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Culture:
Date:1781-1819 and undated
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Green, Daniel (Mohawk) | Killbuck, John (William Henry) | Beaver, Mr. | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808 | Miller, Samuel | Hopocan, approximately 1725-1794 (Captain Pipe)
Subject:Government relations | Linguistics | Missions | Social life and customs | Pennsylvania--History | Moravians
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies | Notes | Essays
Extent:16 items
Description: These items includes notes, letters, and essays on the history, manners, and languages of Native peoples, particularly the Lenape ("Delaware"), sent by Heckewelder to the Committee and to members of the American Philosophical Society. Contains answers to queries, historical material (such as the arrival of Europeans; relations between the Delawares and Haudenosaunee), Indian speeches, replies to letters of Peter S. Du Ponceau, references to Swedish-Lenape translations, Indian writing, translations of English into Indian languages. Mentions Delaware individuals, both named and unnamed.
Collection:Communications to the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society, 1816-1821 (Mss.970.1.H35c)
Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Language:English
Date:December 22, 1859
Subject:Linguistics
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:1 letter
Description: Concerns Delaware Indians' language. Seeks aid of a Philadelphian in translating Place names. Sends notes on his work.
Collection:John Fries Frazer Papers (Mss.B.F865)
Culture:
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw
Mandan includes: Nueta
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Date:1816-1822
Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823
Subject:Anthropology | Ethnography | Linguistics | Social life and customs | Missions | Government relations | Religion | Place names | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:0.5 linear feet, circa 115 items
Description: Letters from Moravian missionary, historian, and linguist John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder, mostly to Peter Stephen du Ponceau with one to Caspar Wistar. Some of the replies from Du Ponceau are copied in the letter books of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder most frequently wrote of the publications he was working on or revising, particularly his Account of the Indian nations (1819), Narrative (1820), Heckewelder (1821), a Mohican (Mohegan) vocabulary, remarks on a Swedish-Delaware vocabulary, etc., some of which were to be published or republished by the American Philosophical Society. Many letters thus revolve around the research, writing, and publishing processes, including Heckewelder's responses to du Ponceau's edits and suggestions; his own edits, additions, lists of errors, etc.; his concern that errors by the typesetter could bring criticism on linguistic portions; new information and discoveries, such as the finding of a Maqua (Haudenosaunee) manuscript in the Moravian Archives; negative reviews and criticisms of his work, like an objectionable review in the North American Review (1819), a review in the Westchester Village Record disputing the role of Delaware as women, and William Darby's disagreement about Heckewelder's account of the killing of Native people by Williamson and his men; more positive responses to his work, like an honorary membership in the Massachusetts Peace Society for his Account (1819); translation of his work into German and other languages; and his insistence that the American Philosophical Society imprimatur appear on the title page, because as a Moravian he could not publish anything on his own relating to the Society of the United Brethren. Heckewelder repeatedly touched on Native languages and matters of linguistics: among other things, he referred to the Native vocabularies he himself had collected; a Swedish-Delaware catechism and dispute over "r" or "l" sound; difficulties in hearing Indian languages properly; difficulties in writing Native American languages; comparisons between his own findings and linguistic materials and scholarship published by others (of whom he was often critical); several examples of Delaware or Lenape words, roots, paradigms, gender, usage, etc.; and comparions of Delaware to other Native languages like Ojibwe, Shawnee, Natick, and Narragansett. Heckewelder's letters reveal him to be well-read and immersed in a network of similarly-minded scholars trading information and forwarding books and articles. Specific works by others mentioned include the Steiner article in Columbian Magazine (September 1789); a Pickering-Du Ponceau Dencke's version of St. John's Epistles in Delaware; Zeisberger's Bible translation and Life of Christ; Poulson's paper relating Welsh to Powhatan (which Heckewelder deems incorrect on the basis that Powhatan was Delaware); Pickering's essay on a uniform Orthography and spelling; Eliot's Bible translation; a paper by Zeisberger on Delaware being made men again (#865) and Zeisberger's replies (#341) to 23 queries of Barton (#1636); Loskiel's history (Heckewelder notes general verification in Loskiel for specific incidents and believes that the absence of certain incidents in Loskiel's history is the result of missionary discretion); works by Barton (he criticizes Barton for seeking speedy answers to questions of Indian origins, and for thinking Delaware and Iroquois related); and various publications of the Historical and Literary Committee. Heckewelder also wrote about "Indian affairs" such as the Jefferson-Cresap dispute (over Logan speech and affair); Benton's resolution concerning the Christian Indians and Moravian land; the speech of a Delaware at Detroit, 1781; and Heckewelder's role in the Washington City Society for Civilizing the Indians. Ethnographic topics include Native American names, place names, childbirth, swimming, friendship, treatment of captives, derivation of "papoose," names of trees and rivers, and various anecdotes. Other individuals mentioned include Rev. Schulz, Butrick, Colonel Arent Schyler De Peyster, Captain Pipe, Vater, Hesse, Gambold, John Vaughan, Charles Thomson, Thomas Jefferson, Deborah Norris Logan, Mitchill, Daniel Drake, Abraham Steiner, Noah Webster du Ponceau's brother, etc. Heckewelder's letter to Wistar regarding the Naked Bear traditions was printed (except last paragraph) in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1: 363.
Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (Mss.497.3.H35o)
Culture:
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Date:1785-1799
Contributor:Muhlenberg, Henry
Subject:Botany | Linguistics | Pennsylvania--History
Type:Text
Genre:Notebooks
Extent:2 vols.
Description: The Muhlenberg family papers contains two items in the "Correspondence" section of the finding aid containing Lenape ("Delaware") vocabulary: item 19, Monographia plantarum Lancastriensis, consisting of descriptions of trees, shrubs, and plants, including local names in German, English, and Delaware; and item 19a, Samlungen von dem was ich aus dem Thierreich habe bemerken können, which includes definitions for Delaware Indian words, said to be taken from the Essay of a Delaware Indian and English Spelling Book, 1776.
Collection:Muhlenberg family papers, 1769-1866 (Mss.B.M891)
Culture:
Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:1816-1822
Subject:Linguistics | Iroquoian languages | Algonquian languages | Social life and customs | Moravians | Missions
Type:Text
Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence
Extent:2 reels
Description: These are eighteen letters that mostly concern Indian linguistics. Topics include Heckewelder's writings on the Indians; question of whether or not any of the Delaware can pronounce the letter "r"; and Zeisberger's Onondaga grammar and dictionary. From originals in possession of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
Collection:Peter Stephen Du Ponceau letters, 1816-1822, to John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder (Mss.Film.1162)
Culture:
Dena'ina includes: Tanaina
Date:1977
Contributor:Pete, Shem
Subject:Linguistics | Alaska--History
Type:Text
Genre:Stories | Translations
Extent:31 pages
Description: William Bright had a copy of Shem Pete's "Diqelas Tukda", an interlinear text with gloss and free translation, published by the Alaska Native Language Center (Series 1).
Collection:William O. Bright Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.142)
Culture:
Dene includes: Athabaskan, Athapascan, Athabascan, Athapaskan
Language:English
Date:Undated
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography
Type:Text
Genre:Notes
Extent:1 folder
Description: This folder, Section II(2E1), contains ten slips of miscellaneous reading notes labelled as Athapascan (Athabaskan).
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Tsuut'ina includes: Sarsi (pej.), Sarcee (pej.), Tsuu T'ina
Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho
Dene includes: Athabaskan, Athapascan, Athabascan, Athapaskan
Denesuline includes: Dënesųłiné, Chipewyan
Language:English
Date:1935; undated
Contributor:Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Hoijer, Harry, 1904-1976
Subject:Linguistics | Ethnography | Dene languages
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies
Extent:3 items
Description: Items relating to the study of Dene languages, including a letter from Sapir to Hoijer regarding comparative Athapascan linguistics and two items composed of Hoijer's notes and writings on the subject. One is his 27-page "Comparative Athapascan Affixes," including charts of comparative data taken from 33 Athapascan languages and dialects (with English glosses). The other consists of about 300 handwritten slips on Comparative Athapascan with comparative lexical data described as Sarsi, Chipewyan, and Navajo, alphabetically arranged, according to the English gloss.
Collection:Harry Hoijer Collection (Mss.497.3.H68)
Culture:
Dene includes: Athabaskan, Athapascan, Athabascan, Athapaskan
Language:English
Contributor:Pitkin, Harvey
Subject:Linguistics | Cartography
Type:Text
Genre:Maps
Description: The Dene material in the Harvey Pitkin Papers is limited to a hand-drawn map of language ranges for Athabasccan language groups in Subcollection II, Subseries 5.
Collection:Harvey Pitkin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.78)
Culture:
Dene Thá includes: Slave, Slavey
Language:French | Slavey, South
Contributor:Delroi, J., O.M.I.
Subject:Linguistics | Personal names
Type:Text
Genre:Dictionaries | Grammars
Extent:4 volumes on microfilm
Description: Dene Thá materials in the Collection of Canadian Indian linguistic materials include Dictionnaire francais-esclave. Negative in possession of Catholic University of America. Lists vowels, consonants, and French-Slave dictionary. Grammaire esclave, O.M.I. Negative in possession of Catholic University of America. A French grammar, organized by parts of speech. Petite grammaire esclave. Negative in possession of Catholic University of America. Part I: Verb Conjugations. Part II: Categories of Verbs. Dictionnaire de langue esclave. Negative in possession of Catholic University of America. French-Slave dictionary, with parts of verbs listed in parallel columns. Also, 2 pages of names of Slave bands near Fort Nelson and Fort Simpson. 10 pages of phrases.
Collection:Collection of Canadian Indian linguistic materials (Mss.Film.1008)