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Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Mandan includes: Nueta
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1816-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Social life and customs | Missions | Government relations | Religion | Place names | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:0.5 linear feet, circa 115 items
Description: Letters from Moravian missionary, historian, and linguist John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder, mostly to Peter Stephen du Ponceau with one to Caspar Wistar. Some of the replies from Du Ponceau are copied in the letter books of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder most frequently wrote of the publications he was working on or revising, particularly his Account of the Indian nations (1819), Narrative (1820), Heckewelder (1821), a Mohican (Mohegan) vocabulary, remarks on a Swedish-Delaware vocabulary, etc., some of which were to be published or republished by the American Philosophical Society. Many letters thus revolve around the research, writing, and publishing processes, including Heckewelder's responses to du Ponceau's edits and suggestions; his own edits, additions, lists of errors, etc.; his concern that errors by the typesetter could bring criticism on linguistic portions; new information and discoveries, such as the finding of a Maqua (Haudenosaunee) manuscript in the Moravian Archives; negative reviews and criticisms of his work, like an objectionable review in the North American Review (1819), a review in the Westchester Village Record disputing the role of Delaware as women, and William Darby's disagreement about Heckewelder's account of the killing of Native people by Williamson and his men; more positive responses to his work, like an honorary membership in the Massachusetts Peace Society for his Account (1819); translation of his work into German and other languages; and his insistence that the American Philosophical Society imprimatur appear on the title page, because as a Moravian he could not publish anything on his own relating to the Society of the United Brethren. Heckewelder repeatedly touched on Native languages and matters of linguistics: among other things, he referred to the Native vocabularies he himself had collected; a Swedish-Delaware catechism and dispute over "r" or "l" sound; difficulties in hearing Indian languages properly; difficulties in writing Native American languages; comparisons between his own findings and linguistic materials and scholarship published by others (of whom he was often critical); several examples of Delaware or Lenape words, roots, paradigms, gender, usage, etc.; and comparions of Delaware to other Native languages like Ojibwe, Shawnee, Natick, and Narragansett. Heckewelder's letters reveal him to be well-read and immersed in a network of similarly-minded scholars trading information and forwarding books and articles. Specific works by others mentioned include the Steiner article in Columbian Magazine (September 1789); a Pickering-Du Ponceau Dencke's version of St. John's Epistles in Delaware; Zeisberger's Bible translation and Life of Christ; Poulson's paper relating Welsh to Powhatan (which Heckewelder deems incorrect on the basis that Powhatan was Delaware); Pickering's essay on a uniform Orthography and spelling; Eliot's Bible translation; a paper by Zeisberger on Delaware being made men again (#865) and Zeisberger's replies (#341) to 23 queries of Barton (#1636); Loskiel's history (Heckewelder notes general verification in Loskiel for specific incidents and believes that the absence of certain incidents in Loskiel's history is the result of missionary discretion); works by Barton (he criticizes Barton for seeking speedy answers to questions of Indian origins, and for thinking Delaware and Iroquois related); and various publications of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder also wrote about "Indian affairs" such as the Jefferson-Cresap dispute (over Logan speech and affair); Benton's resolution concerning the Christian Indians and Moravian land; the speech of a Delaware at Detroit, 1781; and Heckewelder's role in the Washington City Society for Civilizing the Indians. Ethnographic topics include Native American names, place names, childbirth, swimming, friendship, treatment of captives, derivation of "papoose," names of trees and rivers, and various anecdotes. Other individuals mentioned include Rev. Schulz, Butrick, Colonel Arent Schyler De Peyster, Captain Pipe, Vater, Hesse, Gambold, John Vaughan, Charles Thomson, Thomas Jefferson, Deborah Norris Logan, Mitchill, Daniel Drake, Abraham Steiner, Noah Webster du Ponceau's brother, etc. Heckewelder's letter to Wistar regarding the Naked Bear traditions was printed (except last paragraph) in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1: 363.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (Mss.497.3.H35o)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1816-1822
Subject:Linguistics | Iroquoian languages | Algonquian languages | Social life and customs | Moravians | Missions
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence
Extent:2 reels
Description: These are eighteen letters that mostly concern Indian linguistics. Topics include Heckewelder's writings on the Indians; question of whether or not any of the Delaware can pronounce the letter "r"; and Zeisberger's Onondaga grammar and dictionary. From originals in possession of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
Collection:Peter Stephen Du Ponceau letters, 1816-1822, to John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder (Mss.Film.1162)
Language:Spanish
Date:1568-1806
Contributor:Guatemala. Audiencia
Subject:Guatemala--History | Social life and customs
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms
Extent:2 reels
Description: These reels contain selections from collections pertaining to the history of Guatemala, 1568-1806. Originals in Archivo Nacional, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Collection:Documents on Central America, 1568-1806 (Mss.Film.1155)
Language:Abenaki, Western | English
Date:2002, 2005, 2007
Subject:Legal status | Social life and customs | Vermont--History | Folklore
Type:Text
Genre:Legal documents | Stories
Extent:1.25 linear feet
Description: Much of this material consists of historical materials, including printed and archival sources from multiple institutions, including the APS, regarding Abenaki people and history, assembled by the State of Vermont's Office of the Attorney General in relation to the St. Francis/Sokoki Band of Abenakis of Vermont Petition for Federal Acknowledgment as an Indian Tribe.
Collection:Documents pertaining to the St. Francis/Sokoki Band of Abenakis of Vermont Petition for Federal Acknowledgment as an Indian Tribe (Mss.SMs.Coll.25)
Culture:
Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli
Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka
Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:French
Date:circa 1837
Contributor:Roux de Rochelle, 1762-1849
Subject:Pennsylvania--History | New York (State)--History | Warfare | Hunting | Clothing and dress | Wampum | Petroglyphs | Funeral rites and ceremonies | Diplomacy | Food | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Books | Sketches | Engravings
Extent:2 volumes
Description: These two bound volumes contain a published first edition, 1837, of Jean Baptiste Gaspard Roux de Rochelle's Etats-Unis D'Amerique (History of the United States of America), a Frenchman's take on American history and culture, and a companion volume of original sketches used for the 96 engraved plates. Many of the images--of American scenes and history--in the second volume appear to be based on the work of de Bry and other artists. Some are in color. There are 27 original drawings of Native Americans and 27 steel engravings of the same. They depict indigenous people, primarily from the, in native attire hunting, fishing, playing, mourning, warring, eating, cooking, and celebrating. Some illustrations accompanying the early text are based on Theodore De Bry's engravings of John White's watercolor drawings of Roanoke in 1585. The later historical text is accompanied by illustrations of Oneidas, Mohawks, and Delawares conferring or warring with Europeans. There are also sketches of petroglyphs, pottery, wampum, and headgear. Illustrators and engravers include Vernier, Branche, and Milbert. Some images have been digitized.
Collection:Etats-Unis d'amerique (Mss.917.3.R76)
Culture:
Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1974
Contributor:Campisi, Jack
Subject:Anthropology | Warfare | Trade | Economic conditions | Kinship | Religion | Government relations | Land tenure | Politics and government | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Diplomacy | New York (State)--History | Wisconsin--History | Wisconsin--History | Migration | Marriage customs and rites
Type:Text
Genre:Dissertations
Extent:520 pages
Description: This dissertation by anthropologist Jack Campisi was submitted to the State University of New York at Albany in 1974. The author organized the dissertation into chapters on methodology; war, trade, and change in Oneida society, 1600 to 1810; culture and history of the Wisconsin Oneidas; contemporary society of the Oneidas of Wisconsin; history and culture of the Oneida of the Thames; conflict and division in Oneida society, 1900-1934; contemporary society of the Oneidas of the Thames; the Oneidas of New York, 1840-present; and a conclusion with various approaches to comparing the ecologies, kinship systems, belief systems, political systems, and intra- and inter-tribal relations of the three communities as Campisi seeks to assess the evolving identities and ability to perform "boundary maintence" of each Oneida community. Campisi was a recipient of an APS Phillips Fund grant, and donated this item to the Society.
Collection:Ethnic identity and boundary maintenance in three Oneida communities (Mss.970.3.C15e)
Date:1949-1960
Contributor:De Laguna, Frederica, 1906-2004 | McClellan, Catharine
Subject:Alaska--History | Archaeology | Botany | Social life and customs | Yukon--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Interviews | Microfilms | Sketches
Extent:6 reels
Description: These field notes, compiled by de Laguna and Catherine McClellan, include archaeological investigations, transcripts of interviews with community members and sketches. Tlingit material recorded at Yakutat, Angoon, Carcross, and Teslin, with small amount at Atlin; Ahtna material recorded at Chitina, Copper Center, and Chistochina.
Collection:Field notes on the ethnology of the Tlingit and Copper River Atna (Mss.Film.1127)
Date:circa 1930s
Type:Text
Genre:Essays
Extent:9 pages
Description: The Fijian materials in the ACLS collection consists of two items, "Social organization of the Namuavoivoi" (item 39) and "Namuavoivoi" (item PoNa.1), located in the "Non-American and non-linguistic material" section of the finding aid. The first is a comparison of social structure among the Namuavoivoi (Namuaivoivoi) of Fiji with Polynesian and Maori, and the second is a basic description of the language and its social use.
Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1796-1809
Contributor:Hunter, George, 1755-1823
Subject:Expeditions | Natural history | Social life and customs
Type:Text
Genre:Journals | Travel narratives
Extent:4 volumes
Description: I. Journal kept by George Hunter of a tour from Philadelphia to Kentucky and the Illinois country. July 14 - October 18, 1796 (38 pages). Journal from Philadelphia towards Lexington, Kentucky, by George Hunter, Senior and Junior, August 19 - September 8, 1802 (28 pages). Miscellaneous accounts (2 pages). II. Continuation of journal of trip to Lexington, September 13 - 0ctober 26, 1802 (33 pages). Journey to explore Louisiana, May 27, 1804 - January 28, 1805 (36 pages). III. Journal of an excursion from Natchez on the Mississippi, October 16 - December 31, 1804 (40 pages). Thermometrical observations, October 18 - December 6, 1804 (27 pages). IV. Continuation of journal of excursion from Natchez, January 1 - March 27, 1805 (17 pages). Volume I mentions Indians resorting at the Wabash, gives account of Indian woman who lost nose for infidelity; mentions theft of horses and Indians hired to recover them (Delaware); Indian Gillaway among these. Volumes II, III, and IV, in part based on letters to Hunter's wife, probably copied from these. Volume III mentions Captain Jacobs; Delaware Indians; Chickasaw and Choctaw. Volume IV mentions murder of some Cherokees by Little Osages; plundering of white men by Grand Osages who had visited Washington; Choctaw woman mourning child; memo noting omission of description of Indian mounds, present in copy #472.
Collection:George Hunter Journals (Mss.B.H912)
Date:1995
Contributor:C'Hair, Wayne | C'Hair, William James | Gone, Fred P. | Hatton, Orin T., 1953- | Taylor, Allan R. (Allan Ross), 1931-
Subject:Dance | Linguistics | Music | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs | Wyoming--History
Type:Sound recording
Genre:Interviews | Songs
Extent:5 sound tape reels (4 hr., 44 min.) : DIGITIZED
Description: Linguistic and cultural fieldwork about songs associated with the Crow Dance of the Northern Arapaho and its relation to the Ghost Dance and other tribes' dances. Consists of linguistic and cultural analysis and transcription of 16 pre-recorded songs sung by Fred Gone, Sr. an with Arapaho consultant, William C'Hair. Also includes extensive discussion of Arapaho customs and ceremonies. Recorded in Arapahoe, Wyoming on 18 July 1995. (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)
Collection:Ghost Dance-era Songs of the Arapaho Crow Dance (Mss.Rec.242)