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Culture:
Walla Walla includes: Waluulapam, Natítayt
Wishram includes: Wasco-Wishram
Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe
Séliš includes: Salish, Flathead
Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks
Osage includes: 𐓁𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰͘
Omaha includes: Umoⁿhoⁿ
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Sahaptin includes: Shahaptin
Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu
Mandan includes: Nueta
Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox
Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa
Kiowa includes: Ka'igwu
Hidatsa includes: Hiratsa, Hiraacá, Gros Ventre, Minnetaree
Dakota includes: Dakȟóta
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Crow includes: Apsáalooke, Absaroka
Blackfoot includes: Niitsítapi, Blackfeet
Arapaho includes: Arapahoe
Arikara includes: Sahnish, Arikaree, Hundi
Aaniiih includes: A'aninin, Atsina, Gros Ventre
Assiniboine includes: Assiniboin, Nakoda, Hohe, Nakota
Language:English
Date:1804-1806
Contributor:Lewis, Meriwether, 1774-1809 | Clark, William, 1770-1838 | Vaughn, John, 1756-1841 | Mackay, James, 1761-1822 | Hay, John | Evans, John
Subject:Expeditions | Place names | Geography | Botany | Tobacco | Trade | Agriculture | Population | Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)
Type:Text
Genre:Journals | Notes | Correspondence
Extent:6 red morocco book; 80 pages; 3 notebooks; 1 volume;
Description: The Plains materials in the Lewis and Clark journals includes observations on the Arikaras, Assiniboines, Blackfoot, Mandan, Minnetaree, Shoshoni, Blackfoot, Flathead-Tushepaw, Dakota Sioux, Mandan, and Minnetaree, Otos, Sauks, Iowa, Kansas, Kickapoo, Missouri, Omaha, Osage, Pawnees, Ponca, Sioux, Cheyenne (Arapaho), Arikara, Blackfoot, Crow, Kansas, Kiowa, Sioux, Yankton, Memacarjo, Teton, Waupatone, Cascarba, Sisseton, Waupacootar, Hoindeborto, Tecarton, Newastarton, Micacuopsiba, and Siouan, Minnetaree (Gros Ventre), Shoshoni, Assiniboine, Teton Sioux, Mandan, Hidatsa, Showhoni, Arikara, Castahan, Crow, Flathead (Tushepaw), Ootlashoot. The correspondence includes Two letters of Lewis to Jefferson at conclusion of expedition. Replies to questions 6, 7, and 8 concerning Place names and measurement of time and distance; Indian songs. Probably an enclosure in Clark to Biddle, December 7, 1810, printed in Jackson (1962m): 562-564. For Biddle queries see Jackson (1962): 550-554. Mentions Snake, Shoshoni, Castahana, Nemison, Crow or Arpsarrozah, Maw or Pashapalorah. Refers to Indians of Missouri River only: Kanzes, Oto, Missouri, Ponca, Panias (Loups, Republicans), Mahars, Ricares, Mandan, Minetares, Maharha, Ayhawies, Saukes and Reynards, Assiniboine, Christinoes, Cheyenne, Cannarwesh. Mentions Snake Indians. 24 tribes are listed with population, trade, language, and character information included in parallel columns: Osage, Kansas, Otto, Panias, Mahas, Poncaro, Ricaras, Mandans, Ahwahhawa, Minnetaree, Iowa, Saukie; Sioux (Wahparton, Mindawarcarton, Wahpacta, Sissatoni, Yankton, Yankton ah nah, Teton, Teton O Kandandas, Teton Minzarkine, Teton sah one.) Indian tribes mentioned: Cataka, Castahana, Anauawa, Mahar, Sharah-Cheyenne, Ricares, Panias (Loups, Republicans), Padoucas, Cayauwas, Wetapato, Cannavich, Stateton. Mentions Arikara, Gros Ventres, Mandan, Marhaha, Minnetaree, Sioux, and Teton in diary.Arikara (Beuffles de Medecine lodge), Aunahhow or Aunerhoo, Nootarwau, Toowarsar, Tohpahcass, Weheskeu, Wetersoon, (Hidatsa), Arapaho, Assiniboine, Cheyenne, Chippewa, Cree, Crow, Fox, Paduca, Pawnee, Sioux (Sisseton, Teton), Mandan, Minnetaree (Gros Ventre), Shoshoni. Includes list of nations who trade with Arikaras: Aunerhoo, Nootarwau, Toowarsar, Tohpahcass, Weheeskeu-chien, Kunnanarwesh (Arapaho), Tochewahcoo (Fox), Cattarkah (Paducar), Kiewah, Sharhachien. Discusses Arikara, Cheyenne, Comanche, Crow, Kansas, Kickapoo, Mandan, Minnetaree, Omaha, Osage, Dakota, and Teton and Yankton Sioux. Includes list of Crow bands: Shiptahcha, Apsharookee (Absaroka). Also Ecupscuppeah (Tushepaw band) together with locations. Draft list of Western Indians and their locations in Summary of Rivers (Codex N:128-142): Chillatehokle, Potoash, Queets (Quaitson), Pailish, Chiltz, Clamoitomicks, Quinechart, Kilamox. Tribes noted: Ahaharopinopah (Crow band), Alabama, Atacapa, Biloxi, Blood, Cadoquies, Cahokia, Castapanas, Cataka (Haka, Catteka), Cattanahaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, Choketartowomb, Conchates, Creek, Dotames (Dotama, a Paduca group), Ehartsar (Crow band), Esahatenketarpar (Teton Sioux), Hahahartone (Yankton Sioux), Honetaparteen (Yankton, also Honetaparteenwas), Kaskaskia, Keenkesah (Mindawarcarton Sioux), Lalplay (group of Alitan-Snake), Mahtahton (Sioux), Manetopar (Assiniboine-Band lar Gru), Menesharne (Teton Sioux), Miahkeejocksah (Wahpocoota Sioux), Nacota Mahtopanarto (Assiniboine) and Nacota Oseegah, Natchez (Chitemacha), Nemousin (see also Kiowa, Staeton), Noota (Crow band), Otaharton (Wahpatone Sioux), Ozash (Teton Sioux), Pareescar (Crow), Peoria Sahonehontaparpar (Teton Sioux), Sahown (Teton Sioux), Sheo (Teton Sioux), Sosobubar and Sosona (Shoshoni tribe), Tackchandessechar (Sioux-Teton), Tarcoimboto (Yankton Sioux), Tarcoehparh (Teton), Tintahton (Mindawarcarton Sioux), Touincas, Wauneewackataonelar (Teton), Warchinktarhe (Teton), Wetapahatoes and Kiowa (branch of Padouca?), Zaartar (Yankton).Ethnographic materials include a list of natural history specimens sent on November 16, 1805, to the American Philosophical Society by Captain Lewis. 2 pages, copy of Lewis to Jefferson, March 5, 1805, Fort Mandan. Answers written at Fort Mandan to queries concerning Indian land ownership, trade, cultivation, mode of life, mode of taking game, mode of warfare, origins, burial customs, houses, superstitions, modes of punishment, trade, treatment of whites. Data arranged in tabular form with diary observations arranged in one column, 28 pages. Ledger entries comment on plants, giving Kickapoo and Chippewa plant names; 10 pages dated 1800. Ancient fortification on BonHomme Island, the original draft of which is to be found on reverse of Clark's estimate of the western Indians. Mentions Salteaux, Sioux, Mandan, Assiniboine, Oto, Maha, Ponca, Shivitans, Crows, Caneenawees, Shayehn. Printed, Quaife (1916a). See also Jackson (1962): 155-156 for further data. A list of the names of the different nations and tribes of Indians...expressive of the names, languages, numbers, trade, water courses. A large chart listing 72 tribes with parallel columns giving various data. On reverse side only tribes 1-52 are considered, as remainder are Louisiana tribes rather than Missouri and Rocky Mountain Indians. A draft of the "Statistical Estimate..." printed as part of Thomas Jefferson, Message of the President...(February 17, 1806): 9-47. Geographic materials include An account of location of tributaries of the Missouri above Fort Mandan prepared in 1805. This draft appears to antedate the fuller statement in Codex O: 117-128, and supplements the "Summary Statement of the Rivers and Creeks." A lengthy description and list of distances of tributaries of the Missouri from St. Charles to Fort Mandan; an earlier version of the formal statement in Codex O: 69-116 by Lewis. Early draft of Summary Statement of Rivers..."A Summary View of the Rivers and Creeks," pages 69-128; mentions old villages of Missouri and Kansas; recommends trading posts for Oto, Missouri, Poncaras, Panies (Proper, Republican, and Loups), Mahas, Yankton Ahnahs. Mentions Yankton, Sisseton, and Teton Sioux as well as Minnetarees, Mandans, and Ahwahharwas. Pages 116-128 based on Indian information; mentions Flatheads. Probably composed at Fort Mandan, 1804-1805. A translation extracted from journal of James MacKay describing trade route through Lake Superior to the Grand Portage; recording stay with Mandans, Manitouris, and Wattassons in 1797. Includes extract of journal of John Evans, 1796, who visited the Arikaras. Notes by John Hay and his "Description of the route from Mackinac to the Grand Portage," etc., taken by him in 1794.
Collection:Lewis and Clark Journals (Mss.917.3.L58)
Culture:
Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe
Date:1950-1954 and undated
Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Miller, Wick R. | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Uto-Aztecan languages
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Maps | Notes | Essays
Extent:3 folders
Description: Three items relating to Shoshone language and culture have been identified in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. They are all in Subcollection II, and consist of correspondence with Morris Swadesh (regarding Shoshoni, "Shoshonean" languages, and Uto-Aztecan in general) in Series I. Correspondence; a folder containing a "Shoshone dialect and informant distribution map" in Series II. Research Notes, Subseries IX. Uto-Aztecan, except Hopi; and Wick R. Miller's "Western Shoshoni Speech Communities" in Series IV. Works by Others. Researchers might also be interested in the general Uto-Aztecan entry for the Voegelin Papers.
Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)
Culture:
Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe
Date:1967-1968
Contributor:Crawford, James M. (James Mack), 1925-1989 | Liljeblad, Sven S. (Sven Samuel), 1899-2000 | Le Clair, Dorothy | Vallely, Lillian | Condit, Bea | Judson, Bessie | Gross, Joe | Devinne, Ernie | Weyley, Jon | Pocatello, Mr. | Racehorse, Mr. and Mrs.
Subject:Linguistics | Idaho--History | Folklore | Ethnography | Anthropology | Fieldwork
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Notebooks | Field notes | Stories
Extent:3 folders
Description: Materials relating to James M. Crawford's interest in and study of the Shoshone (formerly Shoshoni) language. These materials are located in three folders in Series IV-D. Research Notes & Notebooks--Other. "Shoshoni Notebook #1" is a field notebook dated to 1967-1968 containing linguistic data. Language consultants and contacts mentioned include Mrs. Dorothy Le Clair, her sister Lillian Vallely who worked at the agency office, Mrs. Bessie Judson, Joe Gross, Ernie Devinne, Bea Condit, Jon Weyley, etc. "Shoshoni Notebook #2" is a continuation, picking up soon after #1 ends and going to May, 1968, and is only about a quarter full. This notebook contains work on a story (including a full English translation) about two brothers, the elder who disappeared while out hunting and the younger, Mosquito-Blood, who found the remains of the elder in the teeth of an infant; he buried the remains and the elder returned. The final folder, "Shoshoni Notes," is dated to 1967 and contains about 20 sheets of linguistic notes. Consultants mentioned include Mr. Pocatella and Mr. and Mrs. Racehorse, all audited with Swedish folklorist and linguist Sven Liljeblad.
Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)
Culture:
Tohono O'odham includes: Papago
Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe
Tarahumara includes: Rarámuri
Mono includes: Monache
Luiseño includes: Payómkawichum
Language:English | Paiute, Northern | Hopi | Luiseño | Mono | Nahuatl (macrolanguage) | Tohono O'odham | Shoshoni | Ute-Southern Paiute | Tepecano | Tübatulabal | Warao | Tarahumara, Central
Date:circa 1925-1967
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Uto-Aztecan languages
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Drafts | Vocabularies
Extent:34 folders
Description: There are many materials relating to Uto-Aztecan languages in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. This entry is intended as a catch-all for materials labeled as Uto-Aztecan. Researchers should also view the entries for specific Uto-Aztecan languages and culture groups. Uto-Aztecan materials are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II. In Subcollection I, there are two files of Uto-Aztecan linguistic notes (including lists of possessive forms and an envelope of vocabulary slips in #2) in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-A: Language Notes. In Subcollection II, there is relevant correspondence with Morris Swadesh in Series I. Correspondence. There is also a subseries devoted to Uto-Aztecan languages in Series II. Research Notes. Subseries IX. Uto-Aztecan, except Hopi contains a Uto-Aztecan cognate list, Uto-Aztecan comparative notes, Uto-Aztecan comparative vocabulary lists, and several files devoted to specific languages and language areas. These include Baja California, Bannock, California, Hopi, Luiseño, Mono, Nahuatl, Papago (Tohono O'odham), Shoshone, Southern Paiute, Tepecano, Tübatulabal, Warao, and Zacapoaxtlateco (Nahuatl). Subcollection II contains another subseries devoted to Uto-Aztecan, Subseries III: Uto-Aztecan book of Series III. Works by Voegelin. This subseries contains drafts, primarily typewritten, of 7 chapters of Voegelin's grammatical analysis of Uto-Aztecan languages: Tübatulabal, Tarahumara, Luiseño, Mono, Southern Paiute, Nahuatl ("Nahuatlan"), Tohono O'odham ("Papago").
Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)