee Collection (Mss.572.97.Sp3L)
Culture:
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Language:English | Innu-aimun | French
Date:1925-1937; 1982
Contributor:Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Clarke, Sandra | MacKenzie, Marguerite | Ford, Alan | Martin, Pierre, 1947- | Gunner, Andrew | Cowan, William | Michelson, Truman, 1879-1938 | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950
Subject:Linguistics | Ethnography | Hunting
Type:Text
Description: The Innu materials in the Frank Siebert Papers are predominantly linguistic materials, with one story and ethnographic study. Original notes by Siebert can be found in Series V: Notebooks, under notebooks labelled "Lake St. John" and "Scribble-in Book." Secondary sources, which use the term "Montagnais," can be found in Series IV and VII
Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)
Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Date:circa 1925-1967
Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Longbone, Willie | Witthoft, John | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Rafinesque, C. S. (Constantine Samuel), 1783-1840 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Lilly, Eli, 1885-1977 | Hockett, Charles Francis | Seaman, John Nelson, 1915- | Pearson, Kennth E. | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Peters, Nicodemus
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Folklore | Migrations | Algonquian languages
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies | Notebooks | Notes | Stories | Maps | Essays | Drafts | Grammars
Extent:48 folders, 5 boxes
Description: The C. F. Voegelin Papers contain correspondence, card files, notes, notebooks, texts, translations, drafts, articles, maps, and other linguistic and ethnographic materials relating to Delaware (Lenape) language and culture. Many of these items pertain to Voegelin's "Walam Olum or Red Score: The Migration Legend of the Lenni Lenape or Delaware Indians," published by the Indiana Historical Society in 1954. Such materials are located in primarily in Subcollection I. There is relevant correspondence with Charles Hockett (with questions about Voegelin's article on Delaware and examples from other Algonquian languages), Eli Lilly (regarding various aspects of the Walam Olum, its interpretation and publication), Kenneth E. Pearson (regarding use of Delaware language in Boy Scout ceremonies), John N. Seaman (regarding language consultant Willy Longbone), Frank Siebert (regarding Walam Olum, Munsee materials, language consultants Willy Longbone, Nicodemus Peters, and Nicholas Powless), Morris Swadesh (including a brief Stockbridge vocabulary and a slip of Moravian Delaware), and John Witthoft (regarding Walam Olum) in Series I. Correspondence. Delaware materials also include 5 boxes of card files and 5 folders of document files (primarily vocabulary and linguistic notes, and including 1 box and 1 folder relating to specifically to Munsee and 1 box and 1 folder of Walam Olum vocabulary keyed to the Rafinesque translation) in Series II. 7 folders pertaining to Voegelin's work on the Walam Olum in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III-A: Works Translated by Voegelin; a folder on Delaware grammar in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III-B: Works Authored by Voegelin; 3 articles on the Walam Olum by Constantine Rafinesque, Daniel G. Brinton, and Frank Speck in Series IV. Works by Others; 2 folders on Delaware and 1 on Delaware-Munsee (containing Vocabularies, notes, texts, translations, and various typed works by the Group for Delaware at the Linguistic Institute over multiple summers) in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-A: Language Notes; 18 folders of unbound texts in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-B: Text; Delaware materials in Blackfoot Folder #2 and Ojibwe Folder #24 in Series VI. Notebooks; an ink map of Delaware locations created for Voegelin's published translation of the Walam Olum in Series VII. Photographs; and a folder related to Voegelin's translation of the Walam Olum in the Oversized files.
Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)
Culture:
Date:1895-1948
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Peters, Nicodemus | Moses, Jesse | Springer, Ethel M. (Ethel Maria), 1880- | Witapanóxwe | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Montour, Josiah | Washington, Fred | Washington, Jane | Washington, Joe | Greywacz, Kathryn B. | Lilly, Eli, 1885-1977 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Shoemaker, Henry W., 1880-1958 | Wallace, Paul A. W. | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Anderson, George | Hill, Jasper (Big White Owl)
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | Museums | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Material culture | Peyote | Religion | Art | Folklore | Place names | Botany | Oklahoma--History | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Drafts | Essays | Sketches | Photographs | Reports
Extent:57 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Lenape (or "Delaware") history, language, and culture. Speck's correspondence with Delaware collaborators in Oklahoma relating to Lenape history, ethnographic data, linguistics, museum specimens, and reservation affairs, etc., might be of particular interest; there are also several tales related by Witapanóxwe, or War Eagle, other tales and texts (some with interlineal translation) from Josiah Montour and other unknown contributors, and 11 sketches of Lenape art designs. Other correspondence touches on Speck's efforts to collect specimens (and individuals and institutions interested in acquiring them), his efforts to collect paintings and sketches of ceremonies and designs, his fieldwork and expenses, financial support from the University of Pennsylvania and Indiana Historical Society, Shawnee data on Oklahoma Delawares, the Big House Ceremony, efforts to acquire a Delaware Big House to erect in Harrisburg, Delawares-as-women, etc. There are also at least 82 pages (in three folders) of Speck's field notes of ethnographic and linguistic data, and over 50 pages (in two folders) of Speck's miscellaneous notes (including some correspondence) on topics such as Gladys Tantaquidgeon and Lenape designs, botanical specimens, linguistic materials, museum specimens, the Walam Olum, the "Six Nation Delaware reservation", the celestial bear theme, native religion, reviews of Speck's publications, etc. Other notes cover Delaware grammar and vocabulary, Delaware clans and social organization, dualism in Delaware religion, the influence of Christianity on Delaware religion, the provenance of Delaware museum specimens obtained from Delawares in Oklahoma and Canada, biographical information on Joseph Montur and Nicodemus Peters, etc. There are also various drafts, essays, lectures and other writings by Speck on topics such as Delaware religion, ceremonies, peyote rites, designs, population, remnant populations in the east, history, place names, a Delaware bibliography and a notebook of reports to the University of Pennsylvania Research Committee on fieldwork among Oklahoma Delaware, St. Francis Abenaki, Munsee and Six Nations (Haudenosaunee) Delaware, Tutelo, Cayuga, 1931-1936.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Yuchi includes: Euchee
Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet
Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho
Kwakwaka'wakw includes: Kwakiutl
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Choctaw includes: Chahta
Catawba includes: Iswa
Dakota includes: Dakȟóta
Catawba includes: Iswa
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Date:1904-1950
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Cole, Fay-Cooper, 1881- | Gilmore, Melvin R. (Melvin Randolph), 1868-1940 | Haddon, Alfred C. (Alfred Cort), 1855-1940 | Edgerton, Franklin, 1885-1963 | Gusinde, Martin, 1886-1969 | Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Hiller, Wesley R. | Mooney, James, 1861-1921 | Nelson, Dorothy M. | Norton, Jeannette Young | Smith, Edgar F. (Edgar Fahs), 1854-1928 | Birket-Smith, Kaj, 1893-1977 | Ball, Carl | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Chase, Fannie S. | Cobb, Rodney Dale, 1907- | Dunnack, Henry E. | Field, Clark | La Rue, Mabel G: Myres, John Linton, Sir, 1869-1954 | Oak, Liston M., 1895-1970 | Staub, Peter | Wissler, Clark, 1870-1947 | Burgesse, J. Allan | Douglas, Frederic H. (Frederic Huntington), 1897-1956 | Raynolds, Frances R. | Eskew, James W. | Meier, Emil F. | Turner, Geoffrey
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Social life and customs | Hunting | Motifs | Specimens | Wampum | Material culture | Birch bark | Religion | Museums | Art | Masks | Basketry
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Bibliographies | Essays | Reports | Drafts | Maps
Extent:46 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's research and other professional activities. Items include Speck's notes taken during graduate work at Columbia University under Franz Boas, and utilized for his own anthropology courses at the University of Pennsylvania; Speck's miscellaneous notes comprising circa 500 bibliographic cards and reading notes sorted out by tribe and/or language, dealing with tribes and countries in which Speck did no field work [other entries of this type are to be found among the various groups of materials in the Speck collection, according to tribe]; correspondence concerning exhibits and specimens for the Chicago World's Fair and for the Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts in New York City; two letters from Boas regarding the work of the Committee on Research in Native American Languages; correspondence regarding topics such as the double-curve motif, family hunting areas, indigenous foods and cooking methods, wampum, silverwork, birch-bark technique, baskets, Speck's research and publications, the research and publications of others, obtaining indigenous material cultural specimens for Speck, purchases of indigenous material culture specimens (baskets, masks, etc.) from Speck, Speck's identification of items in the Pitt Rivers Museum at Oxford University, Speck's bibliography, and Speck's obituary; letters requesting copies of Speck's publications, or acknowledging the transmission of publications between Speck and others; copies and/or drafts of several of Speck's presentations and publications, including "Lectures on Primitive Religion," "Land Ownership Among Hunting Peoples in Primitive America and the World's Marginal Areas," "Review of Lowie's Introduction to Cultural Anthropology," and "The Double-Curve Motive in Northeastern Algonquian Art"; a bibliography of Speck's publications through 1942; rough drafts of miscellaneous papers, 1928-1948; Speck's notes on topics such as crane posture; Birket-Smith's 1946 "Plan for Circumpolar Research"; ten distribution maps for circumpolar culture traits, colored in with crayon to show distribution of traits including divination and miracle shamanism, sweat bath, turtle Atlas myth and world-tree concept, bone divination, bear veneration, curative power of mystic words and formulae, dog-ancestor myth, dog as soul leader, curvilinear patterns, and confession to cure taboo violation; and a prepublication manuscript of Hallowell's "The nature and function of property as a human institution" with additions and corrections.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Language:English | Mohegan-Pequot
Date:1897-1943
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Butler, Eva L. | Prince, John Dyneley, 1868-1945 | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys | Ward, Christopher, 1868-1943
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Place names | Linguistics | Social life and customs | New England--History | Politics and government | Land transfers | Connecticut--History
Type:Text | Still Image
Genre:Notes | Correspondence | Deeds | Pamphlets | Notebooks | Drafts | Stories | Vocabularies | Translations | Maps
Extent:11 folders, 30 photos
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Mohegan language, history, and culture. Includes Mohegan miscellaneous notes and correspondence from 1916-1943 including commentary on Fidelia Fielding's Texts, notes for 1920 Pequot trip with Nehantic and Pennacook notes, letters from the Honorable Thomas W. Bicknell to Speck concerning Indians in Rhode Island, notes on Mohegan social organization, 1 page of incomplete letter of Red Wing concerning Indian affairs, miscellaneous Stockbridge notes, George Heye to Speck regarding publication, John R. Swanton to Speck concerning his exhibition for Mohegan Stockbridge, postal card from Princess Pretty War regarding dress, Ernest E. Rogers to Speck regarding Speck's Mohegan-Pequot Diary, etc.; Pequot miscellaneous notes and correspondence from 1922-1941 including two cards with Mohegan names, 7 pages of reading notes, 1 page of animal names, a letter from Harral Ayres to the Smithsonian Institution concerning Connecticut place names, and a letter from Gertrude Bell Browne to Speck concerning seventeenth-century Pequot-Mohegan Mohegan-Pequot texts and vocabulary materials, notes and drafts relating to Speck (1928a); letters to his mother concerning his activities among Indians at Mohegan, Connecticut; copy for a news release on a Mohegan election; correspondence with Gladys Tantaquidgeon; "Mohegan Land Deeds," a pamplet containing 22 seventeenth-century deeds signed by Mohegans, taken from Connecticut archival sources; 21 cards with notes on trees and uses of their products; Prince's 1907 letter of recommendation for Speck, discussing Speck's work, as a student, on the Pequot dialect of Mohegan-Pequots, Algic, and Yuchi; and Ward's correspondence with Speck regarding the printing of extra copies of Speck's Nanticoke study by the Historical Society of Delaware. Some manuscripts written by Gladys Tantaquidgeon, not about Mohegan matters, have been identified among Speck's notes on the Delaware, Wampanoag, and Innu. There may be other manuscripts in the collection written by hand but not yet identified. In Series III (Photographs), there are about 30 Mohegan-related photographs, some possibly taken by Gladys Tantaquidgeon. In Series IV (Lantern slides), there are 9 images, some of which may be duplicate images of those among the general photos. Lastly, Series V (Maps) contains a small number of maps of Mohegan lands.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1904-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Gamio, Manuel, 1883-1960 | Giger, Leona E. | Opler, Morris Edward, 1907-1996 | Rolland, Ann | Ball, Carl | Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958 | Schultes, Richard Evans | McNickle, D'Arcy, 1904-1977
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Botany | Botany | Linguistics | Economic conditions | Orthography and spelling | Dance | Haskell Institute | Material culture | Clothing and dress | Folklore | Mythology | Music | Alabama--History
Type:Text | Three-dimensional object
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Drafts | Essays | Notebooks | Sheet music
Extent:14 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Creek history, language, and culture. Includes Speck's own notes and work, including "Notes on Social and Economic Conditions Among the Creek Indians of Alabama in 1941" (published as Speck 1947); an undated earlier version of that essay titled "Creek Indians Surviving in Alabama"; 115 pages of linguistic notes from Taskigitown, dated 1904-1905 and organized by categories; Creek and Yuchi songs; Creek and Yuchi Dance; 98 pages of Creek texts, including some interlineal translations, and related notes dated 1904-1905; and 35 pages of miscellaneous notes and letters on topics like dances, language, clothing, myths, handicrafts, and fieldwork. Also includes two botanical specimens--Coopti (Zamia floridana) used by Seminoles, 1941 and Ilex vomitoria Ait, used by Creeks--accompanied by letters to Speck from Richard Evans Schultes concerning Houma Botany; two letters from female students at the Haskell Institute in 1940 (Leona Giger writes of a Creek doll she is making and mentions the council house at Okmulgee, Oklahoma, while Ann Rolland offers to answer questions on Creek use of feathers); a letter from Morris Opler regarding Opler's work among the Creeks, as well as an essay by Opler about the organization, history, and social and political significance of Creek towns; a letter from Mario Gamio acknowledging the receipt of a Creek Indian pamphlet; and a letter from D'Arcy McNickle returning to Speck photographs of the Creek Indians of Atmore, Alabama to prevent them from getting lost and mentioning that his manuscript of the report is still being copied.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)