Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Mohegan materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Pequot

Mohegan

Nanticoke

Language:English | Mohegan-Pequot

Date:1897-1943

Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Butler, Eva L. | Prince, John Dyneley, 1868-1945 | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys | Ward, Christopher, 1868-1943

Type:Text | Still Image

Extent:11 folders, 30 photos

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Mohegan language, history, and culture. Includes Mohegan miscellaneous notes and correspondence from 1916-1943 including commentary on Fidelia Fielding's Texts, notes for 1920 Pequot trip with Nehantic and Pennacook notes, letters from the Honorable Thomas W. Bicknell to Speck concerning Indians in Rhode Island, notes on Mohegan social organization, 1 page of incomplete letter of Red Wing concerning Indian affairs, miscellaneous Stockbridge notes, George Heye to Speck regarding publication, John R. Swanton to Speck concerning his exhibition for Mohegan Stockbridge, postal card from Princess Pretty War regarding dress, Ernest E. Rogers to Speck regarding Speck's Mohegan-Pequot Diary, etc.; Pequot miscellaneous notes and correspondence from 1922-1941 including two cards with Mohegan names, 7 pages of reading notes, 1 page of animal names, a letter from Harral Ayres to the Smithsonian Institution concerning Connecticut place names, and a letter from Gertrude Bell Browne to Speck concerning seventeenth-century Pequot-Mohegan Mohegan-Pequot texts and vocabulary materials, notes and drafts relating to Speck (1928a); letters to his mother concerning his activities among Indians at Mohegan, Connecticut; copy for a news release on a Mohegan election; correspondence with Gladys Tantaquidgeon; "Mohegan Land Deeds," a pamplet containing 22 seventeenth-century deeds signed by Mohegans, taken from Connecticut archival sources; 21 cards with notes on trees and uses of their products; Prince's 1907 letter of recommendation for Speck, discussing Speck's work, as a student, on the Pequot dialect of Mohegan-Pequots, Algic, and Yuchi; and Ward's correspondence with Speck regarding the printing of extra copies of Speck's Nanticoke study by the Historical Society of Delaware. Some manuscripts written by Gladys Tantaquidgeon, not about Mohegan matters, have been identified among Speck's notes on the Delaware, Wampanoag, and Innu. There may be other manuscripts in the collection written by hand but not yet identified. In Series III (Photographs), there are about 30 Mohegan-related photographs, some possibly taken by Gladys Tantaquidgeon. In Series IV (Lantern slides), there are 9 images, some of which may be duplicate images of those among the general photos. Lastly, Series V (Maps) contains a small number of maps of Mohegan lands.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Muscogee (Creek) materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Muscogee includes: Muskogee, Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek

Language:English | Muscogee | Yuchi

Date:1904-1947

Type:Text | Three-dimensional object

Extent:14 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Creek history, language, and culture. Includes Speck's own notes and work, including "Notes on Social and Economic Conditions Among the Creek Indians of Alabama in 1941" (published as Speck 1947); an undated earlier version of that essay titled "Creek Indians Surviving in Alabama"; 115 pages of linguistic notes from Taskigitown, dated 1904-1905 and organized by categories; Creek and Yuchi songs; Creek and Yuchi Dance; 98 pages of Creek texts, including some interlineal translations, and related notes dated 1904-1905; and 35 pages of miscellaneous notes and letters on topics like dances, language, clothing, myths, handicrafts, and fieldwork. Also includes two botanical specimens--Coopti (Zamia floridana) used by Seminoles, 1941 and Ilex vomitoria Ait, used by Creeks--accompanied by letters to Speck from Richard Evans Schultes concerning Houma Botany; two letters from female students at the Haskell Institute in 1940 (Leona Giger writes of a Creek doll she is making and mentions the council house at Okmulgee, Oklahoma, while Ann Rolland offers to answer questions on Creek use of feathers); a letter from Morris Opler regarding Opler's work among the Creeks, as well as an essay by Opler about the organization, history, and social and political significance of Creek towns; a letter from Mario Gamio acknowledging the receipt of a Creek Indian pamphlet; and a letter from D'Arcy McNickle returning to Speck photographs of the Creek Indians of Atmore, Alabama to prevent them from getting lost and mentioning that his manuscript of the report is still being copied.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Nahuatl materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Nahua

Language:English | Nahuatl (macrolanguage) | Nahuatl, Highland Puebla | Nahuatl, Tetelcingo | Nahuatl, Western Huasteca

Date:1944-1969 and undated

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Croft, Kenneth | McKinlay, Archibald | Turner, Glen D. | García de León, Antonio

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography

Type:Text

Extent:17 folders, 1 box

Description: Several items relating to the Nahuatl language of the Nahua (Aztec) culture have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They are mostly in Subcollection II. However, there is also relevant correspondence with Glen Turner in Subcollection I, Series I. Correspondence. Materials in Subcollection II include relevant correspondence with Kenneth Croft (regarding Croft's Nahuatl fieldwork in Mexico) and Antonio Garcia de Leon (a brief note in Spanish on Nahua work) in Series I. Correspondence; "Nahuatl" and "Zacapoaxtlateco (Nahuatl)" folders in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries IX. Uto-Aztecan, except Hopi. Nahuatl is also one of the languages Voegelin considered in a grammatical analysis of Uto-Aztecan languages. Drafts of seven chapters of this work can be found in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III: Uto-Aztecan book. There are five items in Series IV. Works by Others: Kenneth Croft's "Matlapa Nahuatl: Morpheme Shapes and Affix List," "Matlapa and Classical Nahuatl with Comparative Notes on the Two Dialects" (1953), and "Phonemics and Morphemics of Matlapa Nahuatl: With a Critical Bibliography Covering Six Decades of Nahuatl Linguistics" (1951); and Archibald McKinlay's "The Phonemes of Northern Puebla Aztec" (1944) and "The Tense-Aspect System of the Aztec of Northern Puebla." McKinlay's language community has been identified as Barrio de Xalacapan, Municipio de Zacapoaxtla, Puebla, Mexico. These are part of his report for Summer Institute of Linguistics, and include a cover letter from McKinlay to Voegelin. Finally, there is a box of Tetelcingo Nahuatl material (with Hopi comparison) containing 171 comparative vocabulary slips in Series V. Card Files.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Nahuatl materials, William O. Bright Papers

Culture:

Nahua

Language:Nahuatl (macrolanguage) | Nahuatl, Isthmus-Pajapan | English | Spanish

Date:ca.1940s-2003

Type:Text

Extent:2 linear feet

Description: William Bright's Nahuatl materials are sizeable and cover his entire research life, mostly consisting of his own work from the 1960s and 1990s (Series 4), and many copies of small publications throughout his life (Series 2). Of note in the small publications is almost every issue of “Nahua Newsletter” (Indiana University) between 1986 and 2004, issues 1-18 of “Mexihkatl Itonalama”, and several 1940s-1960s SIL-archived publications. From his own work (Series 4) are interlinear glosses of Nahuatl texts, materials in preparation for taught courses at UCLA, products of brief fieldwork in Ixmiquilpan, Mexico, 1966, working versions of two of his own publications, and further linguistic analysis. He also corresponded with several linguists on Nahuatl varieties (Series 1), including Una Canger, who gave him a copy of the Copenhagen Nahuatl Dictionary Project.

Collection:William O. Bright Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.142)

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Natchez materials, Mary R. Haas Papers

Culture:

Tunica

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Natchez

Koasati includes: Coushatta

Chickasaw

Choctaw includes: Chahta

Creek

Chitimacha

Apalachee

Alabama includes: Alibamu

Atakapa includes: Atacapa

Date:ca.1934-1960s

Contributor:Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Sam, Watt | Raven, Nancy | Leaf, Peggy

Subject:Linguistics | Ethnography | Folklore | Genealogy

Type:Text | Sound recording

Extent:5 linear feet

Description: Mary Haas' Natchez file is one of her largest, and relatively little was published from it during her lifetime. She conducted fieldwork with Watt Sam, Nancy Raven and Peggy Leaf, captured in twelve field notebooks in Series 2. A large volume of texts were elicited here and later typeset, with different versions also present in Series 2. Particularly extensive is Haas' set of Natchez lexical slips, amounting to 7 boxes (likely over 10,000 slips), including (in addition to full alphabetizations) grammatical analyses and comparisons with other languages. There are some sound recordings in Series 10. Haas' fieldwork on Natchez and other neighboring languages was used as partial evidence for the Gulf hypothesis, for which comparisons are abundant also in Series 9. Additionally, Haas corresponded with a large number of linguists (Series 1).

Collection:Mary R. Haas Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.94)

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Nootka ethnographic and linguistic materials

Culture:

Nuu-chah-nulth includes: Nootka, Nutka, Aht, Westcoast

Language:English | Nuu-chah-nulth

Date:circa 1900-1920

Contributor:Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Thomas, Alex | Williams, Frank

Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Folklore | Linguistics | British Columbia--History

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Drafts | Vocabularies | Notes | Stories

Extent:2 reels

Description: These materials were compiled by various anthropologists: Edward Sapir, Franz Boas, Alex Thomas, and Frank Williams. Sapir (ca. 1920) collected and annotated a series of Nootka ethnographic and legendary texts (600 pages of materials), initially intended as a third volume of Sapir and Swadesh, Nootka Texts (1939). Boas (ca. 1900-1913) contributed Nootka vocabularies and grammatical notes (100 slips and 100 pages). Thomas obtained Nootka texts for the collection (ca. 1910-1920). Originals at the National Museum of Canada, Ottawa.

Collection:Nootka ethnographic and linguistic materials (Mss.Film.687)

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Penobscot materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet

Zuni includes: A:shiwi

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki

Penobscot

Passamaquoddy includes: Peskotomuhkati

Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac

Mohegan

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Abenaki includes: Abnaki

Language:English | Abenaki, Eastern

Date:1908-1947

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:27 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Penobscot language, history, and culture, and his preparation of his book Penobscot Man. This includes several folders of Speck's field notes, notes organized around specific topics (including data not used in Speck's published works), copies and drafts of lectures and essays, correspondence, etc. Topics include Penobscot social organization, calendar system, house furnishings, hunting morality, animal lore, religion, art, sayings, alphabet, counting and measuring, canoe-making, face-painting, texts with interlineal translations, and "Bird Lore of the Northern Indians" (a faculty public lecture at the University of Pennsylvania). Additionally, significant correspondence concerns the preparation, expenses, dissemination, and reception of his Penobscot publications. Other topics of correspondence include Ethel Gandy's monograph on Penobscot art; names of chiefs and their clans; "clown" performances outside of the southwest among the Penobscot, Iroquois [Haudenosaunee], Abenaki, and Delaware; place names; the relationship of Penobscot-Mohegan and Mahican; a comparison of Zuni-Navajo and Red Paint; Tutelo. There is a particularly large folder of Speck's miscellaneous Penobscot notes containing both a variety of notes and correspondence from Penobscot consultants as well as non-Native colleagues. These include letters from Roland E. Nelson (Needahbeh, Penobscot) concerning drum for exhibit; letters from Nelson, Franz Boas, John M. Cooper, William B. Goodwin, E. V. McCollum, and J. Dyneley Prince, all concerning Penobscot Man; Clifford P. Wilson concerning moosehair embroidery; Edward Reman concerning Norse influence on Penobscot; Carrie A. Lyford concerning moose-wool controversy and Ann Stimson's report; Ann Stimson, letter of thanks; Henry Noyes Otis concerning genealogy of Indians named Sias on Cape Cod (Speck marked this Penobscot); Princess Pretty Woman (Passamaquoddy) concerning her dress (apparently at the Penn Museum); Dorothy Ranco (Penobscot) concerning Princess Pretty Woman's dress; Roland W. Mann, concerning site of Indian occupancy according to Penobscot tradition; Ryuzo Torii, letter of introduction. Other miscellaneous items include a 5-page transcript of agreements between Indians of Nova Scotia and the English, August 15, 1749; 2 pages, transcript of agreement of July 13, 1727 (letter of transmittal, Lloyd Price to Miss MacDonald, September 24, 1936); Ann K. Stimson, Moose Wool and Climbing Powers of the American Mink; miscellaneous field notes on topics like songs, kinship, totem, medicine, and social units; and 4 pages of Penobscot words and their cultural use.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Pima Bajo materials, John Alden Mason Papers

Culture:

Yaqui includes: Hiaki, Yoeme

Tepehuán includes: Tepehuanes, Tepehuano

Pima Bajo includes: Lower Pima, Mountain Pima, O'ob

Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho

Date:1953-1965

Contributor:Brugge, David M. | Mason, John Alden, 1885-1967

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:12 items

Description: Materials relating to Pima Bajo language and culture. Most items are attributed to David M. Brugge, though some include notes or comments by John Alden Mason. Materials include 10 pages of Lower Pima [Pima Bajo] notes, part of Brugge's contribution to an article co-authored with Mason; 85 pages of notes, drafts, letters, etc. relating to the same article, including bibliographic items and a linguistic map of northwestern Mexico; a file of correspondence, draft reports on, and expenses for a 1953 Nevome [aka Lower Pima, Pima Bajo] or Lower Pima Expedition, a research trip to Sonora, Mexico (correspondents include Dale S. King, James McConnell, Edward H. Spicer, Fernando Pesqueira, David Lopez Molina, Robert J. Weitlaner, John E. Heimnick, and Robert J. Drake); 13 pages of Nevome [Pima Bajo] Vocabularies, with notes from three informants at Santa Ana rancheria near Onavas, Sonora; 2 pages of Nevome [Pima Bajo] grammatical notes, primarily a listing of locative particles and adverbs, from an unspecified source; circa 1,000 cards of Pima Bajo linguistics notes (alphabetically arranged), most with English translation and some keyed to informant, along with three letters between Brugge and Mason discussing the language and Brugge's work; 25 pages of notes on Yaqui and Northern Tepehuan recordings to be sent to Indiana University, including the contents of Southern Tepehuan recordings (in hand of John Alden Mason), two Pima Bajo texts, Spanish translations for four texts, and a phonetic key for Pima Bajo; and Brugge's "History of the Pima Bajo of the mountains" (1960) a ten-page essay discussing information from historical and archaeological sources regarding the Pima in the villages of Yecora and Maicoba, Sonora, and Yepachic and Moris, Chihuahua. Three items, all written from Gallup, New Mexico, are described as "Brugge-Annon trip to Sonora-Log, itinerary, list of photos, journal. Letter to John Alden Mason." Dated February 1956, #4670 gives identification for two photographs showing pottery and baskets and for two showing terrain near Rancho Los Tepalcates; #4671 (March 1956) gives information about baskets shown in four photos (two photos lacking); and #4672 (June 1958) concerns mistreatment of Maicoba Pimas by whites, i.e., the taking of land, cattle, church offerings, etc. A Brugge-Annon trip is also mentioned in #4668, Brugge's correspondence with Mason 1955-1960, which totals 175 pages and concerns Brugge's work on Pima Bajo and Navajo; problems arising from mistreatment of Maicoba Pimas by whites; log, itinerary, list of photographs, and journal of Brugge-Annon trip to Sonora; correspondence with the Wenner-Grenn Foundation and Paul Fejos; and an essay on distribution, religion, fiestas, social structure, economy, houses and furnishings, handicrafts, etc., of the Pima Bajo.

Collection:John Alden Mason Papers (Mss.B.M384)

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Sahaptin materials, Virginia D. Hymes Papers

Culture:

Tenino

Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin

Language:Tenino | English

Date:1950s-1980s, bulk 1970s-1980s

Type:Text

Extent:10 linear feet

Description: The majority of the Virginia D. Hymes Papers relate to her work on the Warm Springs Reservation. This includes all or most of Series I, II, III and V. Series V (Card Files) contains around 35000 lexical files compiled by Hymes as well as David and Kay French and an unidentified researcher. Series III (Research Files) contains fieldnotes, texts and dictionary files. Series I (Correspondence) and IV (Works by Others) also mostly relate to Sahaptin research by others, including Bruce Rigsby (Yakima and Umatilla Sahaptin), Virginia Beavert, and Eugene Hunn.

Collection:Virginia D. Hymes Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.189)

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Seminole cultural materials, Mary R. Haas Papers

Culture:

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Language:English | Muscogee | Mikasuki

Date:1940s-1970s (bulk 1973-1974)

Subject:Linguistics | Language study and teaching | Ethnography | Rites and ceremonies | Religion

Type:Text | Still Image | Sound recording

Genre:Books | Photographs | Drafts | Essays

Extent:0.5 linear feet

Description: This entry refers only to Seminole cultural materials. For linguistic materials, see Creek and Mikasuki entries. In 1973-1974, Mary Haas visited the Seminole Bilingual Project in Ada, Oklahoma, making extensive of audio recordings of the meetings of the project (Series 10, all available in the Digital Library), and attending and photographing ceremonies (Series 11). Haas also acquired a number of books from the Seminole Bilingual Project, and made notes on the language variety spoken in Seminole County, Oklahoma, from the same trip, all found in Series 2 Subseries 'Creek'. Additionally there are occasional offprints and drafts of others' papers on Florida Seminole.

Collection:Mary R. Haas Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.94)