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Culture:
Language:English | Susquehannock | Tuscarora | Mohawk | Seneca
Date:1757, 1764-1771
Contributor:Sack, William | Tāyāhaōndeate ("Indian Peter")
Subject:Pennsylvania--History | Linguistics | Seven Years' War, 1756-1763 | Trade
Type:Text
Genre:Notebooks | Vocabularies
Extent:1 vol., 8 p. (vocabulary); 58 p. (memorandum book)
Description: Notebook with memorandum book, Fort Augusta, 1757-1771. Reference is made to Edward Shippen, Jr.; includes 6 pages of vocabulary identified as "Mingo", which may be Susquehannock or Seneca, then 1 page each of Tuscarora and Mohawk numerals; all copied in Indian vocabularies (Mss.497.In2). Memorandum book carries list of obligations, November 1764 - May 4, 1771. The vocabulary was taken from William Sack, a Conestoga Indian, in January 1757 at Fort Augusta in the midst of the Seven Years' War. Sack would later become a controversial figure in Pennsylvania history. The Paxton Boys claimed he was a murderer and used his presence in the Conestoga's camp as pretext for their assault on the Conestoga Indians. The manuscript then changes to the financial transactions of an unknown individual running from 1764 to 1771, although some evidence suggests that Edward Burd kept this memorandum book and vocabulary. This section runs 58 pages. It does not appear to containing any information on Indigenous languages, but may potentially contain information relevant to research Indigenous and settler interactions during this period.
Collection:A vocabulary in the Mingo tongue taken from the mouth of William Sack, a Canistogo Indian. . . and memorandum book (Mss.497.3.V852m)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1737-1751
Contributor:Bull, William, 1683-1755 | Gooch, William, Sir, 1681-1751 | Lee, Thomas, 1690-1750 | Logan, James, 1674-1751 | Penn, Thomas, 1702-1775 | Thomas, George, 1695?-1774 | Catawba chiefs | Weiser, Conrad, 1696-1760 | Glen, James, 1701-1777
Subject:Warfare | Diplomacy | Pennsylvania--History | South Carolina--History | United States--History--King George's War, 1744-1748 | Canada--History--To 1763 (New France)
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Instructions
Extent:19 items
Description: Correspondence between James Logan, other royal and propriety officials, and various Native groups regarding Native affairs. Topics include Catawba relations with Cherokees, Haudenosaunee, and other Native groups; Catawba relations with various colonies; efforts to preserve peace among Britain's Native allies; fears about effect of inter-Native warfare during King George's War; and efforts to arrange a peace treaty between the Catawbas and the Haudenosaunee. Individuals mentioned include Schermerhorn and Conrad Weiser.
Collection:Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan, 1699-1750 (Mss.B.L82)
Culture:
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Language:English
Date:November 21, 1748
Contributor:Weiser, Conrad, 1696-1760
Subject:Moravians | Missions | Pennsylvania--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:1 page
Description: Letter to Richard Peters stating that Shickellamy is going to Bethlehem, apparently as a convert. Weiser expects "nothing but mischief by these people" (meaning the Moravians).
Collection:Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan, 1699-1750 (Mss.B.L82)
Culture:
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Language:English
Date:1756
Contributor:Nickodemus | Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763
Subject:Pennsylvania--History | Warfare
Type:Text
Genre:Reports
Extent:1 document
Description: In Section 2: 322-328. Menacing Indians wish to destroy Easton and Bethlehem. Otherwise settlers can flee; make Bethlehem stronger. Wish to kill Tadyuscung and followers for being friendly to English. Deposition of Nickodemus. Cayugas wish to kill whites.
Collection:Timothy Horsfield Papers (Mss.974.8.H78)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1758-1763
Contributor:Shippen, Edward, approximately 1703-1781
Subject:Warfare | Diplomacy | Fort Augusta | United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763 | Pennsylvania--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:2 items
Description: Two letters to Joseph Shippen. One (1758) mentions twelve Cherokees and one Mohawk en route to Philadelphia and then to Colonel Johnson. Cites cost of keeping them. The second (1763) discusses Indian attacks; mentions Cherokees and Creeks. Note on Indian movements near Fort Augusta and a copy of letter of James Irvine to Caleb Carnault, 15 June 1763, discussing strength of Fort Augusta.
Collection:Edward Shippen letters and papers (Mss.B.Sh62)
Culture:
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:January 22, 1737
Contributor:Logan, James, 1674-1751
Subject:Diplomacy | Virginia--History | Pennsylvania--History
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:2 pages
Description: Letter to Conrad Weiser regarding letters from Governor William Gooch of Virginia regarding persuading Cherokees to meet with the Haudenosaunee. Weiser should help get them to agree to meet.
Collection:Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan, 1699-1750 (Mss.B.L82)
Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1991
Contributor:Lowe, Joan L.
Subject:Gender | Religion | Moravians | Land transfers | Land claims | Social life and customs | Fur trade | Pennsylvania--History | Government relations | Warfare | Politics and government | Economic conditions | Clothing and dress
Type:Text
Genre:Theses
Extent:86 pages
Description: This senior thesis for honors in American History was submitted to the University of Pennsylvania in 1991. Lowe's advisors were Anthony F. C. Wallace and Edward C. Carter III. The author was inspired by Peggy Reeves Sanday and Carroll Smith-Rosenberg to develop a feminist perspective in her study of history, and approaches the "Delaware as women" trope accordingly to argue that Delawares adopted a "European gender discourse" that "contributed to the erosion of Delaware Indian culture." Lowe focuses on laying out the background of the "Delaware as women"problem; analyzing morality (particular sexual mores), gender roles, and the use of the word "petticoats" in the context of Delaware culture; the position of the Delawares in relation to the Haudenosaunee; land disputes and agreements; the fur trade; religion, particularly Moravian missionaries and native prophets; and politics. Gift of Joan L. Lowe.
Collection:Colonial gender discourse and the Delaware Indians; 1991 (Mss.970.3.L948c)
Culture:
Odawa includes: Ottawa
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:circa 1730-1990, bulk 1947-1956
Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Becker, Marshall Joseph | Witthoft, John | Hunter, William A. (William Albert), 1908- | Weslager, C. A. (Clinton Alfred), 1909-1994
Subject:Religion | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Land tenure | Land claims | United States. Indian Claims Commission | Anthropology | Pennsylvania--History | Ethnography | Personality | Psychology | Government relations | Politics and government | Ohio--History
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Essays | Drafts | Essays | Correspondence | Legal documents
Extent:44 folders, 1 box
Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 44 folders and one box of materials directly pertaining to the Delaware (also known as Lenape and Munsee) have been identified. Most of these items pertain to Wallace's personal research interest in the Delaware--beginning during his graduate studies, which led to the publication of "King of the Delawares: Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763" (1949), a psychoanalytic ethnohistory based on his masters thesis--and to his work as an expert witness for Native American land claims in the 1950s. There is one box containing research notecards on primary and secondary sources in Series III. Notecards. There are eight folders of notes, drafts, and other materials on Teedyscung, religion and revitalization, women, land, political organization, and other topics in Series IV. Works by Wallace A. Professional. There are two folders on "The Forbidden Path: Teedyuscung's Embassy to the Western Indians in 1760" by William A. Hunter and John Witthoft in Series V. Works by Others. Series IX. Indian Claims contains dockets, articles, notes, tribal histories, reports, etc., relating to Wallace's work as an expert witness for Delaware land claims (and the related land claims of other groups, such as the "Ohio Tribes" and the Haudenosaunee). There are also two folders of materials on the Lenape by Wallace's student Marshall Joseph Becker in Series II. Research Notes and Drafts B. Revitalization and Culture, as well as a folder of correspondence with Becker in Series I. Correspondence. Other relevant correspondence files include those of the American National Biography, Carl Bridenbaugh, Dwight Lewis Chamberlain, Loren C. Eiseley, the Eleutherian Mills--Hagley Foundation, Herbert Goltz, Jennifer King Hodges, William A. Hunter, Ruthe Blalock Jones, Mrs. Samuel P. Kelly, Harry B. Kelsey, Jean Laub, Franklin O. Loveland, Joan Lowe, Arthur Meyes, Russell Moses, Elizabeth Pilant, Claude E. Schaefer, Frank Speck, John Tabor, University of Pennsylvania Press, C. A. Weslager, and David Wyubeek. Finally, there is a folder of material on the history of the Munsee Recitation Festival (from originals in the Buffalo Historical Society and attributed to a Delaware resident of the Six Nations reserve in Canada, Albert Shequaqknind Anthony) in Series II. Research Notes and Drafts A. Indian Research. Note that there is also considerable Delaware material filed under "Ohio Tribes," particularly in land claims cases, and researchers should view the Ohio entry as well. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.
Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)
Culture:
Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1756-1787
Contributor:Norris, Isaac, 1701-1766 | Thomson, Charles, 1729-1824 | Wharton, Samuel, 1732-1800 | Wharton, Thomas, 1730-1782 | Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834 | Harmar, Josiah, 1753-1813 | Bouquet, Henry, 1719-1765 | Paris, Ferdinand John | Spicer, Jacob, 1716-1765
Subject:Deeds | Land claims | Pennsylvania--History | Warfare | United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763 | Pontiac's Conspiracy, 1763-1765
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Minutes
Extent:18 items
Description: Correspondence and minutes of conferences relating to Pennsylvania's relations with Delawares, Shawnees, and the Haudenosaunee. Land deeds and purchases, the Treaty of Easton, the Seven Years' War era, the conflict called Pontiac's War and the surrender of the Delawares and Shawnees, the Treaty of Fort Stanwix, the Empress of Russia and her plan for a universal dictionary, Teedyuscung and his fitness for leadership are among the topics discussed.
Collection:Benjamin Franklin Papers (Mss.B.F85)
Culture:
Date:1781-1819 and undated
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Green, Daniel (Mohawk) | Killbuck, John (William Henry) | Beaver, Mr. | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808 | Miller, Samuel | Hopocan, approximately 1725-1794 (Captain Pipe)
Subject:Government relations | Linguistics | Missions | Social life and customs | Pennsylvania--History | Moravians
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies | Notes | Essays
Extent:16 items
Description: These items includes notes, letters, and essays on the history, manners, and languages of Native peoples, particularly the Lenape ("Delaware"), sent by Heckewelder to the Committee and to members of the American Philosophical Society. Contains answers to queries, historical material (such as the arrival of Europeans; relations between the Delawares and Haudenosaunee), Indian speeches, replies to letters of Peter S. Du Ponceau, references to Swedish-Lenape translations, Indian writing, translations of English into Indian languages. Mentions Delaware individuals, both named and unnamed.
Collection:Communications to the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society, 1816-1821 (Mss.970.1.H35c)