Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Virginia materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Language:English

Date:1920-1947

Type:Text | Three-dimensional object | Still Image

Extent:40 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in the various Virginia- or Chesapeake-area peoples sometimes collectively lumped as Powhatans, including the Chickahominy, Mattaponi, Nansemond, Pamunkey, and Rappahannock peoples, from the early contact period into the mid-twentieth century. The Cherokees, Seminoles, Tuscaroras, and Penobscots are also mentioned. Correspondence includes Speck's correspondence with Chickahominy consultants like Chief George L. Nelson, Mrs. S. P. Nelson, Chief James H. Nelson, and E. P. Bradby; Pamunkey consultants like Paul L. Miles and Chief O. W. Adkins; Charles Edgar Gilliam, a Petersburg, Virginia, attorney and amateur historian, etymologist, and ethnologist; and a letter from Werner Müller in Berlin to the University of Pennsylvania inquiring whether Speck's book on the Nansamond and Chickahominy Indians was published and mentioniong Speck's publications on the Rappahannock and Powhatan. Other materials, largely arranged by topic, were compiled by Speck as well as by some his students, particularly those who participated in a field research group between 1939 and 1942, such as Mary Rowell Carse, Edmund Carpenter, Royal Hassrick, John "Jack" Kremens, Maurice A. Mook, Robert Solenberger, and Theodore Stern. Of particular interest might be a folder of 1941-1946 correspondence (42 letters) and copies of various documents relating to the efforts of Speck, James R. Coates, and others to overcome the practice of Virginia draft boards to classify indigenous peoples as "Negroes" for Selective Service. Other materials include a folder on Chickahominy efforts to gain recognition, including chartering the tribe as an incorporation; two of Speck's field notebooks on the Pamunkey, Mattaponi, Rappahannock, Cherokee, and Chickahominy; Speck's reading notes on topics like gourds and the bow and arrow in early contact days; a description of "Pamunkey Town" in 1759, based on Andrew Burnaby, Travels (1760); a 1940 newspaper article titled "Virginia Indians Past and Present"; notes on Virginia Indian populations in 1668, based on figures obtained from a regulation requiring certain numbers of wolves be killed by various Indian groups; Charles Edgar Gilliam's "Historical sketch of Appomatoc Indians, 1607-1723"; and Gilliam on Powhatan Algonquian birds, etc., in colonial times. Other folders are devoted to topics such as Pamunkey hunting and fishing, Pamunkey games and amusements, Pamunkey celestial and meteorological phenomena, Pamunkey contemporary technology, Pamunkey emergency foods, Pamunkey fish, amphibians, shellfish, and reptiles, Pamunkey reptiles, Pamunkey animals, Pamunkey birds, Pamunkey mensuration, Pamunkey miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Pamunkey social organization, Pamunkey pottery, Pamunkey plants and agriculture, Pamunkey foods, Pamunkey medicines and poisons, Pamunkey folklore and language, Rappahannock field notes, Rappahannock contemporary technology, Rappahanock taking devices, Rappahannock miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Mattaponi miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Chickahominy miscellaneous notes and correspondence, field notes on Western Chickahominy, Nansemond miscellaneous notes and correspondence, and miscellaneous notes and correspondence on Virgina Indians.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Walter Dyk Collection

Culture:

Wasco-Wishram

Language:English | Wasco-Wishram

Date:1906-1956

Type:Text

Extent:0.5 linear feet

Description: The Walter Dyk Collection consists of 16 folders relating to Dyk's dissertation research on Wishram, 1930-1933, donated to the APS by Dell Hymes in the 1980s (with additions transferred from the Dell H. Hymes Papers in 2019). It includes copies of his masters thesis (Chicago, 1931) and dissertation (Yale, 1933), papers and notes sent to Dell Hymes in the mid-1950s when Hymes was working on the language, including two field notebooks, Hymes' plans for use of these and other materials, and a small but important set of correspondence. The correspondence includes letters to Dyk from Philip Kahclamet, who was Dyk's primary consultant for "Kikct" (which Kahclamet identifies as a broad term for several related varieties), and who later worked with Hymes; from Edward Sapir to Dyk, including a very long and detailed letter commenting on phonology in Dyk's dissertation; and a series of letters to Sapir from Peter McGuff, Sapir's Wishram consultant at Fort Simcoe, Washington, 1906-1908. Sapir described him in Sapir (1909), and Michael Silverstein discussed him in Natural Histories of Discourse (1996), a volume co-edited by Silverstein and Greg Urban. See finding aid for related material and an itemized list of contents.

Collection:Walter Dyk Collection (Mss.497.3.H998m)

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Wampanoag materials, Elsie Clews Parsons papers

Culture:

Wampanoag includes: Wôpanâak

Language:English | Wampanoag

Date:1919

Contributor:Jeffers, Lucina | Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews, 1874-1941

Subject:Folklore | Massachusetts--History | Social life and customs

Type:Text

Genre:Field notes | Stories | Genealogies

Extent:12 pages

Description: The Wampanoag materials in the Elsie Clews Parsons papers consist of one set of loose notes labelled "Martha's Vineyard - Notes," found in Subcollection II, Series IV, "Research Notes." These notes were recorded in 1919 from Lucina Jeffers (Wampanoag) of Aquinnah ("Gay Head"), who was aged 85 at the time. The notes concern folklore and customs on Martha's Vineyard and some genealogical information.

Collection:Elsie Clews Parsons papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.29)

Yavapai materials, James M. Crawford Papers

Culture:

Yavapai

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Mojave includes: Mohave, Aha Macav

Kiliwa includes: K'olew

Kumeyaay includes: Kumiai, Diegueño, Kamia, Tipai-Ipai

Maidu

Catawba includes: Iswa

Cocopah includes: Cocopa, Cucapáh, Cucapá, Kwapa, Kwii Capáy

Atakapa includes: Atacapa

Biloxi includes: Tanêks, Tanêksa

Language:English | Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai

Date:circa 1962-1964

Contributor:Crawford, James M. (James Mack), 1925-1989

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Yuman languages | Arizona--History

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Field notes | Vocabularies | Drafts | Essays

Extent:4 folders, 1 box

Description: Materials relating to James Crawford's interest in and study of Yavapai culture and the Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai language. There are two folders of particular interest in Series IV-D. Research Notes & Notebooks--Other. The first is a folder labeled "Havasupai" [1962] containing 17 pages of words collected at the Grand Canyon from Lorenzo Sinyella (whose grandfather, Ole Man Sinyella, worked with Leslie Spier), recorded by Crawford, and including bits of information on a few other language consultants as well. The other folder is labeled "Yavapai Word List" and contains a word list collected by Crawford from Viola Jimulla at the Yavapai-Prescott Indian Reservation in 1962; several slips of paper, some including personal details of various language consultants, i.e., Charley Pattea (Yavapai), Kate Crozier (Walapai), etc.; several sheets of loose-page paper with more information on Yavapai, Cocopa, Mohave, Diegueño, etc. consultants and linguistics dated to 1963; and a word list collected from Warren Gazzam (Yavapai Western) in 1963. There is also a folder containing a typed copy, handwritten notes, and other materials (including homework exercises and a preliminary draft) relating to Crawford's "Proto-Yuman: Reconstructed from Cocopa, Diegueño, Maricopa, and Yavapai" [1964] in Series III-C. Works by Crawford--Yuman; a folder labeled "Comparison of Cocopa, Maricopa, Diegueño, and Yavapai" [1964?], containing handwritten charts comparing elements of those four languages and Kiliwa in Series IV-A. Research Notes and Notebooks--Cocopa; and "Possible Cognates to Yuchi in Siouan, Atakapa, Yava, Maidu, etc." [1971-1977], which contains 9 full sheets and 2 slips of handwritten notes comparing Yuchi, Biloxi, Ofo, Catawba, Atakapa, Maidu, Yava, Wocco, Tutelo, etc., in Series IV-B. Research Notes & Notebooks--Yuchi. Finally, there is one box of card-sized paper slips, Yavapai-English and English-Yavapai, with penciled notes, in Series V. Card Files. See related materials in Yuman entry for the Crawford Papers.

Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)

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Yuchi materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Osage includes: 𐓁𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰͘

Muscogee includes: Muskogee, Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek

Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho

Natchez

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English | Muscogee | Yuchi

Date:1904-1945

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Field notes | Reports | Musical scores

Extent:5 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Yuchi language, history, and culture. Includes three letters from Roy H. Robinson to Speck concerning persuading Yuchis to answer questions, Cayuga earrings, a Navajo beaded necklace, Osage buffalo hide shield, etc.; a 13-page report titled "Yuchi Ethnography" on political organization, diseases, mythology, etc., based on a 1904 field trip; a folder on Yuchi and Creek dances with sheet music for songs to accompany dance, choreography, and a few vocabulary items with a folder on Yuchi and Creek songs along with 12 vocabulary slips; and 17 pages of Speck's miscellaneous Yuchi notes and correspondence, including one page concerning Yalewi, a Yuchi Indian; one card concerning peyote among Yuchi; a one-page list of names of informants, 1941; a letter from Erich von Hornbostel to Speck, concerning Yuchi songs; a letter from Ellen Allen, a Yuchi Indian, recalling Speck's visit in 1904 and Boas' visit and effort to do a Yuchi grammar with her; a letter from Carl F. Voegelin concerning Yuchi linguistics; letters from Charles Eli Sexton to the University of Pennsylvania Museum concerning Speck's Yuchi ethnography, a Yuchi informant, and connection of Natchez and Hopewell to Yuchi; and letters from Ann Rolland (Haskell Institute) concerning Yuchi museum specimens and relics of the past.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)