Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: There are many materials relating to Algonquian languages in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. This entry is intended as a catch-all for materials labeled as Algonquian or Macro-Algonquian, or having to do with several Algonquian languages in a general way. Researchers should also view the entries for specific Algonquian languages and culture groups. Algonquian materials are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II. In Subcollection I, there is relevant correspondence with Leonard Bloomfield (regarding an inscription on a silver bracelet; Bloomfield's "Menomini Grammar"), Charles Hockett (with questions about Voegelin's article on Delaware and examples from other Algonquian languages), and Morris Swadesh (including a brief Stockbridge vocabulary and a slip of Moravian Delaware) in Series I. Correspondence; 1 box of comparative Algonquian vocabulary and grammar in Series II. and several linguistic maps (i.e., "Algonquian language text with illustrations" and "Linguistic classification of the Southern New England Algonquians"), particularly of the Potawatomi, Delaware, and Shawnee, to accompany the texts of Voegelin's work on Algonquian languages, in Series VII. Photographs. In Subcollection II, there is relevant correspondence from Eric Hamp (to Ives Goddard regarding preparation of Arapaho and Algonquian works) and Frank Speck (to Edward Sapir regarding his work on Mi'kmaq and other northern Algonquian languages and societies) in Series I. Correspondence. There is also an entire subseries devoted to Macro-Algonquian: Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian of Series II. Research Notes. This subseries contains a grammatical sketch of Algonquian by Leonard Bloomfield (135 pages of typescript with handwritten edits and 7 interleaved pages of notes by Voegelin); another "Sketch of Algonquian" by Bloomfield consisting of a notebook (approx. 45 pages) and handwritten notes (approx. 80 pages); 5 folders of notebooks focusing on beginning sounds ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," and "Θ and ?"), drawing from Pacific Coast Algonquian ("PCA"), Fox [Meskwaki], Plains Cree, Menominee, and Ojibwe; 3 folders of other comparative Algonquian notebooks organized by general nouns, body parts, kinship terms, numerals, and verbs; miscellaneous Algonquian notes; and specimens of Central Algonquian, including short texts in Fox [Meskwaki], Ojibwe, Menominee, and Plains Cree, with English translations. The rest of the material in the Macro-Algonquian folder is organized according to specific languages: Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Fox (Meskwaki), Kutenai [Ktunaxa culture], Ojibwe, Penobscot, and Shawnee. Finally, there is an article titled "Some Observations on Algonquian Phonology" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries I: General works; an incomplete typed draft of Bloomfield's "Sketch of Algonquian" in Series IV. Works by Others; and a "Linguistic map of Southern New England" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries V: American Indian Languages.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Constructing Aspect in Plains Cree

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Language:Cree, Plains | English

Date:2005

Contributor:Armoskaite, Solveiga | Cardinal, Toni | Déchaine, Rose Marie | Muehlbauer, Jeffrey | Cook, Clare

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Sound recording

Genre:Elicitation sessions | Vocabularies

Extent:Born digital (10 hr., 23 min.) : DIGITIZED

Description: Recordings of elicitation sessions with Plains Cree speaker Toni Cardinal. (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)

Collection:Constructing Aspect in Plains Cree (Mss.Rec.275)

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Cree materials, ACLS collection

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Language:English | Cree, Plains

Date:1925; Circa 1935; 1948; 1949;

Type:Text

Genre:Abstracts | Autobiographies | Correspondence | Drawings | Stories

Extent:830 pages

Description: The Cree materials in the ACLS collection are Plains Cree materials predominantly from Saskatchewan and are located in the "Cree" section of the finding aid. "Plains Cree texts, "Series Two: Syllabary Texts from Sweet Grass Reserve"" (item A1.1) recorded by Harry Achenam of Sweetgrass Reserve (and previously attributed to Leonard Bloomfield), contains 67 unpublished stories written in Cree syllabics. The other primary materials are several items (64-68 and 70) by Edward Ahenakew, written in English, concerning his family's genealogy, methods for tanning leather and building canoes, accounts of medicine practices and conjuring, and stories of little people, Wetikoo (or Wihtigo, Windigo), and other non-human beings. Many of these stories were given by various consultants such as Chief Starblanket of Ahtahkakoop, Jerry Constant, James Moostoos, and Susan Moostoos.

Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)

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Cree materials, Frank Siebert Papers

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Date:1964-1987

Contributor:Ahenakew, Freda, 1932-2011 | Dahlstrom, Amy | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998 | Smith, James G. E. | Ellis, C. D. (Clarence Douglas), 1923-

Subject:Linguistics | Animals | Botany | Education

Type:Text | Sound recording

Genre:Vocabularies | Grammars | Notes

Description: The Cree materials in the Siebert papers are all related to the language, mostly within Series IV and mostly articles collected by Siebert. They include vocabulary and grammatical materials. There are also 34 tapes of instructional materials in Swampy Cree and Moose Cree, in Series XII, which accompanied "Spoken Cree, west coast of James Bay" by C. Douglas Ellis (not digitized).

Collection:Frank Siebert Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.97)

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Cree materials, Phillips Fund Collection

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Language:Cree, Plains | English

Date:1967-1968, 1971, 1983, 1992-1994

Subject:Folklore | Linguistics | Saskatchewan--History

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Reports | Stories

Extent:592 pages

Description: The Cree materials in the Phillips Fund collection consist of 5 items. Materials in this collection are listed alphabetically by last name of author. See materials listed under Armoskaite, Blain, Powers, and Wolfart.

Collection:Phillips Fund for Native American Research Collection (Mss.497.3.Am4)

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John Kirk Townsend Indian vocabularies collection

Culture:

Walla Walla includes: Waluulapam, Natítayt

Tlingit includes: Lingit, Łingit, Tlinkit

Syilx includes: Okanagan, Okanogan

Secwépemc includes: Shuswap

Squamish includes: Sḵwx̱wú7mesh, Sko-ko-mish

Nisga'a includes: Nass, Nisgha, Nishga, Nishka, Niska, Nisqa'a

Nuxalk includes: Bella Coola, Bellacoola

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu

Klallam includes: Clallam, S'Klallam, nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əm

Klickitat includes: Klikitat

Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa

Haida includes: X̱aayda, X̱aadas, X̱aad, X̱aat

Heiltsuk includes: Bella Bella, Haíɫzaqv

Kalapuya

Cayuse includes: Liksiyu, Natítayt

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Dakelh includes: Carrier, ᑕᗸᒡ

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Date:1834-1836

Type:Text

Genre:Notebooks

Extent:2 volumes

Description: This collection contains two manuscript volumes collected by the naturalist John Kirk Townsend, obtained by dictation from native speakers, people of mixed ancestry, and traders of the Hudson's Bay Company. The first volume contains a collection of multiple comparative vocabulary lists of languages of modern-day Washington, Idaho, Oregon, British Columbia, and Alaska, obtained by dictation from native speakers, people of mixed ancestry, and traders of the Hudson's Bay Company. Languages included are: "Okanagan" (N̓səl̓xcin), "Attnaha" or "Shoushwap" (Secwepemctsin), "Walla Walla (Sahaptin), "Squalyamish" (Squamish / Sḵwx̱wú7mesh ?), "Nooselalum" (Klallam / nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əm), "Haeeltzuk" (Heiltsuk), "Billichoola" (Nuxalk), "Nass" (Nisga'a), "Haidah" (Haida), "Tongaase" (Tlingit, possibly inland variety), Nez Perce, Chinook [Jargon], "Carrier or Takelhé" (Dakelh), "Kayouse" (Cayuse), and "Kootenai" (Ktunaxa). The second volume is a collection of vocabulary lists of 19 Indigenous languages, primarily of the Pacific Northwest, re-copied from earlier notes in an orderly fashion with an index and additional introductory information on the area where each language is spoken and the source of the vocabulary. 15 of the vocabularies are re-copied out from the first volume in this collection. This volume includes the languages listed for that volume, plus Cree (possibly Plains Cree), "Kalapooyah" (Kalapuya), Klikatat (Sahaptin or Yakama), and "Seauteux" (Western Ojibwa/Ojibwe).

Collection:John Kirk Townsend Indian vocabularies collection (Mss.497.3.T66)

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Michif materials, Phillips Fund Collection

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Language:Cree, Plains | English | French | Michif

Date:1983

Contributor:Weston, Lori Orser

Subject:Linguistics | North Dakota--History

Type:Text

Genre:Reports

Extent:18 pages

Description: The MIchif materials in the Phillips Fund collection consist of 1 item. Materials in this collection are listed alphabetically by last name of author. See materials listed under Weston: Report on fieldwork on the Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation, North Dakota, with the aim of identifying when Michif emerged as a mix language from French and Plains Cree, comparing Cree and Michif verbs, establish its status as a mixed language, and conduct documentation, including texts. Sample worksheets and data are provided.

Collection:Phillips Fund for Native American Research Collection (Mss.497.3.Am4)

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Ojibwe and Cree materials, Daythal L. Kendall Papers

Culture:

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Omushkego includes: Cree, Swampy, Mushkegowuk, Omushkigowack

Naskapi includes: ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, Iyiyiw, Skoffie

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Date:1970s

Subject:Linguistics | Language study and teaching | Manitoba--History | Quebec--History

Type:Text | Sound recording

Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies | Stories

Extent:1.5 linear feet; audio

Description: After finishing his PhD, Daythal Kendall accepting a position at Brandon University, Manitoba to teach local varieties of Cree and Ojibwe, as a temporary replacement for Paul Voorhis. He therefore possessed a large number of Paul Voorhis' Cree publications (Series 5), and during this time produced a large volume of lessons to teach Canadian Aboriginal syllabics. These are in various forms in Series 3, including students' exercises. There is also correspondence relating to this period with Paul Voorhis and Katherine Merriam, as well as a separate conversation relating to American Philosophical Society materials (Series 1). Series 11 contains numerous audio recordings in several Ojibwe and Cree languages, including stories (some unidentified) and langauge exercises.

Collection:Daythal L. Kendall Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.148)

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Plains Cree materials, Maureen Matthews Papers

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Language:Cree, Plains | English

Date:1994-1999, 2009

Contributor:Cuthand, Stan | Matthews, Maureen Anne, 1949- | McLeod, Neal

Type:Sound recording | Text

Genre:Conversations | Interviews | Radio programs | Stories

Extent:20+ hours

Description: Audio recordings of interviews with Cree people on topics including Cree language, history, horses, wihtigo, thunderbirds, and other topics. The bulk of the interviews are with Stan Cuthand and Neal McLeod. The majority of the audio materials are interviews recorded in the context of producing radio documentaries for CBC Radio One from the early 1990s through late 2000s. (See Series I, Subseries 12 for the broadcast version of these documentaries.) Transcripts for both the finished documentaries are located in Series II.

Collection:Maureen Matthews Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.164)

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Plains Cree notebooks collection

Culture:

Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri

Language:English | Cree, Plains

Date:1925-1926

Contributor:Achenam, Harry | Achenam, Maggie | Bloomfield, Leonard, 1887-1949

Subject:Linguistics | Saskatchewan--History

Type:Text

Genre:Stories | Notebooks | Vocabularies

Extent:11 folders

Description: Plains Cree language field notebooks and loose notes from Sweetgrass Reserve and Starblanket Reserve (or Ahtahkakoop), Saskatchewan. The first 10 notebooks (approximately 160 pages each) appear to be in Bloomfield's hand primarily contain texts, with some word lists, in romanized Plains Cree orthography, almost entirely untranslated. A final notebook and loose notes contain 26 texts (numbered 83-108) written in Cree syllabic script by Harry Achenam, with one (#108) written or dictated by Maggie Achenam. The loose notes also contain at least 1 brief text (5 p.) in Cree syllabic script written by "Askiy-kā-pimuhtātahk (Pimutat)" of Starblanket Reserve. These texts were intended as part of a sequel to Bloomfield's Plains Cree TextsPlains Cree Texts (1934), but were never published.

Collection:Plains Cree notebooks collection (Mss.497.3.B62c)