Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Ute materials, William O. Bright Papers

Culture:

Ute

Paiute, Southern

Chemehuevi includes: Nüwüwü, Tantáwats

Language:Ute-Southern Paiute | English

Date:1953-1967

Subject:Linguistics | Ethnography | Place names

Type:Text | Sound recording

Extent:0.1 linear feet

Description: Between 1992 and 1993 especially, William Bright made audio recordings of Ute vocabulary (especially place names) (Series 6), some of which is documented in a field notebook (Series 3 Subseries 1), and contributed orthography recommendations to the Southern Ute tribe (Series 4). Among other correspondence, Bright had a version of J. P. Harrington's Chemehuevi noun list, edited by Kenneth Hill, as part of assorted materials relating to Harrington's fieldwork (Series 1), as well as the pamphlet "The Chemehuevi Indians of Southern California" (Ronald Dean and Peggy Jeanne Miller, 1967, published by the Malki Museum Press).

Collection:William O. Bright Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.142)

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Uto-Aztecan materials, John Alden Mason Papers

Culture:

Yaqui includes: Hiaki, Yoeme

Ute

Tepecano

Tepehuán includes: Tepehuanes, Tepehuano

Tohono O'odham includes: Papago

Rarámuri includes: Tarahumara

Mayo includes: Yoreme

Hupa includes: Natinixwe, Na:tinixwe, Natinook-wa, Na:tini-xwe, Hoopa

Huichol includes: Wixáritari

Cora includes: Naáyarite

Akimel O'odham includes: Pima

Date:1914-1962

Subject:Linguistics | Uto-Aztecan languages | Anthropology | Orthography and spelling

Type:Text

Genre:Notes | Correspondence | Essays | Vocabularies

Extent:21 items

Description: Materials relating to John Alden Mason's interest and research in Uto-Aztecan languages and cultures. Items include notes and letters on Uto-Aztecan historical Mason's "Some initial phones and combinations in Utaztecan stems," an abstract and full text of a paper delivered at the Philadelphia meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1951); unattributed corresondence discussing that 1951 paper; Mason's correspondence with Edward Sapir regarding Mason's work on the Tepehuan, Papago [Tohono O'odham], Sonoran and Yaqui languages, Sapir's work on Paiute and Hupa, and mentioning Boas, Rivet, Speck, Spier, and Whorf; earlier correspondence with Sapir relaying Tepehuan, Tepecano, Papago [Tohono O'odham], and Nahua examples, data from Mason for Sapir's use in Uto-Aztecan comparative work, Sapir's comments on Mason's data and analysis, and Sapir's views on Uto-Aztecan historical Mason's corresondence with Ruth Benedict regarding work on Papago [Tohono O'odham], Pima, and Yaqui languages, an honorarium for Franz Boas, and Ruth Underhill's Papago Rites and ceremonies; correspondence with George Herzog regarding Tepehuan music and language, Pima-Papago language, and mentioning Franz Boas, Gene Weltfish, Edward Sapir, Ruth Underhill, Frank G. Speck, and others; correspondence with David H. Kelley regarding comparison of Polynesian and Uto-Aztecan languages (Kelly's dissertation); part of Kelley's Harvard University doctoral dissertation regarding the borrowing of Uto-Aztecan words into Polynesian; Benjamin Lee Whorf on Uto-Aztecan languages, including a table of relationships and a photo reproduction of Whorf's Azteco-Tanoan tree; correspondence with Whorf regarding Whorf's grant application to the Social Sciences Research Council to work on modern Nahuatl, and also touching on Uto-Aztecan phonology, Maya glyphs, Nahuatl, Papago [Tohono O'odham], Tepecano, Tepehuan, Yaqui, and subgrouping; and correspondence with Morris Swadesh regarding establishing an official Aztec alphabet, Swadesh's glotto-chronological work in Uto-Aztecan, disagreement between Mason and Swadesh over the number of stop series in Papago [Tohono O'odham], Swadesh's retraction (to be published in Word) of his criticisms of Mason's Papago [Tohono O'odham] grammar, and copies of letters from Swadesh to [Dean] Saxton and Andre Martinet. Undated linguistic materials include notes, Vocabularies, vocabularies, comparisons with notes about correspondences, comparative vocabularies, notes on numerical systems, cognates with English glosses, cognates with Spanish glosses, lexicostatistical compilations, etc. Languages represented (and not merely mentioned) include Huichol, El Nayar Cora, Nahuatl, Opata, Tarahumara, Tepecano, Tepehuan, Tohono O'odham, Tubar, Yaqui, and Mayo; it is unclear, however, which specific Tarahumara and Tepehuan languages are represented.

Collection:John Alden Mason Papers (Mss.B.M384)

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Various Indigenous materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Unangax̂ includes: Aleut, Unangas, Unangan, Алеу́ты, Унаӈан, Унаӈас

Tlingit includes: Lingit, Łingit, Tlinkit

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Shawnee

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Otoe includes: Oto, Jiwére

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Muckleshoot includes: bəqəlšuł

Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Iowa includes: Ioway, Báxoje, Bah-Kho-Je

Inuit includes: Inuk, Eskimo (pej.), ᐃᓄᐃᑦ

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Creek

Dakota includes: Dakȟóta

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:circa 1937-1999

Type:Still Image | Text

Description: This entry covers materials not otherwise covered by other entries relating to the Anthony Wallace Papers. Researchers are advised to see also the other entries devoted to specific cultural groups, Of particular interest will be Series II. Research Notes and Drafts, particularly Subseries A. Indian Research, which contains correspondence, notes and drafts from Wallace's research among the Seneca and Tuscarora. Some overlapping Native American material is in Subseries B. Revitalization and Culture. Also of particular interest will be Series IX. Indian Claims, which contains Wallace's work (with his research assistant Michal Lowenfels Kane) as an expert witness for several Native American land claims, including those of Creek, Dakota (Sioux), Delaware, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Iowa, Kickapoo, Meskwaki (Fox, Sac and Fox, or Sauk and Fox), Miami, Muckleshoot, Oto-Missouri, Pawnee, Shawnee, and Wyandot peoples. Another concentration of materials can be found in Series VII. Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute and pertain to Wallace's study of "arctic hysteria" (piblokto) among Greenland Inuit. Subseries B. U.S.-Soviet Commission on Anthropology of Series VI. Consulting and Committee Work also contains items on arctic populations. Materials related to Wallace's research on Native American and Indigenous topics can also be throughout Series I. Correspondence (several of Wallace's correspondents were anthropologists, historians, Native individuals, and other interested parties), Series III. Notecards, Series IV. Works by Wallace, Series V. Works by Others, Series VI. Consulting and Committee Work, Series VIII. University of Pennsylvania (to a lesser extent), Series XI. Maps, and Series XII. Graphics. Relevant correspondence files include those of the American Philosophical Society, James Axtell, Molly Nelson Archambaud (Molly Spotted Elk, Penobscot) Whitfield Bell, Robert F. Berkhofer, Carl Bridenbaugh, Edward C. Carter, Raymond Fogelson, Robert Grumet, Jeannette Henry, Stephen N. Kane, George F. Kearney, David H. Kelley, Nancy Lurie, J. T. S. McCabe, D'Arcy McNickle, Chief C. O. Nelson, Stanley Pargellis, Robert Prall, John E. Roth, Claude E. Schaefer, Donald Smith, John Tabor, Norman Tait, Morton I. Teicher, Ronald Thomas, and Katharine Young. The graphics series is also significant, containing images of pictographs, watercolor paintings by Ray Fadden's (Mohawk, aka Aren Akweks) son John (Mohawk, aka Ka-Hon-Hes), original drawings by Seneca Jesse Cornplanter and Tuscarora Nellie Gansworth, and photographs associated with Paul A.W. Wallace's fieldwork among the Indians of Pennsylvania, New York State, and Ontario as well as Anthony F.C. Wallace's research (1947-1985) on American Indians. Specific items not mentioned elsewhere include a folder on "Muckleshoot Tribe vs. the United States, Docket No. 98" and "Tee-Hit-Ton Indians vs. the United States" [the Tee-Hit-Ton are Tlingit] in Series IX. Indian Claims; a folder containing Frank Speck material on the Nanticoke in Series IV. Works by Wallace A. Professional; and a paper on the Nez Perce in Subseries 5. Student Seminar Papers of Series II. Research Notes and Drafts D. Rockdale.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Various materials, Bruce L. Pearson Papers

Culture:

Kwomtari

Wea

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Saponi includes: Saponny

Pamunkey

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie

Nanticoke

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Kalinago includes: Carib, Island, Kalhíphona

Catawba includes: Iswa

Algonquin

Date:1960s-2000s

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Notes

Extent:ca. 15 folders

Description: The Bruce L. Pearson Papers includes files relating to various languages and/or peoples that were outside of his main research scope, primarily on linguistics topics. These are especially throughout Series VI. Other subject files, as well as in Series VII and Series VIII, and are just one or two files per language or culture listed in this guide entry.

Collection:Bruce L. Pearson Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.265)

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Virginia materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli

Language:English

Date:1920-1947

Type:Text | Three-dimensional object | Still Image

Extent:40 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in the various Virginia- or Chesapeake-area peoples sometimes collectively lumped as Powhatans, including the Chickahominy, Mattaponi, Nansemond, Pamunkey, and Rappahannock peoples, from the early contact period into the mid-twentieth century. The Cherokees, Seminoles, Tuscaroras, and Penobscots are also mentioned. Correspondence includes Speck's correspondence with Chickahominy consultants like Chief George L. Nelson, Mrs. S. P. Nelson, Chief James H. Nelson, and E. P. Bradby; Pamunkey consultants like Paul L. Miles and Chief O. W. Adkins; Charles Edgar Gilliam, a Petersburg, Virginia, attorney and amateur historian, etymologist, and ethnologist; and a letter from Werner Müller in Berlin to the University of Pennsylvania inquiring whether Speck's book on the Nansamond and Chickahominy Indians was published and mentioniong Speck's publications on the Rappahannock and Powhatan. Other materials, largely arranged by topic, were compiled by Speck as well as by some his students, particularly those who participated in a field research group between 1939 and 1942, such as Mary Rowell Carse, Edmund Carpenter, Royal Hassrick, John "Jack" Kremens, Maurice A. Mook, Robert Solenberger, and Theodore Stern. Of particular interest might be a folder of 1941-1946 correspondence (42 letters) and copies of various documents relating to the efforts of Speck, James R. Coates, and others to overcome the practice of Virginia draft boards to classify indigenous peoples as "Negroes" for Selective Service. Other materials include a folder on Chickahominy efforts to gain recognition, including chartering the tribe as an incorporation; two of Speck's field notebooks on the Pamunkey, Mattaponi, Rappahannock, Cherokee, and Chickahominy; Speck's reading notes on topics like gourds and the bow and arrow in early contact days; a description of "Pamunkey Town" in 1759, based on Andrew Burnaby, Travels (1760); a 1940 newspaper article titled "Virginia Indians Past and Present"; notes on Virginia Indian populations in 1668, based on figures obtained from a regulation requiring certain numbers of wolves be killed by various Indian groups; Charles Edgar Gilliam's "Historical sketch of Appomatoc Indians, 1607-1723"; and Gilliam on Powhatan Algonquian birds, etc., in colonial times. Other folders are devoted to topics such as Pamunkey hunting and fishing, Pamunkey games and amusements, Pamunkey celestial and meteorological phenomena, Pamunkey contemporary technology, Pamunkey emergency foods, Pamunkey fish, amphibians, shellfish, and reptiles, Pamunkey reptiles, Pamunkey animals, Pamunkey birds, Pamunkey mensuration, Pamunkey miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Pamunkey social organization, Pamunkey pottery, Pamunkey plants and agriculture, Pamunkey foods, Pamunkey medicines and poisons, Pamunkey folklore and language, Rappahannock field notes, Rappahannock contemporary technology, Rappahanock taking devices, Rappahannock miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Mattaponi miscellaneous notes and correspondence, Chickahominy miscellaneous notes and correspondence, field notes on Western Chickahominy, Nansemond miscellaneous notes and correspondence, and miscellaneous notes and correspondence on Virgina Indians.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Waimiri-Atroari materials, Floyd G. Lounsbury Papers

Culture:

Waimiri-Atroari includes: Kinja

Language:English | Portuguese | Waimiri-Atroari

Date:1991-1993

Contributor:Athayde, Austregasilo de | Lounsbury, Floyd Glenn | Mason, John Alden, 1885-1967

Type:Text | Still Image

Genre:Correspondence | Photographs | Dictionaries | Drafts

Extent:2 folders

Description: Series I contains correspondence from Austregasilo de Athayde on a Waimiri-Atroari education program. In Series II, Other Languages and Cultures of the Americas - South America, there is a folder titled "Waimari" containing a variety of manuscripts including a dictionary and photographs.

Collection:Floyd G. Lounsbury Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.95)

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Wakashan materials, ACLS collection

Culture:

Nuu-chah-nulth includes: Nootka, Nutka, Aht, Westcoast

Kwakwaka'wakw includes: Kwakiutl

Ditidaht includes: Nitinat

Language:Ditidaht | English | Kwak'wala | Nuu-chah-nulth

Date:1910-1952

Contributor:Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies | Notes

Extent:75 pages; 47 slips

Description: The Wakashan materials in the ACLS collection consist of materials in the "Wakashan" section of the finding aid assembled by Sapir and Swadesh from earlier fieldwork materials. The materials in this section are all comparative vocabularies and analyses of mutiple Wakashan languages, primarily Nuu-chah-nulth, Kwak'wala, and Ditidaht. Distinction between these languages will be more apparent in the materials in themselves. See also the separate listings in this guide specifically for Ditidaht, Kwakwaka'wakw, and Nuu-chah-nulth materials.

Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)

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Walter Dyk Collection

Culture:

Wasco-Wishram

Language:English | Wasco-Wishram

Date:1906-1956

Type:Text

Extent:0.5 linear feet

Description: The Walter Dyk Collection consists of 16 folders relating to Dyk's dissertation research on Wishram, 1930-1933, donated to the APS by Dell Hymes in the 1980s (with additions transferred from the Dell H. Hymes Papers in 2019). It includes copies of his masters thesis (Chicago, 1931) and dissertation (Yale, 1933), papers and notes sent to Dell Hymes in the mid-1950s when Hymes was working on the language, including two field notebooks, Hymes' plans for use of these and other materials, and a small but important set of correspondence. The correspondence includes letters to Dyk from Philip Kahclamet, who was Dyk's primary consultant for "Kikct" (which Kahclamet identifies as a broad term for several related varieties), and who later worked with Hymes; from Edward Sapir to Dyk, including a very long and detailed letter commenting on phonology in Dyk's dissertation; and a series of letters to Sapir from Peter McGuff, Sapir's Wishram consultant at Fort Simcoe, Washington, 1906-1908. Sapir described him in Sapir (1909), and Michael Silverstein discussed him in Natural Histories of Discourse (1996), a volume co-edited by Silverstein and Greg Urban. See finding aid for related material and an itemized list of contents.

Collection:Walter Dyk Collection (Mss.497.3.H998m)

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Wampanoag materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Wampanoag includes: Wôpanâak

Narragansett

Mashpee includes: Mattachiest, Cummaquid

Language:English

Date:1923-1928 and undated

Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Bever, Marion G. | Perry, Leroy C. | Hammett, Frederick S. (Frederick Simonds), 1885- | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys

Subject:New England--History | Massachusetts--History | Archaeology | Social life and customs | Politics and government

Type:Text

Extent:2 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of the peoples now often known collectively as Wampanoag, but who once comprised several tribal entities living in eastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, including Cape Cod (the Nauset) and islands such as Martha's Vineyard (the Aquinnah or Gay Head Indians). In Subcollection I, Series I, see item II(4B9c), "Mistassini Band -- c. Field Notes," which contains notes, some by Gladys Tantaquidgeon concerning "Gay Head Indians." In this same series, see item III(14D11) "Wampanoag miscellaneous notes," which includes one postal card from Uncle Al to Speck, concerning an island; a letter from Rachelle T. Ryan to Speck reserving a cottage at Gay Head; Frederick S. Hammett (Wistar Institute) to Speck concerning his archaeological find at North Truro, Massachusetts; and a four-page letter from Chief Leroy C. Perry (Ousamequin or Yellow Feather, Wampanoag) concerning tribal and intertribal social activities. Item III(14D17), "Pennacook miscellaneous notes" contains a notebook with information on Wampanoag of Martha's Vineyard and Cape Cod areas, incuding genealogical and population notes. In Series I, Series II, see correspondence with Marion G. Bever. Finally, see the "Wampanoag" folder in Subcollection I, Series III, which contains 6 photographs. In Subcollection I, Series IV, there is one lantern slide of Mashpee Indians. In Series V, see the map "Maine, New England, Eastern Canada."

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Wappo materials, Mary R. Haas Papers

Culture:

Wappo

Language:Wappo | English | Spanish | Yuki

Date:1968, undated

Contributor:Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Sawyer, Jesse O.

Subject:Linguistics | Games

Type:Text

Genre:Vocabularies | Drafts | Correspondence

Extent:3 folders

Description: Mary Haas co-authored a paper with Jesse O. Sawyer on Wappo playing card terms borrowed from Spanish. Items in the correspondence (Series 1) and research file (Series 2) relate to this, as well as comparisons between Yuki and Wappo.

Collection:Mary R. Haas Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.94)