Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: There are many materials relating to Algonquian languages in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. This entry is intended as a catch-all for materials labeled as Algonquian or Macro-Algonquian, or having to do with several Algonquian languages in a general way. Researchers should also view the entries for specific Algonquian languages and culture groups. Algonquian materials are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II. In Subcollection I, there is relevant correspondence with Leonard Bloomfield (regarding an inscription on a silver bracelet; Bloomfield's "Menomini Grammar"), Charles Hockett (with questions about Voegelin's article on Delaware and examples from other Algonquian languages), and Morris Swadesh (including a brief Stockbridge vocabulary and a slip of Moravian Delaware) in Series I. Correspondence; 1 box of comparative Algonquian vocabulary and grammar in Series II. and several linguistic maps (i.e., "Algonquian language text with illustrations" and "Linguistic classification of the Southern New England Algonquians"), particularly of the Potawatomi, Delaware, and Shawnee, to accompany the texts of Voegelin's work on Algonquian languages, in Series VII. Photographs. In Subcollection II, there is relevant correspondence from Eric Hamp (to Ives Goddard regarding preparation of Arapaho and Algonquian works) and Frank Speck (to Edward Sapir regarding his work on Mi'kmaq and other northern Algonquian languages and societies) in Series I. Correspondence. There is also an entire subseries devoted to Macro-Algonquian: Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian of Series II. Research Notes. This subseries contains a grammatical sketch of Algonquian by Leonard Bloomfield (135 pages of typescript with handwritten edits and 7 interleaved pages of notes by Voegelin); another "Sketch of Algonquian" by Bloomfield consisting of a notebook (approx. 45 pages) and handwritten notes (approx. 80 pages); 5 folders of notebooks focusing on beginning sounds ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," and "Θ and ?"), drawing from Pacific Coast Algonquian ("PCA"), Fox [Meskwaki], Plains Cree, Menominee, and Ojibwe; 3 folders of other comparative Algonquian notebooks organized by general nouns, body parts, kinship terms, numerals, and verbs; miscellaneous Algonquian notes; and specimens of Central Algonquian, including short texts in Fox [Meskwaki], Ojibwe, Menominee, and Plains Cree, with English translations. The rest of the material in the Macro-Algonquian folder is organized according to specific languages: Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Fox (Meskwaki), Kutenai [Ktunaxa culture], Ojibwe, Penobscot, and Shawnee. Finally, there is an article titled "Some Observations on Algonquian Phonology" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries I: General works; an incomplete typed draft of Bloomfield's "Sketch of Algonquian" in Series IV. Works by Others; and a "Linguistic map of Southern New England" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries V: American Indian Languages.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Algonquian materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Yurok includes: Pueleekla’, Puliklah

Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie

Language:English

Date:1918-1945 and undated

Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Skinner, Alanson, 1886-1925 | Butler, Eva L. | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986

Type:Text

Extent:10 items

Description: A variety of materials relating to Speck's study of diverse Algonquian peoples, cultures, and languages. Includes his "Remnants of the Eastern Indian Tribes," a brief discussion of location of New England Algonquians; his favorable review of John M. Cooper, "Snares, Deadfalls, and other Traps of Northern Algonquians and Northern Athapascans" [Printed, Speck (1939).]; a "Table of Double Curve Motif," charting techniques and variations of motifs of various Northwestern, Iroquoian, and central Algonquian peoples; a manuscript draft and additions of "Terms of relationship and the family territorial band among the Northeastern Algonquins," [Printed, Speck (1918).]; letters from Alanson Skinner challenging Speck's ethnic position of the Southeastern Algonquian on meaning of Eskimo-type artifacts found in Algonquian site in New York (State); materials from Eva L. Butler, including two pamphlets containing transcriptions of historical letters, principally from the Connecticut State Library--"Colonial Letters of our Ancestors" and "Letters of the Indians"--and "Botany and ethnozoology of the New England Indians," a bibliography of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century sources for ethnobotantical and ethnozoological references; letters from Edward Sapir concerning Speck (1918a), particularly Yurok comparisons, his excitement about reduction of language stocks, and possible typographical errors; and letters from Carl F. Voegelen concerning the usefulness of Speck's Naskapi material for comparative study of Algonquian languages and seeking an article on process by which Algonquian languages become extinct.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Carib materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Kalinago includes: Carib, Island, Kalhíphona

Kalina includes: Carib, Mainland

Language:English | Carib

Date:circa 1948-1950

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Taylor, Douglas MacRae

Type:Text

Extent:19 folders

Description: Several items relating to Carib languages have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They are all in Subcollection I. They include extensive correspondence with Douglas MacRae Taylor (regarding his fieldwork and written work on Carib languages, including some stories, translations, and other linguistic materials) in Series I. Correspondence; Voegelin's "Black Carib Morphology" and "Central American Carib II: Morphology of the Verb" (with Douglas MacRae Taylor) in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III-B: Works Authored by Voegelin; ten files of Taylor's work (including notes, outlines, and essays) on Black Carib, Central American Carib, and Island Carib in Series IV. Works by Others; a Carib file with data on Black, Central American, and Island Carib in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-A: Language Notes; and four folders of unbound Carib texts in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-B: Texts.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Central and South America materials, John Alden Mason Papers

Culture:

Yanesha' includes: Amuesha

Tupi

Subtiaba includes: Subtiava

Rama

Quechua

Kogi includes: Cogui, Kágaba

Kawahiva includes: Kavahiva

Inca

Guarani

Guna includes: Kuna, Cuna, Dule

Ese Ejja includes: Chama, Ece'je

Cocama includes: Kokáma

Chibcha includes: Muysca, Muisca

Aymara includes: Aimara

Date:1937-1960 and undated

Type:Text

Extent:23 items

Description: Materials relating to John Alden Mason's interest in and research on Indigenous Central and South American languages and cultures. Materials attributed to Mason include a bibliography composed of about 300 cards primarily on South American languages, including many entries not in the Handbook of South American Indians; a notebook of observations on the distribution, relationships, etc., of South American languages; a file with correspondence, bibliography, draft of introduction, etc., relating to his contribution to the Handbook of South American Indians; a 166-page essay on the preconquest history and culture of the Andean region (mostly Peru) through the medium of artifacts preserved in the University Museum (University of Pennsylvania); two copies of Mason's "Andean Civilization," including bibliography, for the Encyclopedia Britannica (1960); two copies of the preface to the Spanish edition of "Ancient Civilizations of Peru," with a memorandum from Alfred Kidder II to Mason regarding recent developments in Central Andean archaeology; an incomplete essay titled "Status and problems of research in the Native Languages of South America," primarily concerned with historical linguistics and genetic relationship; and a file of notes on genetic relationships, subgrouping, etc., from published sources or giving his own impressions: Kamakan, Choroti, Ashluslay Kaduveo, Mataco; Malali, Mashakal, Ge, Vejoz, Coropo, Motilon, Towothl, Kaingang, Subtiaba, Hokan, Coroado, etc.. Unattributed materials (most likely Mason's) include circa 2,000 cards of notes on South American linguistic and ethnology focused on genetic classification of South American languages; circa 4,000 cards of notes regarding South American languages and dialects and their geographical distribution, etc.; and 17 pages of notes concerning a letter (included) from Harry B. Wright to Captain Colon Eloy Alfaro proposing that expeditions be sent to Ecuadorean Oriente for study in linguistics, ethnology, etc. Materials attributed to others than Mason include two essays or drafts by John Peabody Harrington on the affiliation of Witoto [Huitoto, probably Murui Huitoto but possibly Nüpode Huitoto], Miranya [aka Miraña or Miranha, now known as Bora] and Guaranian/Tupi-Guarani [Guarani, represented by Cocama], one with Mason's comments; 27 pages of Kagaba [Kogi] texts with interlinear Spanish translation and lists of animals, plants, body parts, natural phenomena, kinship terms, etc., with Spanish and English glosses; and Eugenio Garro's "Geographical distribution of the Native languages and dialects of Peru," an article submitted for the Handbook of South American Indians (marked "not printed in Handbook"). Correspondence includes Mason's Handbook of South American Indians correspondence, with Zellig S. Harris, Harry Hoijer, Eugene A. Nida, et al., soliciting contributions to the handbook, etc.; letters from Claude Levi-Strauss regarding locations, languages, and dialects of indigenous peoples of Brazil (mentions Parintintin [Kagwahiva], Rama-Rama [Rama], Tupi, Nambikuara [Southern Nambikuára], Tupi-Kawahib [Kawahiva?], Kabixiana [Kabixí], Kep-kiri-uat [?]); correspondence with John Peabody Harrington concerning Harrington's work for Mason on the Handbook of South American Indians; correspondence with Willard Z. Park regarding Park's ethnological work among the Kagaba [Kogi] in Colombia; correspondence with Louis Rankin regarding the Cocama, Cocamilla [the dialects of what is now called Cocama-Cocamilla], Chama [Ese Ejja], Campa [Ajyíninka Apurucayali?], and Amuesha [Yanesha'] languages of Peru; correspondence with David B. Stout regarding Stout's genetic classification of Chibchan, Kuna, and Choco, with one page of Mason's opinions on Stout's classification; correspondence with John Howland Rowe regarding South American languages and cultures, including the Quechua, Aymara, and Millcayac languages, early work of Max Uhle in Peru, Bolivia, etc.. and mentioning Alfred V. Kidder, Alfred L. Kroeber, and others; and a letter from Otis H. Green regarding the origin of the word "jivaro."

Collection:John Alden Mason Papers (Mss.B.M384)

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Inuit materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Yup'ik includes: Yupik, Yupiit, Yup'ik, Central Alaskan, Eskimo (pej.)

Yokuts

Miwok

Maidu

Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ

Language:English | Greenlandic

Date:circa 1950-1973 and undated

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Bergsland, Knut, 1914- | Minn, Eeva Kangasmaa | Peterson, Richard L.

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Orthography and spelling

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Essays | Drafts

Extent:4 folders

Description: Four items relating to Inuit (Eskimo) languages have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They are all in Subcollection II. In Series I. Correspondence, there is correspondence wtih Richard L. Peterson about "Eskimo pictographic writing." In Series II. Research Notes, Subseries I. Eskimo-Aleutian, there are two folders labeled "Eskimo-Aleutian." Folder 1 includes information on Greenlandic, letters from Knut Bergsland (1950-1951), and "Presentation of 'A Grammar of the West Greenland Language' by Schultz-Lorensen," by Eeva Kangasmaa, 1952. Folder 2 includes brief information on Unaaliq [Yupik], Maidu, Miwok, and Yokuts, and the finished typescript of "Sketch of Eskimo." The third folder in the subseries, "Miscellaneous languages," contains Inuit material, among other languages.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Menominee materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw

Language:English | Menominee

Date:circa 1930s-1960s

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Bloomfield, Leonard, 1887-1949

Type:Text

Extent:10 folders, 3 boxes

Description: The C. F. Voegelin Papers contain vocabulary, grammatical notes, short texts, and other linguistic and ethnographic materials relating to Menominee language and culture. These are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II of the Voegelin Papers. Materials in Subcollection I include corespondence with Leonard Bloomfield (regarding inscription on a silver bracelet obtained from Menominees and Bloomfield's "Menomini Grammar") in Series I. Correspondence; and 3 boxes of Menominee vocabulary and 2 folders of document files (mostly regarding kinship terminology) in Series II. Card Files. Materials in Subcollection II include a folder of Menominee notes (possibly given to Voegelin by Leonard Bloomfield) in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian. There are also Menominee examples in at least 6 folders ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," "Θ and ?" and "Specimens of Central Algonquian") of the many Comparative Algonquian notebooks in the same subseries (i.e., Macro-Algonquian).

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Meskwaki materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Language:English | Meskwaki

Date:circa 1930s-1960s

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Pierce, Joe E.

Type:Text

Extent:9 folders, 1 box

Description: The C. F. Voegelin Papers contain grammatical notes, noun and verb paradigms, short texts, and other linguistic and ethnographic materials relating to Meskwaki (Fox) language and culture. These are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II of the Voegelin Papers. Materials in Subcollection I include 1 box of Fox [Meskwaki] stems labeled "research assistant's notes from published sources" in Series II. Card Files. Materials in Subcollection II include Fox [Meskwaki] grammatical notes and noun and verb paradigms in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian. There are also Fox [Meskwaki] examples in at least 6 folders ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," "Θ and ?" and "Specimens of Central Algonquian") of the many Comparative Algonquian notebooks in the same subseries (i.e., Macro-Algonquian). Finally, there is a copy of "Fox Grammar" (1952) by Joe E. Pierce in Series IV. Works by Others.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Mexico materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Zapotec includes: Zapoteco, Zapoteca

Zoque

Nahua

Language:English

Date:circa 1925-1967

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Mexico--History | Uto-Aztecan languages

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes

Extent:7 folders

Description: There are many items relating to Mexican languages in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. This entry is intended as a catch-all for materials that cover Mexican (and to some extent, Central American) languages in general. Researchers should also view the entries for specific languages (i.e., Nahuatl, Zoque, etc.) and for South America, under which Voegelin often filed Mexican and Central American materials. In Subcollection I, there is relevant correspondence with Glen Turner and William L. Wonderly in Series I. Correspondence; William L. Wonderly's "List of Central American Indian Languages" and Larry Lyman's "The Verb Syntagmemes of Choapan Zapotec" in Series IV. Works by Others"; and a folder on South American and Other Latin American Languages (which includes Central America and Mexico) in file in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-A: Language Notes. In Subcollection II, there is relevant correspondence with Kenneth Croft (regarding American Indian language work in Mexico and Croft's progress with Nahuatl) and Morris Swadesh (his collection of Uto-Aztecan language materials, including many from Mexico) in Series I. Correspondence.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Miwok materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Miwok

Language:English

Date:Undated

Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Freeland, L. S. (Lucy Shepard), 1890-1972

Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Penutian languages | Folklore | California--History

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Stories | Translations

Extent:2 folders

Description: Two items relating to Miwok languages have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They are both in Subcollection II, and consist of some Miwok information in a folder labeled Eskimo-Aleutian in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries I. Eskimo-Aleutian; and a separate Miwok folder in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries VI. Penutian, including Mayan and Zoque. The latter includes some typewritten interlinear texts and notes based mainly on Lucy S. Freeland's work.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Ojibwe materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi

Penobscot

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Date:circa 1925-1967, bulk circa 1940-1941

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Stories | Essays

Extent:32 folders

Description: Several items relating to the Ojibwe (Ojibwa, Chippewa) language have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II. In Subcollection I, they include relevant correspondence with John N. Seaman (regarding Chippewa fieldwork in Michigan and consultants Mr. Maidler [Medler?] and Charlie David) and a partial letter with Ojibwe text in the Unidentified folder; 6 boxes of Ojibwe notecards, 1 box of Seneca, Ojibwe and Penobscot notecards, and 2 folders of Ojibwe notes (mostly vocabulary and linguistic, but one slip notes addresses of consultants Nicholas Plain of Sarnia and Elijah Pinnance of Walpole Island--there is also, unexpectedly, a bibliography for sources on Arawakan languages at the end of Ojibwa #4) in Series II. comparative vocabularies of Ojibwe and Potawatomi ("Pottowatomi") in Series V. Research Notes Subseries V-A: Language Notes; unbound Eastern Ojibwe texts ("The Walpole Island" and others) in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-B: Text; and 24 folders of Ojibwe notebooks in Series VI. Notebooks. Contents of the Blackfoot and Ojibwe notebooks in this series were described in detail by Richard A. Rhodes in 1988. Blackfoot and Ojibwe notebooks are arranged in the order of Rhodes' list, a photocopy of which is filed in the first Blackfoot folder. In general the Ojibwe notebooks are full of vocabulary words and phrases on all kinds of topics, notes on various parts of speech, notes on dialects, texts both with and without English translations, etc. Several consultants are named, of which Angeline Williams is the most prominent [see Odawa entry for more on Angeline Williams]. At least some of these materials appear to be associated with the Linguistic Institute and might be the work of students. Materials in Subcollection II include correspondence with Leonard Bloomfield (letters written in Ojibwe, with some interlinear English translation) and John N. Seaman (regarding field work with Chippewa speakers in Oscoda, Michigan, including Dan Naganigan and his wife and Mrs. Silas) in Series I. Correspondence. Series II. Research Notes, Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian contains 19 folders of Ojibwe materials collected from Leonard Bloomfield, Angeline Williams, Andrew Medler, Dan Nakanikan and Mrs. John B. Silas, including dozens of texts and stories and Bloomfield's Vocabularies and notes on topics such as prefixes and suffixes and sentence structure [see finding aid for titles of texts and stories]. There are also Ojibwe examples in at least 6 folders ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," "Θ and ?" and "Specimens of Central Algonquian") of the many Comparative Algonquian notebooks in the same subseries (i.e., Macro-Algonquian). Finally, there is "Correspondence in Ojibwa: Charles F. Voegelin and Leonard Bloomfield" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries I: General works; and "Ojibwe grammar" by Leonard Bloomfield and "The Chippewa Noun System" by John N. Seaman in Series IV. Works by Others.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)