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Culture:
Omushkego includes: Cree, Swampy, Mushkegowuk, Omushkigowack
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Nipissing includes: Nbisiing
Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Chibcha includes: Muysca, Muisca
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Date:1912-1941 and undated
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Bailey, Alfred Goldsworthy | Weitzner, Bella
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Zoology | Divination | Population | Ethnography | Folklore | Basketry | Birch bark | Hunting | Archaeology | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Field notes | Abstracts | Sketches | Notebooks | Photographs | Stories
Extent:7 items
Description: Materials relating to both Algonquin and related Algonquian peoples, cultures, and languages. Includes Speck's notes on artifacts found near Lake Abitibi and in the Nipissing district; his Seven Islands field notes, including texts with interlinear translations, house data, names of animals, and a letter in French from Marie Louise Ambroise; sketches and comments on shoulder blade divination (scapulimancy), including notes on deer drives (including an undated note from A. Irving Hallowell) and the distribution of artifacts among Algonquin, Naskapi, and Mistissini peoples; two field notebooks containing (1) linguistic notes and informant and population data for Waswanipi, Abitibi, Temiskaming [Timiskaming], Nipissing, Algonquian and (2) Temiskaming ethnography, Wisiledjak (Wiskyjack) [Wisakedjak, a manitou] text (in English), Temagami ethnology and texts (in English), and one Iroquois legend; general information on birch-bark containers, including 37 photographs and 40 pages of notes relating to Algonquin, Cree, Ojibwe and Ktunaxa specimens, and a letter from Bella Weitzner; and a letter from A. G. Bailey sending Speck a copy of his book on Algonquians.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1900-1951
Contributor:Barbeau, Marius, 1883-1969 | Cooke, Charles, 1870-1958
Subject:Folklore | Linguistics | New York (State)--History | Pennsylvania--History | Ontario--History | Québec (Province)--History | Social life and customs
Type:Text
Genre:Personal names | Essays | Vocabularies | Stories
Extent:1380 pages
Description: This manuscript is an alphabetical list of about 6200 Iroquoian names, collected over 5 decades by Charles Cooke (Thawennensere), a Mohawk scholar from Wahta. Each entry includes the name in its Mohawk rendering, with phonetic spelling, gender, tribe, location, date, and clan. The name is then analyzed by radicals, with historical information about its bearer (where relevant). Cross reference to variants and from English names of Indians. Preface by Cooke, edited by C. Marius Barbeau, classifies names and gives numbers and sex. This item has been fully digitized and can be viewed online. See also an accompanying audio collection (Mss.Rec.10), listed separately in this guide, in which Cooke reads the majority of the names.
Collection:Iroquois personal names (Mss.497.3.C772)
Culture:
Walla Walla includes: Waluulapam, Natítayt
Tlingit includes: Lingit, Łingit, Tlinkit
Secwépemc includes: Shuswap
Squamish includes: Sḵwx̱wú7mesh, Sko-ko-mish
Syilx includes: Okanagan, Okanogan
Nisga'a includes: Nass, Nisgha, Nishga, Nishka, Niska, Nisqa'a
Nuxalk includes: Bella Coola, Bellacoola
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu
Klickitat includes: Klikitat
Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa
Klallam includes: Clallam, S'Klallam, nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əm
Heiltsuk includes: Bella Bella, Haíɫzaqv
Haida includes: X̱aayda, X̱aadas, X̱aad, X̱aat
Cayuse includes: Liksiyu, Natítayt
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Dakelh includes: Carrier, ᑕᗸᒡ
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Language:Cayuse | Klallam | Cree, Plains | Dakelh (ᑕᗸᒡ) | Haida | Heiltsuk-Oowekyala | Kalapuya | Kutenai | Nez Perce | Nisga'a | Nuxalk | Ojibwa, Western | Okanagan (nsyilxcən) | Secwepemc | Squamish | Tlingit | Walla Walla
Date:1834-1836
Contributor:Black, Samuel | Dorion, Babtiste | Gardiner, Meredith | McKenzie, Benjamin | Ogden, Peter | Townsend, John Kirk, 1809-1851
Subject:Linguistics | Alaska--History | Washington (State)--History | Idaho--History | Oregon--History | British Columbia--History | Ontario--History | Saskatchewan--History
Type:Text
Genre:Notebooks
Extent:2 volumes
Description: This collection contains two manuscript volumes collected by the naturalist John Kirk Townsend, obtained by dictation from native speakers, people of mixed ancestry, and traders of the Hudson's Bay Company. The first volume contains a collection of multiple comparative vocabulary lists of languages of modern-day Washington, Idaho, Oregon, British Columbia, and Alaska, obtained by dictation from native speakers, people of mixed ancestry, and traders of the Hudson's Bay Company. Languages included are: "Okanagan" (N̓səl̓xcin), "Attnaha" or "Shoushwap" (Secwepemctsin), "Walla Walla (Sahaptin), "Squalyamish" (Squamish / Sḵwx̱wú7mesh ?), "Nooselalum" (Klallam / nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əm), "Haeeltzuk" (Heiltsuk), "Billichoola" (Nuxalk), "Nass" (Nisga'a), "Haidah" (Haida), "Tongaase" (Tlingit, possibly inland variety), Nez Perce, Chinook [Jargon], "Carrier or Takelhé" (Dakelh), "Kayouse" (Cayuse), and "Kootenai" (Ktunaxa). The second volume is a collection of vocabulary lists of 19 Indigenous languages, primarily of the Pacific Northwest, re-copied from earlier notes in an orderly fashion with an index and additional introductory information on the area where each language is spoken and the source of the vocabulary. 15 of the vocabularies are re-copied out from the first volume in this collection. This volume includes the languages listed for that volume, plus Cree (possibly Plains Cree), "Kalapooyah" (Kalapuya), Klikatat (Sahaptin or Yakama), and "Seauteux" (Western Ojibwa/Ojibwe).
Collection:John Kirk Townsend Indian vocabularies collection (Mss.497.3.T66)
Culture:
Date:1895-1948
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Peters, Nicodemus | Moses, Jesse | Springer, Ethel M. (Ethel Maria), 1880- | Witapanóxwe | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Montour, Josiah | Washington, Fred | Washington, Jane | Washington, Joe | Greywacz, Kathryn B. | Lilly, Eli, 1885-1977 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Shoemaker, Henry W., 1880-1958 | Wallace, Paul A. W. | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Anderson, George | Hill, Jasper (Big White Owl)
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | Museums | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Material culture | Peyote | Religion | Art | Folklore | Place names | Botany | Oklahoma--History | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Drafts | Essays | Sketches | Photographs | Reports
Extent:57 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Lenape (or "Delaware") history, language, and culture. Speck's correspondence with Delaware collaborators in Oklahoma relating to Lenape history, ethnographic data, linguistics, museum specimens, and reservation affairs, etc., might be of particular interest; there are also several tales related by Witapanóxwe, or War Eagle, other tales and texts (some with interlineal translation) from Josiah Montour and other unknown contributors, and 11 sketches of Lenape art designs. Other correspondence touches on Speck's efforts to collect specimens (and individuals and institutions interested in acquiring them), his efforts to collect paintings and sketches of ceremonies and designs, his fieldwork and expenses, financial support from the University of Pennsylvania and Indiana Historical Society, Shawnee data on Oklahoma Delawares, the Big House Ceremony, efforts to acquire a Delaware Big House to erect in Harrisburg, Delawares-as-women, etc. There are also at least 82 pages (in three folders) of Speck's field notes of ethnographic and linguistic data, and over 50 pages (in two folders) of Speck's miscellaneous notes (including some correspondence) on topics such as Gladys Tantaquidgeon and Lenape designs, botanical specimens, linguistic materials, museum specimens, the Walam Olum, the "Six Nation Delaware reservation", the celestial bear theme, native religion, reviews of Speck's publications, etc. Other notes cover Delaware grammar and vocabulary, Delaware clans and social organization, dualism in Delaware religion, the influence of Christianity on Delaware religion, the provenance of Delaware museum specimens obtained from Delawares in Oklahoma and Canada, biographical information on Joseph Montur and Nicodemus Peters, etc. There are also various drafts, essays, lectures and other writings by Speck on topics such as Delaware religion, ceremonies, peyote rites, designs, population, remnant populations in the east, history, place names, a Delaware bibliography and a notebook of reports to the University of Pennsylvania Research Committee on fieldwork among Oklahoma Delaware, St. Francis Abenaki, Munsee and Six Nations (Haudenosaunee) Delaware, Tutelo, Cayuga, 1931-1936.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1950
Contributor:Antone, Betsy | Antone, Billy | Antone, Harry | Antone, Rosa | Benedict, Charles | Benedict, Charles, Mrs. | Benedict, Ernest | Christian, Albert | Cornplanter, Jesse J. | Curlyhead, Sadie | Cusick, Herbert | Dowdy, Lynn | Gansworth, Nellie | Henhawk, Floyd | Hickerson, Harold, 1923- | Homer, Pat | Jacobs, Elver | Jimerson, Laurence | Jimerson, Laurence, Mrs. | Johnny John, Amos | Johnny John, Colline | Johnny John, Richard | Jones, Albert | Lewis, Thomas | Lyons, Annie | Lyons, Louis | Mt. Pleasant, William | Owl, David | Owl, Jane | Redeye, Henry | Schanandoah, Chapman | Schanandoah, Chapman, Mrs. | Skye, Solon | Smith, Mr. | Smith, Mrs. | Smoke, Percy | Snow, Kenneth | Snow, Lena | Thomas, George, Jr.
Subject:Folklore | Linguistics | New York (State)--History | Ontario--History
Type:Sound recording
Genre:Autobiographies | Conversations | Stories
Extent:7 sound tape reels (4 hr., 25 min.) : DIGITIZED
Description: This collections consists of texts in several Iroquoian languages (Cayuga, Cherokee, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, Tuscarora) recorded and played back to other speakers to test the mutual intelligibility of the languages for various speakers. The recordings comprise numerous texts in these languages, administered mutual intelligibility tests, stories, and conversations, all predominantly untranslated. Originally recorded on wire in the fall of 1950 at various locations in the United States and Canada. Later copied to sound tape reels. The Native speakers involved in these recordings are as follows. The Cayuga language speaker was Jane Owl, recorded at Cattaraugus Indian Reservation (N.Y.) The Cherokee speaker was David Owl, recorded at Cattaraugus Indian Reservation (N.Y.) The Mohawk speakers were Ernest Benedict and Sadie Curlyhead, recorded at Akwesasne (Saint Regis), and Ernest Benedict and Mr. & Mrs. Charles Benedict, recorded at Akwesasne (Cornwall, Ontario). The Oneida speakers were Harry Antone, Betsy Antone, Rosa Antone, Billy Antone, and Mr. & Mrs. Chapman Schanandoah, recorded at the Onondaga Indian Reservation (N.Y.), and Albert Christian, recorded at Nedrow (N.Y.) The Onondaga speakers were Louis Lyons, recorded at the Cattaraugus Indian Reservation (N.Y.), and George Thomas, Jr., Percy Smoke, Thomas Lewis, Pat Homer, and Floyd Henhawk, recorded at the Onondaga Indian Reservation (N.Y.) The Seneca speakers were as follows: Annie Lyons, recorded at the Cattaraugus Indian Reservation (N.Y.); a Mr. & Mrs. Smith, recorded at the Oneida Nation of the Thames in southwestern Ontario; Richard Johnny John, Colline Johnny John, Amos Johnny John, Lena Snow, Kenneth Snow, Albert Jones, Hubert Cusick, Lynn Dowdy, Henry Redeye, Elver Jacobs, and Mr. & Mrs. Laurence Jimerson, recorded at the Allegany Indian Reservation (N.Y.); Jesse Cornplanter and Solon Skye, recorded at the Tonawanda Indian Reservation (N.Y.) The Tuscarora speakers were Nellie Gansworth and William Mt. Pleasant, recorded at the Tuscarora Indian Reservation (N.Y.) (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)
Collection:Material on Iroquois Dialects and Languages (Mss.Rec.13)
Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Date:undated
Contributor:Jones, William, 1871-1909
Subject:Linguistics | Ethnography | Folklore | Minnesota--History | Ontario--History | Social life and customs | Government relations
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Field notes | Photographs
Extent:ca 250 pages, 42 photographs
Description: "Ethnographic and linguistic field notes on the Ojibwa Indians," some 250 pages and 42 photographs regarding government, mythology, festivals, customs, games, etc. Also includes comments on the vocabulary, some items with English glosses; lists of bands and locations; photographs of people, activities, dwellings, canoes, etc.
Collection:Ojibwa ethnographic and linguistic field notes, 1903-1905 (Mss.497.3.J71)
Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Language:English | Oji-Cree (ᐊᓂᔑᓂᓂᒧᐏᐣ) | Ojibwa, Northwestern | Ojibwe | Ojibwa, Western
Date:1957-2017
Contributor:Fiero, Charles E. | Aamatinaa | Black, Alex | Black, Joseph | Black, Maggie | Bushey, James | James, Aglaba | James, Magnus | Kakegamick, Bello | Kanate, Isaac | Keeper, William | Keesic, Tony | Keesick, Leo | Keesigwayaush, Joe | King, John George | Lawson, Christine | Lawson, Isaac | Loon, Peter | Meekis, Donald | Mezzetay, Jimmy | Miciki (Mihcuje) | Moose, Absalom | Moose, Joe | Paishk, Joe | Pehcec | Perrault, Albert | Perrault, John | Perrault, Mary | Pittman, R. S. | Quill, Benjamin | Quill, Emma | Quill, Isaiah (Ayisheya) | Quill, Lillian | Quill, Mary Ann | Quill, Norman (Nwaaman) | Quill, Rose | Quill, Samuel | Quill, Sam, Sr. | Rae, Delius | Strang, Beychayj | Strang, David | Strang, George D. | Suggashie, Willie | Taylor, Maggie | Thompson, Albina | Thompson, Jonah | Thompson, Tommy | Turtle, Albert | Turtle, Edward | Turtle, Ethel | Wassaykeesic, Albert | Yesno, John | Linklater, Jackson | Shawinamash, Charlie
Subject:Hunting | Petroglyphs | Food | Religion | Clothing and dress | Linguistics | Ontario--History | Minnesota--History | Alberta--History
Type:Text | Sound recording | Cartographic
Genre:Field notes | Vocabularies | Maps | Oral histories | Conversations | Stories | Grammars
Extent:2.75 linear feet
Description: Almost all of the Charles E. Fiero Papers reflect varieties of Ojibwe/Anishinaabemowin. Fiero, a missionary linguist, is best known within the field for creating the double-vowel orthography. Series I (the bulk) contains manuscripts, while Series II contains a small volume of digital media that has yet to be transferred. The collection represents fieldwork originally done between 1957 and 1993 (bulk 1957-1970s), chronologically arranged by date of first fieldwork, and contains many retranscriptions and reanalyses by Fiero from subsequent decades, illustrating his understanding of the material. The fieldnotes mostly comprise lexica and texts, and individual folders typically contain detailed background information. Fieldwork was mostly conducted in Ontario. Place names include: Berens River, Deer Lake, Pauingassi, Pikangikum, Poplar Hill, Red Lake, White Earth, Cat Lake, Doghole Bar, Fort Hope, Grassy Narrows, McDowell Lake, North Spirit Lake, and Pickle Lake.
Collection:Charles E. Fiero Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.187)
Culture:
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Date:1927-1949
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Holden, James E. | Laulin, Gladys | Solenberger, R. R. (Robert R.) | Thayer, B. W. | Burgesse, J. Allan | Woodman, Henry | Downes, P. G. (Prentice Gilbert), 1909- | Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Learmouth, D. H.
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Hunting | Religion | Folklore | Social life and customs | Art | Material culture | Specimens | Ontario--History | Québec (Province)--History
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Correspondence | Reviews | Stories | Maps
Extent:14 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Ojibwe language, history, and culture. Includes 15 pages of Tamagami [Temagami First Nation] myths and five texts in English; 21 pages of Matagama Ojibwe [Mattagami First Nation] notes, including a 2-page phonetic key, a letter from Speck to Samuel (i.e., James) Miller of Gogama requesting ethnographic and map data, 2 maps (one of Mattagami hunting territories), typed reading notes, and a sketch of a play for Mattagama Otcipwe [sic]; a Christmas circular letter telling the story of a Chippewa [Ojibwe] boy returning home for Dance; a copy of Speck's favorable review of Sister Bernard Coleman, "Decorative designs of the Ojibwa of northern Minnesota" [Printed, Speck (1949).]; and a brief popular account on Ojibwe hunting territories by Speck, refuting Roosevelt (1889-1896), who had denied that Indians have a sense of property, along with two pages of notes. Also includes several folders of correspondence, including correspondence with A. I. Hallowell in which Hallowell describes a field trip to the Berens River Saulteaux, Sweet Grass Cree (mentions attitude of Cree to Leonard Bloomfield), and Cold Lake Chipewyan, festivals, etc., and a letter from Speck to Hallowell with pencilled responses of Hallowell to questions asked; letters from D. H. Learmouth, a factor for Hudson's Bay Company at Waswanippi, recounting his experiences in adjudicating Matagama land inheritance and providing ethnographic data sought by Speck from Samuel (i.e., James) Miller of Gogama and data on hunting territories; letters from James E. Holden concerning unsuccessful attempts to purchase baskets at Nipigon; letters from J. Allan Burgesse regarding the Matagama Ojibwe and enclosing a drawing of a "flesher"and a list of hunting territories and biographical information on owners; a letter from Robert Solenberger concerning Tonawanda [Seneca] and Chippewa [Ojibwe] women who make baskets and giving their addresses; a letter from B. W. Thayer concerning Ojibwe beadwork found during a Minnesota field trip; a letter from Henry Woodman discussing the decline of crafts among Bear Island Indians (Temagami); a letter from Prentice Gilbert Downes about the circumboreal region, disucssing his visit to Naskapi near Davis Inlet, to Cree, and to Chippewas, along with 2 pages of notes (Speck?) in French-English, discussing changes in Indian culture; and a letter from Speck to Chief Mitchele Buckshot in Maniwaki, Quebec requesting buckskin and beadwork.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Language:Cree, Swampy | English
Date:1950s
Contributor:Ellis, C. D. (Clarence Douglas), 1923- | Linklater, Joe
Subject:Folklore | Hunting | Linguistics | Ontario--History
Type:Sound recording
Extent:6 min. : DIGITIZED
Description: The Omushkego materials in the Ilse Lehiste Papers consist of 4 audio recordings: 3 are stories relating to moose hunting and polar bears, told mainly by Joe Linklater at Fort Albany / Kashechewan, and one of an unidentified song. (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)
Collection:Ilse Lehiste papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.62)
Culture:
Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1909, 1950
Contributor:Barbeau, Marius, 1883-1969 | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Hickerson, Harold, 1923- | Hickerson, Nancy Parrott | Ninham, John Alexander | Turner, Glen D.
Subject:Linguistics | Ontario--History
Type:Text
Genre:Biographies | Vocabularies
Extent:approx. 100 pages
Description: The Oneida materials in the ACLS collection consist of three items. The first two are located in the "Oneida" section of the finding aid. One is Marius Barbeau's vocabularies (item I1b.2, "Oneida dialect") with a set of verbal paradigms, parts of the body, natural objects, etc., vocabularies found appended to Jacques Cartier's account of his first and second voyages, and a biography of consultant John Alexander Ninham, an Oneida of Munsie Reserve residing at Grand River Reserve. The other is a brief text (item I1b.1) was recorded by Boas in 1909 and verified by John Alexander Ninham. In the "Iroquois (Haudenosaunee)" section of the finding aid also, see "Material on Iroquois dialects" (item I1.3), which includes biographical and some linguistic information on Oneida, conducted as part of a broader comparative study of Iroquoian languages, for which accompanying audio materials can be found in the "Material on Iroquois Dialects and Languages" collection (Mss.Rec.13).
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)