Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Ohio materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Shawnee

Odawa includes: Ottawa

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Illinois Confederation

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Language:English

Date:circa 1951-1953

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015

Type:Text

Genre:Legal documents | Notes | Essays | Correspondence | Reports

Extent:17 folders; 3 boxes

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 20 items directly pertaining to the peoples Wallace called the "Ohio tribes" have been identified. Most of the materials are are located in Series IX. Indian Claims, and relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims. They include copies of and extracts from primary and secondary sources, research notes, tribal histories, court dockets, trial memoranda, and correspondence. There are also research notecards with notes from primary and secondary sources in Series III. Notecards. Series IV. Works by Wallace, A. Professional contains Wallace's Ohio Indians and Haudenosaunee claims reports to lawyers detailing Haudenosaunee, Shawnee, Delaware, Wyandot, Odawa, Miami, and Illinois occupation of Ohio from 1649-1794. In the same series, B. Creative Writing contains a draft of what Wallace called his "Ohio Novel," a fictionalized account of the murder of John Armstrong, Woodworth Arnold, and James Smith by Delawares in 1744 and subsequent events through the Seven Years' War. However, most of the Ohio items pertain to claims to Ohio lands by the Delaware, Shawnee, and Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), and there is overlap with the entries for each of those groups. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Pawnee materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Language:English

Date:Undated

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015

Type:Text

Genre:Legal documents | Reports

Extent:2 folders

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Indian Committee. Records, 1791-1892

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1756-1908

Contributor:Society of Friends

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Diaries | Reports | Minutes

Extent:12 reels

Description: Selections made by Dr. George Snyderman for the American Philosophical Society from the Society of Friends' Record Room in Philadelphia. Includes 12 reels of letters, diaries, reports of missionaries and individual Quakers, etc., committee reports and correspondence from Indians to Quakers, 1791-1908 and undated; minutes of the Committee...for Promoting the Improvement and Gradual Civilization of the Indian Natives (Indian Committee), 1795-1895 and beyond; minutes of the Friendly Association for Regaining and Preserving Peace with the Indians by Pacific Measures, 1756-1791; and miscellaneous papers of teachers, pupils, visitors to Tunessassa Indian School, Quaker Bridge, New York, mostly twentieth century.

Collection:Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Indian Committee. Records, 1791-1892 (Mss.Film.824)

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Potawatomi materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Language:English

Date:circa 1950-1956

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Quimby, George I. (George Irving), 1913-2003 | Kane, Michal Lowenfels | Stewart, Omer Call, 1908-1991

Subject:Land tenure | Land claims | United States. Indian Claims Commission | Anthropology | Government relations

Type:Text

Extent:24 folders; 1 box

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 25 items directly pertaining to the Potawatomi have been identified. The majority of these materials are located in Series IX. Indian Claims, and relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims. Research materials include notes on Potawatomi locations, political organization, and treaty signers by Wallace's assistant Michal Kane, two folders of Wallace's notes, a folder containing an ethnohistorical research paper by anthropologist and museum curator George Quimby, and "Regulations Books" containing reports on tribal history and treaties. Court materials include several dockets, trial memoranda, court findings and briefs, and hearing transcripts. There is also an essay by Wallace titled "Potawatomi Political System and Tribal Membership" and a folder relating to the financial aspect of Wallace's service. See also the Omer Call Stewart file in Series I. Correspondence and the research notecards in Series III. Notecards. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Selected materials on Indian affairs, 1698-1796

Culture:

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1723-1796 and undated

Subject:United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763 | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783 | Warfare | Canada--History--To 1763 (New France) | Government relations

Type:Text

Extent:3 reels

Description: Selected materials on Indian affairs from the Public Archives of Canada, the Public Records Office, London, and Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, relating to the Haudenosaunee. From the Daniel Claus Papers, 1761-1796, are letters and papers on Indian affairs at Forts Pitt, Niagara, and Detroit, with letters of Dr. Alexander McKee, Arthur St. Clair, Joseph Chew, Richard Butler, Joseph Brant, and John Graves Simcoe. From the papers of Brigadier Robert Monckton, 1760-1761, are appointments, returns, reports, bills and receipts, and letters relating to Forts Pitt, Bedford, and Niagara, with letters of James Burd, Horatio Gates, Henry Bouquet, Lewis Ourry, Sir John St. Clair, Thomas Hutchins, John Stanwix, and Lord Amherst. There are also excerpts from the minutes of the Commissioners of Indian Affairs at Albany, 1723-1746; transcripts from the Public Record Office on Indians, trade, defense, 1698-1767, including names of persons naturalized in British America, 1740-61, and accounts of Lt. Col. Harry Gordon, 1756-1761, 1764-1767; Duquesne-Centrecoeur correspondence, 1752-1753, Fonds Verreau, from the Université Laval, Quebec; and, miscellaneous documents. Some of the materials pertain to the Haudenosaunee during the Revolutionary War era. All materials concern eighteenth-century Indian affairs, especially the Haudenosaunee, and to a lesser extent Algonquian Indians. Donated by historian Barbara Graymont in 1965.

Collection:Selected materials on Indian affairs, 1698-1796 (Mss.Film.426)

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Seneca materials, Ely Samuel Parker Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1794-1931

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:367 items

Description: A Sachem and Civil War adjutant to Ulysses Grant, Ely Samuel Parker was an important figure in the Seneca Indian nation during the first half of the nineteenth century. Trained as an engineer, Parker was deeply involved in the Senecas' land disputes with the Ogden Land Company and he played an important role in interpreting Seneca culture for a white audience, most notably as a consultant for Lewis Henry Morgan. Collected by Arthur C. Parker, the Ely Samuel Parker Papers include correspondence, manuscripts, and printed materials relating primarily to Seneca affairs, history, language, and culture, as well as politics, education, engineering, and the Civil War. Several letters relate to Parker's service as engineer of public buildings in Galena, Illinois, and to his Masonic activities. Among the noteworthy items in the collection are several essays on Seneca history and culture, a fragment of Parker's diary, 1847, and a significant quantity of material on the Seneca language assembled by Asher Wright. Rich in information on Seneca history, culture, and language and on Parker's varied activities in both the Indian and white worlds, the collection is a major resource for examining the land and political struggles of the Seneca nation during the 1840s and early 1850s. Comprised of a mix of personal and professional correspondence augmented by a smaller quantity of printed materials, notes, and manuscripts, the collection is richest for the period 1845-1860, with only a few letters pertaining to Parker's Civil War service, and even fewer for the post-war period.

Collection:Ely Samuel Parker Papers (Mss.497.3.P223)

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Taos materials, William N. Fenton papers

Culture:

Taos

Language:English

Date:1948-1950, 1981-1982

Contributor:Brandt, Elizabeth A. | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Stewart, Omer C.

Subject:Government relations | New Mexico--History

Type:Text

Genre:Essays | Field notes | Reports

Extent:4 folders

Description: The Taos materials in the Fenton papers consist of 4 items. In Series III, see Fenton's "Report on the Status of Tribal Government in Three Tribal Cultures: Taos, Klamath, and Blackfeet" which consists of two drafts of Fenton's report on Taos tribal governance. Series IV contains to papers on Taos by Elizabeth A. Brandt and Omer C. Stewart. Series V contains Fenton's field notes that informed his study of Taos governance and culture. Additional material may potentially exist among correspondence in Series I.

Collection:William N. Fenton papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.20)

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Ute materials, Kane Family Papers

Culture:

Ute

Dakota includes: Dakȟóta

Language:English

Date:1891-1894

Subject:Indian Removal, 1813-1903 | Indian agents | Government relations

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Notes

Extent:12 folders

Description: In total, the Kane Family Papers consist of 56 linear feet of letters, legal papers, financial records, etc. of three generations of the prominent Philadelphia family. However, there is also a small but significant batch of material related to the Ute people. Francis Fisher Kane (1866-1955), a lawyer, was involved with the Indian Rights Association, which sent Kane and another Philadelphia lawyer, Frank M. Riter, to Colorado and Utah to report on the situation of the Southern Utes and the U.S. government's proposal to relocate them from their reservation in southern Colorado to Utah, a plan which was successfully opposed. Most of this material is housed in Series V. Francis Fisher Kane. Of particular interest will be three folders marked "Indian Rights Association" and designated #1, #2, and #3 containing correspondence relative to Kane's trip west, subsequent appearance before the Indian Affairs Committee in Washington, D.C., and the IRA's efforts to prevent the removal of the Southern Utes in general. These materials reveal much about the conditions among the Southern Utes, the misbehavior of Indian agents and white neighbors in Durango, the politicking of the Indian Rights Association in Washington, D.C., and the sentiments of these "friends of the Indians," who largely wanted to speed Native peoples along the path to civilization, albeit in as humane a way as possible. There is also a typed copy of a letter from Dakota Ignatius Court (Tamazahanhotanka) from Devil's Lake, Fort Totten, North Dakota reporting the corruption of the local Agent to the Indian Rights Association, along with a letter from Herbert Welsh (corresponding secretary of the IRA) to Kane asking if Kane would go to North Dakota to investigate (in #2). Other corresponents include Thomas Morgan, Charles Odgen, Herbert Welsh, Charles Painter, Charles E. Pancoast, Albert C. Hopkins, etc. Also of particular interest is a folder labeled "Southern Ute Indians," containing copies of letters from Charles A. Bartholomew of the Southern Ute Agency, telegraphs between Bartholomew and Kane, and other materials relating to Kane and Riter's investigation in Colorado and subsequent political activities, very much in the same vein and involving the same correspondents as the first three folders described. Other Ute-related materials include notes of a speech and correspondence from the "Committee on the Southern Utes" (1891); reports and legal notes in a folder labeled "Concerning the Ute Indians #1" (1891); three copies of a letter to Thomas Morgan, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, in "Concerning the Ute Indians #2" (1892); letters from Mary F. Lovell (of the National Women's Christian Temerance Union), Charles C. Painter (of the Indian Rights Association), Ann Booth, Charles Ogden, and S. W. Peel in "Concerning the Ute Indians #3" (1892-1893); a postcard from James M. Fisher regarding a speech for the Indian Affairs Committee (1892); a brief note from James Kerr to Herbert Welsh informing him that the removal bill will not be called up in the present session of Congress (1892); and a folder of newspaper clippings featuring Kane's political and humanitarian activism, including his work for the IRA. There is also one relevant folder in Series I. John Kintzing Kane labeled "Indian Rights Association" (1892) that contains reports, correspondence, and a 105-page typed copy of a diary of their trip to the Southern Ute Agency by Francis Fisher Kane and Frank M. Rite, as well as some correspondence from Herbert Welsh .

Collection:Kane Family Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.115)

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Various Indigenous materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Unangax̂ includes: Aleut, Unangas, Unangan, Алеу́ты, Унаӈан, Унаӈас

Tlingit includes: Lingit, Łingit, Tlinkit

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Shawnee

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Otoe includes: Oto, Jiwére

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Muckleshoot includes: bəqəlšuł

Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Muckleshoot includes: bəqəlšuł

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Iowa includes: Ioway, Báxoje, Bah-Kho-Je

Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ

Creek

Dakota includes: Dakȟóta

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:circa 1937-1999

Type:Still Image | Text

Description: This entry covers materials not otherwise covered by other entries relating to the Anthony Wallace Papers. Researchers are advised to see also the other entries devoted to specific cultural groups, Of particular interest will be Series II. Research Notes and Drafts, particularly Subseries A. Indian Research, which contains correspondence, notes and drafts from Wallace's research among the Seneca and Tuscarora. Some overlapping Native American material is in Subseries B. Revitalization and Culture. Also of particular interest will be Series IX. Indian Claims, which contains Wallace's work (with his research assistant Michal Lowenfels Kane) as an expert witness for several Native American land claims, including those of Creek, Dakota (Sioux), Delaware, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Iowa, Kickapoo, Meskwaki (Fox, Sac and Fox, or Sauk and Fox), Miami, Muckleshoot, Oto-Missouri, Pawnee, Shawnee, and Wyandot peoples. Another concentration of materials can be found in Series VII. Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute and pertain to Wallace's study of "arctic hysteria" (piblokto) among Greenland Inuit. Subseries B. U.S.-Soviet Commission on Anthropology of Series VI. Consulting and Committee Work also contains items on arctic populations. Materials related to Wallace's research on Native American and Indigenous topics can also be throughout Series I. Correspondence (several of Wallace's correspondents were anthropologists, historians, Native individuals, and other interested parties), Series III. Notecards, Series IV. Works by Wallace, Series V. Works by Others, Series VI. Consulting and Committee Work, Series VIII. University of Pennsylvania (to a lesser extent), Series XI. Maps, and Series XII. Graphics. Relevant correspondence files include those of the American Philosophical Society, James Axtell, Molly Nelson Archambaud (Molly Spotted Elk, Penobscot) Whitfield Bell, Robert F. Berkhofer, Carl Bridenbaugh, Edward C. Carter, Raymond Fogelson, Robert Grumet, Jeannette Henry, Stephen N. Kane, George F. Kearney, David H. Kelley, Nancy Lurie, J. T. S. McCabe, D'Arcy McNickle, Chief C. O. Nelson, Stanley Pargellis, Robert Prall, John E. Roth, Claude E. Schaefer, Donald Smith, John Tabor, Norman Tait, Morton I. Teicher, Ronald Thomas, and Katharine Young. The graphics series is also significant, containing images of pictographs, watercolor paintings by Ray Fadden's (Mohawk, aka Aren Akweks) son John (Mohawk, aka Ka-Hon-Hes), original drawings by Seneca Jesse Cornplanter and Tuscarora Nellie Gansworth, and photographs associated with Paul A.W. Wallace's fieldwork among the Indians of Pennsylvania, New York State, and Ontario as well as Anthony F.C. Wallace's research (1947-1985) on American Indians. Specific items not mentioned elsewhere include a folder on "Muckleshoot Tribe vs. the United States, Docket No. 98" and "Tee-Hit-Ton Indians vs. the United States" [the Tee-Hit-Ton are Tlingit] in Series IX. Indian Claims; a folder containing Frank Speck material on the Nanticoke in Series IV. Works by Wallace A. Professional; and a paper on the Nez Perce in Subseries 5. Student Seminar Papers of Series II. Research Notes and Drafts D. Rockdale.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)