Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 17 items directly pertaining to the related Algonquian peoples known as the Illinois have been identified. Most of these materials are located in Series IX. Indian Claims, and relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims. They include research note cards (located in Series III. Notecards), research notes and write-ups, copies and extracts of primary sources, court dockets, trial memoranda, tribal histories, and correspondence with historical societies and legal representives of the claimants. There are also materials relating specifically to the Peoria and Kaskaskia peoples of the Illinois, including dockets naming them as claimants, trial memoranda, and research notes. Note that much of Wallace's material on the Illinois also mentions the Miami, Iowa, Sac and Fox (Meskwaki), and other neighboring peoples, and that there is a great deal of overlap in these entries. See also the Louis Rochmes file in Series I. Correspondence. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Journal, 1760, of the great council of the different Indian nations

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Shawnee

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Mingo

Nanticoke

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1760

Contributor:Post, Christian Frederick, 1710?-1785 | Hays, John, 1729 or 1730-1796 | Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Journals | Travel narratives

Extent:1 reel

Description: Christian Frederick Post was a Moravian missionary and observer of Native peoples and cultures; he was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1768. This journal of Post's, who was in the company of fellow colonist John Hays and Delaware leader Teedyuscung (and also mentions Delawares Isaac Still and Moses Tattamy), relates to Post's mission as a representative of the Governor and Council of Pennsylvania to the Ohio Valley Indians and the conference held near the Ohio River in 1760. Copy in clerk's hand. Concerning message carried to Mingos (Haudenosaunee, in the Ohio Valley) and other Ohio Indians, return of colonists taken captive during the Seven Years' War, and other happenings on the journey. Includes description of conjuring ceremony. This is a microfilm of an original in possession of Mrs. Henry P. Gummere.

Collection:Journal, 1760, of the great council of the different Indian nations (Mss.Film.204)

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Journey with the commissioners to the Indian treaty

Culture:

Shawnee

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:English

Date:circa 1793-1819

Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:1 reel

Description: This journal of Moravian missionary John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder covers travels among the Indians to a conference in Detroit in 1793. Includes a list of the names of different Indian nations in North America, their locations, and number of fighting men. Also contains miscellaneous materials: a letter from Heckewelder to Mordecai Churchman, October 5, 1819, mentioning Peter S. Du Ponceau; engraving of Heckewelder possibly from a painting at the American Philosophical Society; a 1-page letter of Maria Heckewelder to Matthew S. Henry requesting him to relinquish the volume; and some Heckewelder letters. Originals at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

Collection:Journey with the commissioners to the Indian treaty (Mss.Film.805.1)

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Lenape materials, American Philosophical Society Archives

Culture:

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Taíno includes: Arawak

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Munsee

Natchez

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Lokono includes: Arawak

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Delaware | Onondaga | Munsee

Date:1800-1893

Subject:Linguistics | Missions | Pennsylvania--History | Place names

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Memoranda | Vocabularies

Extent:21 items

Description: Items relating to Lenape materials at the American Philosophical Society, generally referred to as "Delaware" in the original materials. Topics include requests for materials (a loan of a map of the "Indian Walk," or Walking Purchase, 1737; the Society of the United Brethren for Propagating the Gospel Among the Heathens wants the return of documents deposited by the Brethren for Heckewelder as listed in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1); requests for information (on David Zeisberger as a missionary to the Indians); of materials (Zeisberger's Delaware grammar; John G. E. Heckewelder's paper on Personal names; Heckewelder's edits in case of a second edition of his Account of the Indian nations (1819)); donated materials (Roth's "Life of Christ" in Delaware, #1176; a French translation of Heckewelder's account done by Chevalier John Du Ponceau; materials from Heckwelder himself; documents relating to the Paxton boys from Samuel Fisher; authentic extracts of official Swedish papers relative to their settlements in America as well as translations of extracts of Acrelius (1759)); Heckewelder's Delaware grammar and work in general; a list of botanical names with equivalents in Delaware, Onondaga, and occasionally Munsee; Matthew S. Henry's work on a dictionary of Place names (#1164) and his comparison of Heckwelder and Rev. Jesse Vogler; and Peter S. du Ponceau's own work on Native languages (mentions Delaware, Arawak, Natchez, Yuchi, Ojibwe, and Mahican) and his work for the APS. Other individuals mentioned include Robert M. Patterson, Zaccheus Collins, Mathew Carey, Daniel G. Brinton, Sir William Johnson, Severin Lorich, Charles Pickering, Samuel S. Haldeman, Rev. der Schweinitz, Usher Parsons, and John Vaughan.

Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)

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Materials on boarding schools, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Wichita

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian

Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Shawnee

Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe

Stockbridge-Munsee

Séliš includes: Salish, Flathead

Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi

Quapaw includes: Arkansas, Ugahxpa

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Omaha includes: Umoⁿhoⁿ

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Otoe includes: Oto, Jiwére

Odawa includes: Ottawa

Penobscot

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Ponca

Mandan includes: Nueta

Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Munsee

Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Laguna includes: Kʾáwáigamʾé, Keres, Kawaika

Lakota

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Kaw includes: Kansa, Kanza

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Ho-Chunk includes: Winnebago, Hoocąk

Hopi

Houma

Iñupiat includes: Инупиаты, Iñupiaq

Iowa includes: Ioway, Báxoje, Bah-Kho-Je

Isleta includes: Tiwa

Cheyenne

Chickasaw

Choctaw includes: Chahta

Comanche includes: Nʉmʉnʉʉ

Creek

Crow includes: Apsáalooke, Absaroka

Catawba includes: Iswa

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Cherokee

Aaniiih includes: A'aninin, Atsina, Gros Ventre

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Apache includes: Inde

Apache, Plains

Apache, Western includes: Apache, San Carlos

Arapaho includes: Arapahoe

Arikara includes: Sahnish, Arikaree, Hundi

Assiniboine includes: Assiniboin, Nakoda, Hohe, Nakota

Blackfeet includes: Blackfoot, Niitsítapi, Siksika, Siksikaitsitapi

Caddo

Language:English

Date:1939-1943

Subject:Boarding schools | Cultural assimilation | Education | Hampton Institute | Haskell Institute

Type:Text | Still Image

Genre:Rosters | Correspondence | Photographs | Lantern slides

Extent:0.25 linear feet

Description: There are a few items in the Frank G. Speck Papers currently identified as relating to Indian boarding schools. In the collection guide, under Subcollection 1, Series 1, in Section XIII, "Miscellaneous," see item XIII(22H), "Haskell Institute Roster." This document lists Native students at the Haskell Institute boarding school in 1939-1940, giving name, age, address, and tribe. (The tribes of the students included are listed above at the top of this entry.) In Section IV, "Southeast," see item IV(15H3), "Yuchi miscellaneous notes," which contains a letter from Ann Rolland (Haskell Institute), to Speck, April 6, 1941, as well as items under "C. Houma (Louisiana)" that relate to mission schools. In Subcollection I, Series II, Biographical Material, see letters (listed alphabetically by author) from Leona E. Giger and Ann Rolland, both students at Haskell in the early 1940s. Also see letter from "Redge" and Gladys Laulin regarding Chippewa boy returning home for dances. In Series III, Photographs, there is an undated photograph [#10-14(a)] from the Shingwauk Indian Residential School. See also school-related photos in folders "Creek #3," "Eskimo [Inuit] (Labrador) #4," "Houma #1," #2, #7, and #8, "Pamunkey #6," and "Penobscot: People #2." In Series IV, Lantern Slides, there are slides of Native and Black students at the Hampton Institute. More boarding school-related material may be identified in the collection with further research.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Miscellaneous items pertaining to the American Indian

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Zuni includes: A:shiwi

Timucua

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Shawnee

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Oceti Sakowin includes: Očhéthi Šakówiŋ, Sioux

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Sahtú includes: North Slavey

Muscogee includes: Muskogee, Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek

Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho

Mattaponi

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Karankawa

Gwich'in includes: Kutchin, Loucheux, Tukudh

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ

Cherokee

Choctaw includes: Chahta

Apache includes: Inde

Caddo

Calusa

Language:English

Date:1939-1945; 1947-Circa 1961; 1951-1962;

Contributor:Gillespie, John Douglas | Marriott, Alice, 1910-1992

Type:Text | Still Image

Genre:Grammars | Musical scores | Newspaper clippings | Photographs

Extent:Circa 350 volumes; 75 photographs; 75 newspaper clippings; 70 manuscripts

Description: This collection pertains principally to the Cherokees of North Carolina and Oklahoma and to their language, ethnography, folklore, archeology, history, music, etc. Includes Indian studies and correspondence by Gillespie, notes on Indian dances and linguistics, bibliographies, publications of the Archaeological Society of Brigham Young University, and newspaper clippings. Also comprised of materials on: Apache, Calusa, Chippewa, Choctaw, Delaware, Eskimo, Fox, Haudenosaunee, Karankawa, Gwich'in, Mattaponi, Muskogee, Navajo, Onondaga, Sauk, Seminole, Seneca, Shawnee, Sioux, Slave, Timucua, Tuscarora, Tutelo, Wyandot, and Zuni. Contains: Gillespie, "A grammar of western dialect of Cherokee language of the Iroquoian family," 1949-1954 (131 pages); "Miscellaneous material on the Cherokee Indians and language"; "Miscellaneous items pertaining to the American Indian."

Collection:Miscellaneous items pertaining to the American Indian (Mss.497.3.G41)

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North America materials, Moravian mission among the Indians of North America records, 1735-1900 (inclusive), [microform]

Culture:

Shawnee

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Muscogee includes: Muskogee, Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Nanticoke

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cherokee

Language:English | Muscogee | Delaware | Mohawk | Onondaga

Date:1735-1900

Contributor:Moravian Archives (Bethlehem, Pa.)

Type:Text

Extent:40 reels

Description: This collection contains correspondence, diaries, reports, letters, conference minutes, church registers and catalogs, and other papers documenting the work of Moravian missionaries among the Indians of North America. Includes language materials in Delaware, Creek, Mohawk, and Onondaga; and materials pertaining to the Chippewa, Cherokee, Nanticoke, and Shawnee. Materials cover New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Kansas, Georgia, Oklahoma, and Ontario. Originals in the Archives of the Moravian Church, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

Collection:Moravian mission among the Indians of North America records, 1735-1900 (inclusive), [microform] (Mss.Film.1279)

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Penobscot materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Penobscot

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:English | Abenaki, Eastern

Date:circa 1930s-1960s

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Stories | Translations

Extent:4 folders, 1 box

Description: The C. F. Voegelin Papers contain correspondence, notes, texts, articles, and other linguistic and ethnographic materials relating to Penobscot language and culture. These are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II of the Voegelin Papers. Materials in Subcollection I include correspondence with Frank Siebert (regarding his Penobscot fieldwork, particularly mourning and mortuary customs); 1 box of Ojibwa [Ojibwe], Seneca, and Penobscot notes in Series II. and Penobscot material in Ojibwe Folder #24 in Series VI. Notebooks. In Subcollection II, there is Frank Siebert's "Bumole, The Air Sprite" (a story in Penobscot and in English, sent to Voegelin in 1939) in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian; and a Penobscot file in Series V. Card Files.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Proto-Algonquian materials, Mary R. Haas Papers

Culture:

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi

Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Chowanoke includes: Chowanoc

Cheyenne

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Abenaki includes: Abnaki

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Blackfeet includes: Blackfoot, Niitsítapi, Siksika, Siksikaitsitapi

Arapaho includes: Arapahoe

Aaniiih includes: A'aninin, Atsina, Gros Ventre

Date:ca.1950s-1996

Contributor:Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Vocabularies

Extent:2 linear feet

Description: A considerable amount of Haas' research from the 1950s onwards involved identifying language family relationships and constructing proto-languages. Comparisons, both lexical and phonological, between Algonquian languages and what Haas labeled ‘Proto-Algonkian, ‘Proto-Central Algonkian and ‘Proto-Central-Eastern Algonkian' (often abbreviated to PA, PCA and PCEA respectively) are abundant especially throughout Series 2 and Series 9. Haas made annotations to others' publications, created bibliographies, and developed family trees and lexica of both Proto-Algonquian and a wide variety of Algonquian languages, including several lexica from multiple historical sources in Series 9. Examples of the above are to be found across much of the collection, often in folders of specific Algonquian languages. See individual cultures and languages for specifics.

Collection:Mary R. Haas Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.94)

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Seneca materials, Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Shawnee

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi

Odawa includes: Ottawa

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Language:English

Date:1722-1801

Contributor:Pierce, John, 1745?-1808 | Pennsylvania. Provincial Council | Montrésor, John, 1736-1799

Type:Text

Genre:Journals | Reports | Correspondence

Extent:3 items

Description: Colonel John French and James Logan's 1722 report to the Pennsylvania Provincial Council about the murder of an Indian by traders John and Edmund Cartlidge during a drunken brawl, including depositions and Indians' demands for satisfaction. John Montresor's letter to Colonel James Montresor, regarding his meeting with the Senecas and meetings with other Native peoples in the Great Lakes region in fall of 1764, during Pontiac's War; his position made precarious by General Gage's desire to continue war; French aid to Indians. Pierce's 1801 journal of a visit to Cornplanter Reservation, including an account of Conediu (Handsome Lake) meetings with Indians, September 18-21. Conediu accuses Munsy of witchcraft on Cornplanter's daughter.

Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)