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Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Language:English
Date:circa 1825
Subject:Social life and customs | Linguistics | Algonquian languages | Anthropology | Ethnography | Michigan--History
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Reports
Extent:1 reel
Description: This is a forty-eight page report on Delaware culture and language, with selected words and phrases and their meanings, by C. C. Trowbridge in response to a 1823 questionnaire distributed by Lewis Cass. In part a criticism of Heckewelder and DuPonceau. Originals at the University of Michigan.
Collection:Account of some of the traditions, manners and customs of the Lenee Lenauppa Indians: traditions of the Lenee Lenaupee or Delawares: and, language of the Delawares, [ca. 1825] (Mss.Film.883)
Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Language:English
Date:Undated
Contributor:Weer, Paul | Rafinesque, C. S. (Constantine Samuel), 1783-1840 | Squier, E. G. (Ephraim George), 1821-1888 | Brinton, Daniel G. (Daniel Garrison), 1837-1899
Subject:Anthropology | Folklore
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Bibliographies | Biographies
Extent:24 pages
Description: This bibliography is a guide to writings about a chronicle of the Lenape, first studied by Constantine S. Rafinesque, and subsequently by Ephraim G. Squier and Daniel G. Brinton. It is divided into four sections: Rafinesque, with four sources on the man; Walam Olum, listing all known Anthropological Studies; and References, to the Walam Olum. [Note that the Walam Olum has since been discredited as a fraud perpetuated by Rafinesque. See, for instance, David M. Oestreicher, "Unmasking the Walam Olum: A 19th-Century Hoax," Archaeological Society of New Jersey, Bulletin, no. 49 (1994, 1-44); and Oestreicher, "Unraveling the Walam Olum," Natural History, October 1996, 14-21.] From original loaned by Paul A. W. Wallace, 1952.
Collection:Bibliography, of the Walam Olum (Mss.Film.585)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1816-1822
Subject:Linguistics | Iroquoian languages | Algonquian languages | Social life and customs | Moravians | Missions
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence
Extent:2 reels
Description: These are eighteen letters that mostly concern Indian linguistics. Topics include Heckewelder's writings on the Indians; question of whether or not any of the Delaware can pronounce the letter "r"; and Zeisberger's Onondaga grammar and dictionary. From originals in possession of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
Collection:Peter Stephen Du Ponceau letters, 1816-1822, to John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder (Mss.Film.1162)
Culture:
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1789; 1794
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Ohio--History | Warfare | Land tenure | Land claims | Missions | Moravians | Surveying
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence
Extent:2 items
Description: Two letters of Moravian missionary John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder concerning Native Americans. From originals in the Massachusetts Historical Society. A 4-page 1789 letter to an unknown recipient concerns the danger of surveying Moravian Indian lands on the Muskingum River due to threats from Indians, particularly Miamis, and mentions Zeisberger. A 2-page 1794 letter to Timothy Pickering contains information from David Zeisberger concerning Indian affairs; according to Zeisberger and [Gottlob] Senseman, Native peoples (especially Five Nations) at Thames River desire peace.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and papers, 1789-1796 (Mss.Film.805.2)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1790-1976
Contributor:Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829 | Knox, Henry, 1750-1806 | Parish, Jasper, 1767-1836 | Kirkland, Samuel, 1741-1808 | Sergeant, John, 1747-1824
Subject:Government relations | Politics and government | New York (State)--History | United States--History--1783-1815 | Wars--1790-1794 | Treaties | Diplomacy
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Reports | Minutes | Memoranda | Addresses
Extent:4 reels
Description: These papers include letters, reports, minutes, memoranda, and addresses to Indian chiefs, selected from the Pickering papers from the Massachusetts Historical Society and from the Essex Institute. Includes letters and documents pertaining to Pickering, Henry Knox, John Sergeant, Jasper Parrish and Samuel Kirkland; relates to New York and Western Indian affairs, principally Iroquois, but also Nanticoke, Shawano [Shawnee], Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Seneca. Originals at the Massachusetts Historical Society (3 reels) and Essex Institute, Salem, Massachusetts (1 reel). See also Fenton (1953).
Collection:Papers, 1790-1796, on Indian affairs (Mss.Film.638 & 645)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1780-1826
Subject:Missions | Moravians | Warfare | Surveying | Land tenure | Land claims | Religion | Ohio--History | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Diaries | Reports
Extent:8 items
Description: Letters and papers of Moravian missionary John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder concerning Native Americans, particularly Delawares, from originals at the Massachusetts Historical Society and Harvard University. Correspondence includes 3 letters (1780-1781) from Heckewelder to Daniel Brodhead regarding war with Native peoples, Wyandot and Delaware raiding parties, and aid from Killbuck. Two more letters, from Heckewelder to unknown recipients, concern the discontinuation of a survey for Moravian Indian lands on the Muskingum River due to danger from Indians (1789) and, later, claims on the Indian lands on the Muskingum for Moravian Indian mission towns (1796). There is also a report titled "Information respecting British conduct and the Indian war, June 17-23, 1793," containing information on British "meddling" in Indian affairs received from William Henry (Killbuck, Jr.) and others. Finally, there is a letter to the editor of the North American Review, signed R. S. T., about Heckewelder's experience among the Delaware and other Moravian Indians and objecting that Lewis Cass (1826) had overestimated Heckewelder's experience and influence; and a 13-page diary in which Cass defends the experience and influence of Heckewelder as a missionary at Thames River and Gnadenhutten.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and papers, 1789-1796 (Mss.Film.805.2)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1741-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Ettwein, John, 1721-1802 | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808 | Loskiel, George Henry, 1740-1814
Subject:Missions | Moravians | Religion | Social life and customs | Pennsylvania--History | Ohio--History | North Carolina--History | Politics and government | Government relations | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Reports | Journals | Autobiographies | Memoranda
Extent:1 reel
Description: Materials from the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. These papers include letters, reports, and journals relating to Indians, Moravian missions, and communities at Salem (N.C.), Bethlehem (Pa.), and Gnadenhütten, Muskingum, and Fairfield in Upper Canada. Also included are personal correspondence and an autobiography. Contains 86 letters, journals, reports, etc., pertaining to the travels and missionary activities of Heckewelder, mostly in German. Also includes 7 journals, memoranda, and miscellaneous materials of David Zeisberger, pertaining to his years with Indians. Many of the former materials were utilized and published by Paul A. W. Wallace (1958); the latter includes Zeisberger's Memoranda on Indians; Journey to the Six Nations (Haudenosaunee), Nanticokes and Shawanees (Shawnee) in April, 1752, to July, 1752; Conrad Weiser, Observations made on the pamphlet entitled "An enquiry ... [1759]"; Birth records for the 1780s at Friedenshutten and Gnadenhütten; Catalogue of Indians baptized by the United Brethren, 1765-1814 (721 names); and a memorandum of Zeisberger on the Onondaga.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and manuscripts (Mss.Film.514)
Culture:
Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka
Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1760
Contributor:Post, Christian Frederick, 1710?-1785 | Hays, John, 1729 or 1730-1796 | Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763
Subject:Diplomacy | Warfare | Politics and government | Government relations | United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763 | Pennsylvania--History | Ohio--History | Religion | Moravians | Indian captivities | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Journals | Travel narratives
Extent:1 reel
Description: Christian Frederick Post was a Moravian missionary and observer of Native peoples and cultures; he was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1768. This journal of Post's, who was in the company of fellow colonist John Hays and Delaware leader Teedyuscung (and also mentions Delawares Isaac Still and Moses Tattamy), relates to Post's mission as a representative of the Governor and Council of Pennsylvania to the Ohio Valley Indians and the conference held near the Ohio River in 1760. Copy in clerk's hand. Concerning message carried to Mingos (Haudenosaunee, in the Ohio Valley) and other Ohio Indians, return of colonists taken captive during the Seven Years' War, and other happenings on the journey. Includes description of conjuring ceremony. This is a microfilm of an original in possession of Mrs. Henry P. Gummere.
Collection:Journal, 1760, of the great council of the different Indian nations (Mss.Film.204)
Language:English
Date:circa 1793-1819
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Diplomacy | Treaties | Indian agents | Politics and government | Government relations | United States--Politics and government | Moravians | Pennsylvania--History
Type:Still Image | Text
Genre:Microfilms | Journals | Travel narratives | Correspondence | Minutes | Engravings
Extent:1 reel
Description: This journal of Moravian missionary John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder covers travels among the Indians to a conference in Detroit in 1793. Includes a list of the names of different Indian nations in North America, their locations, and number of fighting men. Also contains miscellaneous materials: a letter from Heckewelder to Mordecai Churchman, October 5, 1819, mentioning Peter S. Du Ponceau; engraving of Heckewelder possibly from a painting at the American Philosophical Society; a 1-page letter of Maria Heckewelder to Matthew S. Henry requesting him to relinquish the volume; and some Heckewelder letters. Originals at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
Collection:Journey with the commissioners to the Indian treaty (Mss.Film.805.1)
Culture:
Date:1735-1900
Contributor:Moravian Archives (Bethlehem, Pa.)
Subject:Moravians | Moravian Church | Missions | Linguistics | Religion | Social life and customs | Government relations
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Diaries | Reports | Minutes | Church records
Extent:40 reels
Description: This collection contains correspondence, diaries, reports, letters, conference minutes, church registers and catalogs, and other papers documenting the work of Moravian missionaries among the Indians of North America. Includes language materials in Delaware, Creek, Mohawk, and Onondaga; and materials pertaining to the Chippewa, Cherokee, Nanticoke, and Shawnee. Materials cover New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Kansas, Georgia, Oklahoma, and Ontario. Originals in the Archives of the Moravian Church, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
Collection:Moravian mission among the Indians of North America records, 1735-1900 (inclusive), [microform] (Mss.Film.1279)