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Culture:
Omushkego includes: Cree, Swampy, Mushkegowuk, Omushkigowack
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Nipissing includes: Nbisiing
Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Chibcha includes: Muysca, Muisca
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Date:1912-1941 and undated
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Bailey, Alfred Goldsworthy | Weitzner, Bella
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Zoology | Divination | Population | Ethnography | Folklore | Basketry | Birch bark | Hunting | Archaeology | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Field notes | Abstracts | Sketches | Notebooks | Photographs | Stories
Extent:7 items
Description: Materials relating to both Algonquin and related Algonquian peoples, cultures, and languages. Includes Speck's notes on artifacts found near Lake Abitibi and in the Nipissing district; his Seven Islands field notes, including texts with interlinear translations, house data, names of animals, and a letter in French from Marie Louise Ambroise; sketches and comments on shoulder blade divination (scapulimancy), including notes on deer drives (including an undated note from A. Irving Hallowell) and the distribution of artifacts among Algonquin, Naskapi, and Mistissini peoples; two field notebooks containing (1) linguistic notes and informant and population data for Waswanipi, Abitibi, Temiskaming [Timiskaming], Nipissing, Algonquian and (2) Temiskaming ethnography, Wisiledjak (Wiskyjack) [Wisakedjak, a manitou] text (in English), Temagami ethnology and texts (in English), and one Iroquois legend; general information on birch-bark containers, including 37 photographs and 40 pages of notes relating to Algonquin, Cree, Ojibwe and Ktunaxa specimens, and a letter from Bella Weitzner; and a letter from A. G. Bailey sending Speck a copy of his book on Algonquians.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1905-1910
Contributor:Jacobs, Norman Leonard, 1885-
Subject:Railroads | Fishing | Clothing and dress | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs | Architecture | British Columbia--History | Manitoba--History | Alberta--History | Saskatchewan--History | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Photographs
Extent:1 linear foot
Description: Norman Leonard Jacobs was an engineer and surveyor with the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in Canada. The collection consists of his correspondence with Bessie Frank (later Anathan), an acquaintance from Pittsburgh. Jacobs wrote of daily life in Canadian cities like Winnipeg and Edmonton, interactions with First Nations, and daily hardships encountered in the field (extreme cold, snowblindness, and lack of food), but also spoke of his work with pride and enthusiasm. In addition to the letters, Jacobs wrote twenty-eight pages of a "Diary of a Tenderfoot." Also included in the collection are two photobooks and various loose photographs, which display various aspects of camp life, details of work sites and the Canadian landscape, and First Nations peoples. Some of the photographs are extremely faded. Native peoples mentioned include Ojibwe, Blackfoot, Cree, "Surteau" (likely Saulteaux),"Bloods" (Kainai), "Stonies" (Nakoda, or "Stoney"), as well as Native people at Tete Jaune Cache who are likely Simpcw. The images include family groups; men, women, and children fishing; men (some apparently hired by Jacobs or his company to act as guides and carriers in the field) working with an infant in a cradleboard; Ojibwe graves; tepees [tipis]; "Sioux" warriors; a sweat bath; horse races; individuals like Joe KaeKwitch, Chief Handorgan, Chief Wingard, Muskowken, etc. Most of these materials have been digitized and are available through the APS's Digital Library. Also see the finding aid for more background information on Jacobs and detailed itemized lists for both Series I. Correspondence and Series II. Graphic Materials.
Collection:Anathan-Jacobs Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Collection (Mss.SMs.Coll.13)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1795, 1949, and undated
Contributor:Snyderman, George S., 1908-2000
Type:Cartographic | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Maps | Reports
Extent:3 folders
Description: The Cayuga materials in the Snyderman Papers include correspondence from Alexander General (Deskaheh) in Series I concerning "Cayuga Legends Explaining Conquest of Huronia," and a map of the Cayuga reservation from 1795 in Series II and a "Preliminary Report of the Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma" manuscript in Series IV.
Collection:George S. Snyderman Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.51)
Culture:
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Language:English
Date:1917, 1934-1989
Subject:New York (State)--History | Ontario--History | Politics and government | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Field notes | Diaries | Essays
Extent:.5 linear feet
Description: The Cayuga materials in the William Fenton Papers can be found in multiple sections of the finding aid. In Series I, see correspondence with "General, Chief and Mrs. Alex." Additional information may be included in other correspondences. In Series IIb, see especially "A Cayuga League Tradition." Series III includes the manuscripts "Howard Sky, 1900-1971: Cayuga Faith-Keeper, Gentleman, and Interpreter of Iroquois Culture" and "Installing a Cayuga Chief in 1945." Series IV includes Kurath's diary "Report on Cayuga Soursprings Longhouse Midwinter Festival." Series V includes Fenton's notes on "Deskaheh on Cayuga Council." In Series VI, there are photos of "Cayuga nomination strings" In Series VIII-B, see the "Iroquois Social Structure" section and in Series VIII-D see the "Cayuga Social Organization" folder with information on Myron Turkey. Additional Cayuga-related materials may be found in other folders not currently identified as Cayuga.
Collection:William N. Fenton papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.20)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1936-1967
Contributor:Wallace, Paul A. W. | Congdon, Charles E. (Charles Edwin), 1877- | James, Edward T. | Miller, P. Schuyler (Peter Schuyler), 1912-1974 | Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1881-1955 | Montour, E. T. | Montour, Ethel Brant | Wargon, Allan | Jamieson, M. J. | Chalmers, Harvey, 1890-1971 | Einhorn, Arthur (Skaroniate) | Durston, Harry C. | Akweks, Aren | Freeman, John F. | General, Emily | Gridley, Marion E. (Marion Eleanor), 1906-1974 | Guthe, Alfred K. (Alfred Kidder), 1920-1983 | Dawendine, 1902- | Mad Bear, -1985 | Serres, John | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Gabor, Robert (Sagotaoala) | Ritchie, William A. (William Augustus), 1903-1995 | Cornplanter, Jesse J. | Ka-Hon-Hes | Cornplanter, Seneca chief, 1732?-1836
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Genealogy | Biography | Wampum | Folklore | Rites and ceremonies | Personal names | Archaeology | Religion | Politics and government | Government relations | Land claims | Indian artists | Art | Monuments | Clothing and dress | Adoption | Kinship | New York (State)--History | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Drawings | Essays | Drafts | Interviews | Stories
Extent:39 items
Description: Materials relating to Paul A. W. Wallace's interest in Haudenosaunee people, history, and culture. Of particular interest will be Wallace's correspondence and interviews with Haudenosaunee individuals. This includes Wallace's extensive correspondence with Ray Fadden (Tehanetorens, Aren Akweks) on subjects such as publications, the Haudenosaunee, the Akwesasne Mohawks, personal matters, etc., as well as a woodcut by John Fadden (Kahionhes) titled "The persecuted Iroquois"; Ray Fadden's "The Visions of Handsome Lake," an interpretation of Ray Fadden's wampum belt (with two drawings by John Fadden); and Ray Fadden's (Aren Akweks, Tehanetorens) "Iroquois Lesson Book-Stories for good children and bad." Interview materials include a "Six Nations Journal", containing notes on interviews with Nick Peters, Chief Joseph Montour, John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt, Isaiah Williams, Chief Hess, Chief William Loft, Alec General, and Jerry Aaron; notes, manuscripts, and interviews with William Dewaseragech Loft relating to the Haudenosaunee and to Wallace's preparation of an entry on Loft for the Dictionary of Canadian Biography; and a transcript of a talk on Haudenosaunee cosmogony and history of relations with white people attributed to the Seneca chief Cornplanter and taken from a document (circa 1822) in the Draper Collection at Princeton University. Other Native correspondents and consultants include Jesse J. Cornplanter regarding the purchase of drawings, along with five of Cornplanter's drawings: "Two Friends," "Mortise," and three untitled; Alexander J. General (Deskaheh) regarding copies of Wallace's White Roots of Peace, the identity of a Mohawk chief, the meaning of some names, and Wallace's trip for the Seventh Annual Pageant at Ohnedagowah; E. T. Montour regarding the Handsome Lake religion; Ethel Brant Montour regarding the Haudenosaunee and the Brant and Montour families; Donald Richmond regarding copying the Seth Newhouse version of Deganawidah sent to the St. Regis Mohawks; Allan Wargon regarding the film "The Longhouse People"; M. J. Jamieson regarding attendance by Wallace at the Condolence to the Dead and the Great Feast for the Dead; Arthur Einhorn (Skaroniate) regarding copies of publications, misinformation about the Iroquois, and plans for building an "Indian village"; Emily General regarding possible genealogical studies of chiefs of the Haudenosaunee, the annual pageant at Ohnedagowah, and vital statistics of Deskaheh (Hi-wyi-iss, Levi General); Bernice Minton Loft Winslow (Dawendine) regarding the Haudenosaunee, the health of her father Chief William Loft (Mohawk), publications, her poetry; Mad Bear regarding a parcel of land in Philadelphia reportedly owned by the and Robert Gabor (Sagotaoala) regarding Gabor's interest in and research on the effects of the adoption complex on the Iroquois Confederacy, his art work for Ray Fadden, circumstances under which the Delawares entered the League, etc. There is also correspondence between Wallace and other non-Native researchers including Charles E. Congdon regarding arrangements for conferences on Iroquoian studies; James T. Edward regarding a biographical sketch of Madam Montour for Notable American Women, 1607-1950; Peter Schuyler Miller regarding the Deganawidah legend; Arthur Caswell Parker regarding the Haudenosaunee and Conrad Weiser; Harvey Chalmers regarding Heckewelder's prejudice against the Haudenosaunee and its effect on Cooper, and prejudice aroused by Cooper's novels; Howard F. Comrie regarding the Iroquois Confederacy as an inspiration for the Constitution and Bill of Rights; Harry C. Durston regarding the date and place of the founding of the Five Nations Confederacy and possible influences of the Haudenosaunee on the United States Constitution; John F. Freeman regarding Ray Fadden and the Akwesasne Mohawk Counsellor Organization and mentioning Seth Newhouse, Bernice Loft, and Edward Ahenakew; Marion E. Gridley regarding The Amerindian: American Indian Review, a picture of Maria Tallchief, and role of the Delawares, Tuscaroras, and Oneidas in the American Revolution; Alfred K. Guthe regarding old photos of Iroquois costumes in the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences; John Serres regarding the dedication of an Iroquois monument at Scarboro, Ontario and attempts to preserve Native culture; William N. Fenton regarding the Haudenosaunee, different versions of the Deganawidah legend, meanings of Indian names, archaeological work in the area to be flooded by the Kinzua Dam, political history of the Iroquois, Seth Newhouse, publications, research, fieldwork, etc.; an essay by Fenton on published and manuscript sources relating to the history of political institutions and laws of the Haudenosaunee, particularly with regard to ethnological sources, procedural methods to reach the desired goal, and expected results (published in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 93 (1949): pages 233-238); and William A. Ritchie regarding a meeting at the American Philosophical Society, Indian trails in the Delaware Valley, and the probable date of the founding of the Five Nations Confederacy. Finally, there are Wallace's own notes, drafts, essays, etc., including notes for and a draft of "The Iroquois-A Brief Outline of their History" and "Return of Hiawatha," on the reasons for Iroquois ascendancy.
Collection:Paul A. W. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64b)
Culture:
Date:1895-1948
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Peters, Nicodemus | Moses, Jesse | Springer, Ethel M. (Ethel Maria), 1880- | Witapanóxwe | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Montour, Josiah | Washington, Fred | Washington, Jane | Washington, Joe | Greywacz, Kathryn B. | Lilly, Eli, 1885-1977 | Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Shoemaker, Henry W., 1880-1958 | Wallace, Paul A. W. | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Anderson, George | Hill, Jasper (Big White Owl)
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Linguistics | Museums | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Material culture | Peyote | Religion | Art | Folklore | Place names | Botany | Oklahoma--History | Ontario--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Notebooks | Drafts | Essays | Sketches | Photographs | Reports
Extent:57 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Lenape (or "Delaware") history, language, and culture. Speck's correspondence with Delaware collaborators in Oklahoma relating to Lenape history, ethnographic data, linguistics, museum specimens, and reservation affairs, etc., might be of particular interest; there are also several tales related by Witapanóxwe, or War Eagle, other tales and texts (some with interlineal translation) from Josiah Montour and other unknown contributors, and 11 sketches of Lenape art designs. Other correspondence touches on Speck's efforts to collect specimens (and individuals and institutions interested in acquiring them), his efforts to collect paintings and sketches of ceremonies and designs, his fieldwork and expenses, financial support from the University of Pennsylvania and Indiana Historical Society, Shawnee data on Oklahoma Delawares, the Big House Ceremony, efforts to acquire a Delaware Big House to erect in Harrisburg, Delawares-as-women, etc. There are also at least 82 pages (in three folders) of Speck's field notes of ethnographic and linguistic data, and over 50 pages (in two folders) of Speck's miscellaneous notes (including some correspondence) on topics such as Gladys Tantaquidgeon and Lenape designs, botanical specimens, linguistic materials, museum specimens, the Walam Olum, the "Six Nation Delaware reservation", the celestial bear theme, native religion, reviews of Speck's publications, etc. Other notes cover Delaware grammar and vocabulary, Delaware clans and social organization, dualism in Delaware religion, the influence of Christianity on Delaware religion, the provenance of Delaware museum specimens obtained from Delawares in Oklahoma and Canada, biographical information on Joseph Montur and Nicodemus Peters, etc. There are also various drafts, essays, lectures and other writings by Speck on topics such as Delaware religion, ceremonies, peyote rites, designs, population, remnant populations in the east, history, place names, a Delaware bibliography and a notebook of reports to the University of Pennsylvania Research Committee on fieldwork among Oklahoma Delaware, St. Francis Abenaki, Munsee and Six Nations (Haudenosaunee) Delaware, Tutelo, Cayuga, 1931-1936.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie
Innu includes: Montagnais, Mountaineer
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Date:1927-1949
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Holden, James E. | Laulin, Gladys | Solenberger, R. R. (Robert R.) | Thayer, B. W. | Burgesse, J. Allan | Woodman, Henry | Downes, P. G. (Prentice Gilbert), 1909- | Hallowell, A. Irving (Alfred Irving), 1892-1974 | Learmouth, D. H.
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Hunting | Religion | Folklore | Social life and customs | Art | Material culture | Specimens | Ontario--History | Québec (Province)--History
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Correspondence | Reviews | Stories | Maps
Extent:14 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Ojibwe language, history, and culture. Includes 15 pages of Tamagami [Temagami First Nation] myths and five texts in English; 21 pages of Matagama Ojibwe [Mattagami First Nation] notes, including a 2-page phonetic key, a letter from Speck to Samuel (i.e., James) Miller of Gogama requesting ethnographic and map data, 2 maps (one of Mattagami hunting territories), typed reading notes, and a sketch of a play for Mattagama Otcipwe [sic]; a Christmas circular letter telling the story of a Chippewa [Ojibwe] boy returning home for Dance; a copy of Speck's favorable review of Sister Bernard Coleman, "Decorative designs of the Ojibwa of northern Minnesota" [Printed, Speck (1949).]; and a brief popular account on Ojibwe hunting territories by Speck, refuting Roosevelt (1889-1896), who had denied that Indians have a sense of property, along with two pages of notes. Also includes several folders of correspondence, including correspondence with A. I. Hallowell in which Hallowell describes a field trip to the Berens River Saulteaux, Sweet Grass Cree (mentions attitude of Cree to Leonard Bloomfield), and Cold Lake Chipewyan, festivals, etc., and a letter from Speck to Hallowell with pencilled responses of Hallowell to questions asked; letters from D. H. Learmouth, a factor for Hudson's Bay Company at Waswanippi, recounting his experiences in adjudicating Matagama land inheritance and providing ethnographic data sought by Speck from Samuel (i.e., James) Miller of Gogama and data on hunting territories; letters from James E. Holden concerning unsuccessful attempts to purchase baskets at Nipigon; letters from J. Allan Burgesse regarding the Matagama Ojibwe and enclosing a drawing of a "flesher"and a list of hunting territories and biographical information on owners; a letter from Robert Solenberger concerning Tonawanda [Seneca] and Chippewa [Ojibwe] women who make baskets and giving their addresses; a letter from B. W. Thayer concerning Ojibwe beadwork found during a Minnesota field trip; a letter from Henry Woodman discussing the decline of crafts among Bear Island Indians (Temagami); a letter from Prentice Gilbert Downes about the circumboreal region, disucssing his visit to Naskapi near Davis Inlet, to Cree, and to Chippewas, along with 2 pages of notes (Speck?) in French-English, discussing changes in Indian culture; and a letter from Speck to Chief Mitchele Buckshot in Maniwaki, Quebec requesting buckskin and beadwork.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1891-1901, 1908, 1936-1949, 1951-1952, 1968-1971, 1986, 1992, 1995
Contributor:Bradley, James W. | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Kurath, Gertrude Prokosch | Skye, Howard | Skye, Hubert | Skye, James | Skye, Mabel | Van Every, George | Woodbury, Hanni
Subject:Kinship | Linguistics | New York (State)--History | Ontario--History | Politics and government | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Field notes | Speeches
Extent:.5 linear feet
Description: The Onondaga materials in the Fenton papers include multiple correspondents in Series I, such as Onondaga Nation, Howard Skye, and James Skye. In Series III, see ""Concerning the League: a motif analysis of the Gibson-Goldenweiser version of the Deganawidah Epic," "The Funeral of Tadodaho: Onondaga of Today," and "Sir William Johnson Carries the Ritual of Condolence over the Path to Onondaga, 1756." In Series IV, see articles by Bradley, Kurath, and Woodbury. Series VI includes "Onondaga Longhouse Food Spirit Festival." Series VIII-A, Series VIII-B, and Series VIII-F, include several folders of Onondaga-related materials. Some of these materials are restricted due to cultural sensitivity concerns.
Collection:William N. Fenton papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.20)
Culture:
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:Bulk 1930s-1990s
Contributor:Abrams, George H. J. | Carpenter, Edmund, 1922-2011 | Cornplanter, Jesse J. | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Gibson, Simeon | Hauptman, Laurence M. | Heron, George D. | Jimerson, Dan M. | Lamb, Gerald | Lazarus, Arthur, Jr. | Ledsome, Thelma | Preston, Jack | Printup, Maribel | Printup, Wayne | Redeye, Clara | Redeye, Sherman | Seneca, Cornelius B. | Seneca, Martin | Seneca, Pauline | Seneca Nation of Indians | Seneca-Iroquois National Museum | Sonosky, Marvin J. | Tooker, Elisabeth, 1927-2004 | Waters, Somerset R. | Wheeler-Voegelin, Erminie, 1903-1988 | Johnny John, Chauncey
Subject:Botany | Kinship | Material culture | Medicine | Museums | New York (State)--History | Ontario--History | Place names | Politics and government | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs | Wampum | Music
Type:Text | Still Image | Sound recording
Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Field notes | Genealogies | Maps | Speeches | Songs
Extent:15+ linear feet
Description: Seneca materials make up the majority of the Fenton papers and can be found throughout all sections of the collection. Series I contains correspondence with numerous people on Seneca matters. Noteworthy Seneca correspondents include Simeon Gibson, Clara Redeye, Sherman Redeye, and other individuals such as those listed above. The largest body of material is in Series V, which includes Fenton's notebooks and other documentation from field work at Allegany, Cattaraugus, Tonawanda, and Grand River, beginning in the 1930s through late in his career. This section also includes extensive card files on "Materia Medica" or ethnobotanical information, and Seneca place names. Series VI consists of over 1000 photographs, the majority of which are from Seneca communities in the 1930s-1950s. Series VII contains one audio recording of Seneca songs. Series VIII includes additional field notes and other materials derived mainly from his 1930s fieldwork. Significant portions of these materials may be restricted due to cultural sensitivity, as Fenton's materials frequently pertain to areas of sacred traditional knowledge.
Collection:William N. Fenton papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.20)
Culture:
Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot
Susquehannock includes: Conestoga
Language:English
Date:1964-1991
Contributor:Tooker, Elisabeth, 1927-2004
Subject:Folklore | Ontario--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes | Reviews | Stories
Extent:.5 linear feet
Description: The Huron and Wyandot materials in the Elisabeth Tooker Papers are found in multiple sections of the finding aid. In Series I, see "Huronia Historical Development Council" and "Sainte-Marie Among the Hurons." There may be additional relevant materials in other correspondence files. In Series II, see reviews of "An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649." In Series III, see "Social Organization of the Huron Indians." In Series VII, see Tooker's general bibliographic notecards file, which includes a section on "Wyandot-Iroquois Separation Myth," and her "Susquehanna & Wyandot" card file box.
Collection:Elisabeth Tooker Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.84)