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Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1741-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Ettwein, John, 1721-1802 | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808 | Loskiel, George Henry, 1740-1814
Subject:Missions | Moravians | Religion | Social life and customs | Pennsylvania--History | Ohio--History | North Carolina--History | Politics and government | Government relations | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Reports | Journals | Autobiographies | Memoranda
Extent:1 reel
Description: Materials from the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. These papers include letters, reports, and journals relating to Indians, Moravian missions, and communities at Salem (N.C.), Bethlehem (Pa.), and Gnadenhütten, Muskingum, and Fairfield in Upper Canada. Also included are personal correspondence and an autobiography. Contains 86 letters, journals, reports, etc., pertaining to the travels and missionary activities of Heckewelder, mostly in German. Also includes 7 journals, memoranda, and miscellaneous materials of David Zeisberger, pertaining to his years with Indians. Many of the former materials were utilized and published by Paul A. W. Wallace (1958); the latter includes Zeisberger's Memoranda on Indians; Journey to the Six Nations (Haudenosaunee), Nanticokes and Shawanees (Shawnee) in April, 1752, to July, 1752; Conrad Weiser, Observations made on the pamphlet entitled "An enquiry ... [1759]"; Birth records for the 1780s at Friedenshutten and Gnadenhütten; Catalogue of Indians baptized by the United Brethren, 1765-1814 (721 names); and a memorandum of Zeisberger on the Onondaga.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and manuscripts (Mss.Film.514)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1780-1826
Subject:Missions | Moravians | Warfare | Surveying | Land tenure | Land claims | Religion | Ohio--History | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Diaries | Reports
Extent:8 items
Description: Letters and papers of Moravian missionary John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder concerning Native Americans, particularly Delawares, from originals at the Massachusetts Historical Society and Harvard University. Correspondence includes 3 letters (1780-1781) from Heckewelder to Daniel Brodhead regarding war with Native peoples, Wyandot and Delaware raiding parties, and aid from Killbuck. Two more letters, from Heckewelder to unknown recipients, concern the discontinuation of a survey for Moravian Indian lands on the Muskingum River due to danger from Indians (1789) and, later, claims on the Indian lands on the Muskingum for Moravian Indian mission towns (1796). There is also a report titled "Information respecting British conduct and the Indian war, June 17-23, 1793," containing information on British "meddling" in Indian affairs received from William Henry (Killbuck, Jr.) and others. Finally, there is a letter to the editor of the North American Review, signed R. S. T., about Heckewelder's experience among the Delaware and other Moravian Indians and objecting that Lewis Cass (1826) had overestimated Heckewelder's experience and influence; and a 13-page diary in which Cass defends the experience and influence of Heckewelder as a missionary at Thames River and Gnadenhutten.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and papers, 1789-1796 (Mss.Film.805.2)
Culture:
Date:1800-1893
Contributor:Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Henry, Mathew Schropp, 1790-1862 | Edwards, Howard, 1833-1925? | Henry, Joseph J. | Winsor, Henry | Murray, Nicholas, 1802-1861 | Brickenstein, H. A. | Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Society of the United Brethren for Propagating the Gospel Among the Heathen | Russell, Jonathan, 1771-1832
Subject:Linguistics | Missions | Pennsylvania--History | Place names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Memoranda | Vocabularies
Extent:21 items
Description: Items relating to Lenape materials at the American Philosophical Society, generally referred to as "Delaware" in the original materials. Topics include requests for materials (a loan of a map of the "Indian Walk," or Walking Purchase, 1737; the Society of the United Brethren for Propagating the Gospel Among the Heathens wants the return of documents deposited by the Brethren for Heckewelder as listed in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1); requests for information (on David Zeisberger as a missionary to the Indians); of materials (Zeisberger's Delaware grammar; John G. E. Heckewelder's paper on Personal names; Heckewelder's edits in case of a second edition of his Account of the Indian nations (1819)); donated materials (Roth's "Life of Christ" in Delaware, #1176; a French translation of Heckewelder's account done by Chevalier John Du Ponceau; materials from Heckwelder himself; documents relating to the Paxton boys from Samuel Fisher; authentic extracts of official Swedish papers relative to their settlements in America as well as translations of extracts of Acrelius (1759)); Heckewelder's Delaware grammar and work in general; a list of botanical names with equivalents in Delaware, Onondaga, and occasionally Munsee; Matthew S. Henry's work on a dictionary of Place names (#1164) and his comparison of Heckwelder and Rev. Jesse Vogler; and Peter S. du Ponceau's own work on Native languages (mentions Delaware, Arawak, Natchez, Yuchi, Ojibwe, and Mahican) and his work for the APS. Other individuals mentioned include Robert M. Patterson, Zaccheus Collins, Mathew Carey, Daniel G. Brinton, Sir William Johnson, Severin Lorich, Charles Pickering, Samuel S. Haldeman, Rev. der Schweinitz, Usher Parsons, and John Vaughan.
Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)
Culture:
Date:1895-1948
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Peters, Nicodemus | Moses, Jesse | Springer, Ethel M. (Ethel Maria), 1880- | Witapanóxwe | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Montour, Josiah | Washington, Fred | Washington, Jane | Washington, Joe | Greywacz, Kathryn B. | Lilly, Eli, 1885-1977 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Shoemaker, Henry W., 1880-1958 | Wallace, Paul A. W. | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Anderson, George | Hill, Jasper (Big White Owl)
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | Museums | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Material culture | Peyote | Religion | Art | Folklore | Place names | Botany | Oklahoma--History | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Drafts | Essays | Sketches | Photographs | Reports
Extent:57 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Lenape (or "Delaware") history, language, and culture. Speck's correspondence with Delaware collaborators in Oklahoma relating to Lenape history, ethnographic data, linguistics, museum specimens, and reservation affairs, etc., might be of particular interest; there are also several tales related by Witapanóxwe, or War Eagle, other tales and texts (some with interlineal translation) from Josiah Montour and other unknown contributors, and 11 sketches of Lenape art designs. Other correspondence touches on Speck's efforts to collect specimens (and individuals and institutions interested in acquiring them), his efforts to collect paintings and sketches of ceremonies and designs, his fieldwork and expenses, financial support from the University of Pennsylvania and Indiana Historical Society, Shawnee data on Oklahoma Delawares, the Big House Ceremony, efforts to acquire a Delaware Big House to erect in Harrisburg, Delawares-as-women, etc. There are also at least 82 pages (in three folders) of Speck's field notes of ethnographic and linguistic data, and over 50 pages (in two folders) of Speck's miscellaneous notes (including some correspondence) on topics such as Gladys Tantaquidgeon and Lenape designs, botanical specimens, linguistic materials, museum specimens, the Walam Olum, the "Six Nation Delaware reservation", the celestial bear theme, native religion, reviews of Speck's publications, etc. Other notes cover Delaware grammar and vocabulary, Delaware clans and social organization, dualism in Delaware religion, the influence of Christianity on Delaware religion, the provenance of Delaware museum specimens obtained from Delawares in Oklahoma and Canada, biographical information on Joseph Montur and Nicodemus Peters, etc. There are also various drafts, essays, lectures and other writings by Speck on topics such as Delaware religion, ceremonies, peyote rites, designs, population, remnant populations in the east, history, place names, a Delaware bibliography and a notebook of reports to the University of Pennsylvania Research Committee on fieldwork among Oklahoma Delaware, St. Francis Abenaki, Munsee and Six Nations (Haudenosaunee) Delaware, Tutelo, Cayuga, 1931-1936.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Piscataway includes: Conoy
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:October 3, 1738; April 1756; March 10, 1778; January 13, 1788; March 4, 1856
Contributor:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission | Logan, James, 1674-1751 | Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Vogler, Jesse | Montour, Andrew | Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826 | Pennsylvania. Provincial Council | Peters, Richard, 1704-1776 | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808
Subject:Government relations | Pennsylvania--History | Missions | Moravians | Linguistics | Treaties | Diplomacy | Ohio--History | Place names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Minutes | Speeches | Reports
Extent:10 items
Description: Relevant materials can be found in the finding aid under the specific dates listed. Materials include information relations with the colony of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania's Indian affairs more generally, particularly Quaker involvement, embassies to Wyoming (PA) and elsewhere, and gifts for Indians; Indian relations with the federal government of the United States; Delaware materials in the Moravian Archives at Bethlehem and elsewhere; review of Du Ponceau's Delaware Grammar in Revue Encyclopedique; Place names; Heckewelder's Account of the Indian nations; Harrison's 1803 treaty with the Delawares and other Indians at Fort Wayne; Indian settlements in Ohio, and the difficulty of Christian Indians; a Delaware spelling book with vocabularies. Other individuals mentioned include Nookamis, "Sandusky Indian," Ettwein, Zeisberger, and Paul A.W. Wallace.
Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)
Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Date:1928, 1970, 1973-1974, 1980, 1994-1995
Contributor:Becker, Marshall Joseph | Goddard, Ives, 1941- | Masthay, Carl | Roark-Calnek, Sue N., 1936- | Schutt, Amy C. | Swan, Daniel C. | Witapanóxwe
Subject:Archaeology | Missions | Music | Oklahoma--History | Pennsylvania--History | Religion | Rites and ceremonies
Type:Text
Genre:Dissertations | Reports | Songs | Speeches | Transcriptions | Vocabularies
Extent:1267 pages
Description: The Lenape (or "Delaware") materials in the Phillips Fund collection consist of 7 items. Materials in this collection are listed alphabetically by last name of author. See materials listed under Becker, Goddard, Masthay, Roark-Calnek, Schutt, and Swan.
Collection:Phillips Fund for Native American Research Collection (Mss.497.3.Am4)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1798-1897
Contributor:Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Mitchill, Samuel L. (Samuel Latham), 1764-1831 | Brinton, Daniel G. (Daniel Garrison), 1837-1899 | Barbour, James, 1775-1842 | Collin, Nicholas, 1746-1831
Subject:Linguistics | Social life and customs | Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) | United States Exploring Expedition (1838-1842)
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Catalogs
Extent:34 items
Description: Items relating to linguists and languages of the Americas. Bulk is the correspondence of Peter S. du Ponceau with Thomas Jefferson, Friedrich von Adelung, John Quincy Adams, John Vaughan, Johann S. Vater, John G. E. Heckewelder, Albert Gallatin, George Ord, and others regarding topics such as linguistics; Native languages and customs; acquiring publications for the American Philosophical Society Library; forwarding publications to others; philological essays; legal essays; Europeans' study of American Indian languages; the efforts of the Historical and Literary Committee and its pursuit of languages, especially comparative grammars; his own collection of Vocabularies; his work as an editor and linguist, including his addition to Barton (1797); Long's expedition and western vocabularies now in print; the origin of the American Indian; Byrd's manuscript of the North Carolina-Virginia boundary; the importance of comparative grammars instead of mere word-hunting; the Lewis and Clark journals; his search for Southern languages; Adelung's comment that Jefferson knew of a Mexican manuscript at New Orleans, and that Washington and others had supplied vocabularies to Catherine the Great; and plans for William Penn papers. Other items of interest include APS reports, including "Catalogue of historical manuscripts in the American Philosophical Society," Du Ponceau's "Report upon philology...and Report upon ethnography," and a letter to Mahlon Dickerson discussing objectives and scientific methods to be used on U. S. exploring expedition.
Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)
Culture:
Unangan includes: Aleut, Unangas, Unangax̂, Алеу́ты, Унаӈан, Унаӈас
Scaticook includes: Scatticook, Schaghticoke
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Chibcha includes: Muysca, Muisca
Language:English
Date:April 11, 1803; November 1, 1953
Contributor:Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 1767-1835 | Witthoft, John
Subject:Linguistics | Moravians | Missions | Pennsylvania--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Reports
Extent:2 items
Description: Item 1: Letter from Humboldt to William Smith asking for a copy of Barton (New Views of the Origin of the Tribes and Nations of America, 1797), and any other works pertaining to North and Middle American languages. Item 2: Witthoft's "Preliminary listing of resources in American Indian languages in the Archives of the Moravian Church." Includes eighteenth- and nineteenth-century materials described as "Algonquin, Delaware, Iroquois, Mohawk, Onondaga, Eskimo, Cherokee, Checameca, Mahican, and Scatticook". Compilers include Zeisberger, Pyrlaeus, Dencke, Heckewelder, Gambold, Ettwein, etc.
Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)
Culture:
Date:1735-1900
Contributor:Moravian Archives (Bethlehem, Pa.)
Subject:Moravians | Moravian Church | Missions | Linguistics | Religion | Social life and customs | Government relations
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Diaries | Reports | Minutes | Church records
Extent:40 reels
Description: This collection contains correspondence, diaries, reports, letters, conference minutes, church registers and catalogs, and other papers documenting the work of Moravian missionaries among the Indians of North America. Includes language materials in Delaware, Creek, Mohawk, and Onondaga; and materials pertaining to the Chippewa, Cherokee, Nanticoke, and Shawnee. Materials cover New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Kansas, Georgia, Oklahoma, and Ontario. Originals in the Archives of the Moravian Church, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
Collection:Moravian mission among the Indians of North America records, 1735-1900 (inclusive), [microform] (Mss.Film.1279)
Culture:
Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot
Odawa includes: Ottawa
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Language:English
Date:circa 1951-1953
Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015
Subject:Land tenure | Land claims | United States. Indian Claims Commission | Anthropology | Ohio--History | Government relations | Politics and government
Type:Text
Genre:Legal documents | Notes | Essays | Correspondence | Reports
Extent:17 folders; 3 boxes
Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 20 items directly pertaining to the peoples Wallace called the "Ohio tribes" have been identified. Most of the materials are are located in Series IX. Indian Claims, and relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims. They include copies of and extracts from primary and secondary sources, research notes, tribal histories, court dockets, trial memoranda, and correspondence. There are also research notecards with notes from primary and secondary sources in Series III. Notecards. Series IV. Works by Wallace, A. Professional contains Wallace's Ohio Indians and Haudenosaunee claims reports to lawyers detailing Haudenosaunee, Shawnee, Delaware, Wyandot, Odawa, Miami, and Illinois occupation of Ohio from 1649-1794. In the same series, B. Creative Writing contains a draft of what Wallace called his "Ohio Novel," a fictionalized account of the murder of John Armstrong, Woodworth Arnold, and James Smith by Delawares in 1744 and subsequent events through the Seven Years' War. However, most of the Ohio items pertain to claims to Ohio lands by the Delaware, Shawnee, and Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), and there is overlap with the entries for each of those groups. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.
Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)