Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Onondaga materials, William N. Fenton papers

Culture:

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Date:1891-1901, 1908, 1936-1949, 1951-1952, 1968-1971, 1986, 1992, 1995

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Essays | Field notes | Speeches

Extent:.5 linear feet

Description: The Onondaga materials in the Fenton papers include multiple correspondents in Series I, such as Onondaga Nation, Howard Skye, and James Skye. In Series III, see ""Concerning the League: a motif analysis of the Gibson-Goldenweiser version of the Deganawidah Epic," "The Funeral of Tadodaho: Onondaga of Today," and "Sir William Johnson Carries the Ritual of Condolence over the Path to Onondaga, 1756." In Series IV, see articles by Bradley, Kurath, and Woodbury. Series VI includes "Onondaga Longhouse Food Spirit Festival." Series VIII-A, Series VIII-B, and Series VIII-F, include several folders of Onondaga-related materials. Some of these materials are restricted due to cultural sensitivity concerns.

Collection:William N. Fenton papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.20)

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Oral interviews with Chief Jacob Thomas

Culture:

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:Cayuga | English

Date:November 18, 1997

Contributor:Parmenter, Jon W. | Thomas, Jacob E.

Subject:New York (State)--History | Ontario--History | Politics and government | Rites and ceremonies | Social life and customs

Type:Sound recording

Genre:Autobiographies | Interviews | Stories

Extent:4 sound tape reels (3 hr., 2 min.) : DIGITIZED

Description: Interview with Chief Jacob Thomas, condoled Cayuga elder of the Sandpiper Clan, conducted by Jon W. Parmenter at his home in Ohsweken, Ontario. Includes extensive discussion of the formation of the Iroquois League, oral tradition on the Iroquois condolence ceremony, processes of consensual decision-making, and the structure and workings of the Iroquois Confederacy, as well as discussion of his personal life experiences, and his involvement in contemporary political issues. (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)

Collection:Oral interviews with Chief Jacob Thomas (Mss.Rec.251)

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Papers on Iroquois personal names, 1914

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Date:1914

Contributor:Beauchamp, William Martin, 1830-1925

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Notes | Essays

Extent:1 reel

Description: Collected by William Martin Beauchamp, an Episcopal clergyman, in 1909, these names were taken from treaties, delegations, and other documents and are often accompanied by English translations as well as biographical information. Includes "Sketches of Onondagas of Note," "Names given to whites," and "Names of Iroquois, exclusive of Onondagas." Originals at the Onondaga Historical Association, Syracuse Public Library, Syracuse, NY.

Collection:Papers on Iroquois personal names, 1914 (Mss.Film.643)

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Pennsylvania Indians materials, United States. Work Projects Administration (Pa.) Reports, 1918-1948

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1886-1948

Subject:Antiquities | Archaeology | Mounds | Pennsylvania--History

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:25 items

Description: Materials relating to archaeological sites in Pennsylvania, many excavated through the Works Progress Administration. Includes site reports, site notes, photographs, photograph albums, maps, geological surveys, drawings, blueprints, news clippings, article and manuscript drafts, and other materials pertaining to sites throughout Pennsylvania. Sites mentioned include the 28th Street site and Wesleyville site (Erie County), the Guyasutha Mound (Allegheny County), Sugar Run sites, Phillips, Fort Hill, and Martin sites, Book Mound (Tuscarora Creek, Juniata County), Clemson's Mound (Susquehanna River, Dauphin County), Brock Village site (Muncy Creek Township), Nelson Mound, Williams Mound, the Sick site (South Towanda, Bradford County), Spartansburg Mound, McKees Rock Mound, and Crall Mound (Washington County). Drafted or completed manuscripts include Fisher's "Southwest Pennsylvania Materials," Cresson's "Archaeological survey of Somerset County, Pennsylvania," Gilmore's "Identification of faunal remains from southwestern Pennsylvania archaeological sites...and report...of animal remains," Schoff's "McFate site report on archaeological excavations," Stewart's "Skeletal remains from Fayette and Somerset counties, Pennsylvania," and Cadzow's "Archaeological explorations in western Pennsylvania," and Augustine and Butler's "Miscellaneous reports on Johnson, Miller, Jacobs, Hooks Run, Logan, Jimerson sites," a survey of northwestern Pennsylvania sites on Seneca-owned property in Warren County. Among the archaeological cultures and aspects mentioned are Adena, Hopewell (or Hopewellian), Woodlands culture, Monongahela aspect, Owasco, Point Peninsula aspect, and Algonquian.

Collection:United States. Work Projects Administration (Pa.) Reports, 1918-1948 (Mss.913.748.Un3)

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Pennsylvania Indians materials, Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection

Culture:

Susquehannock includes: Conestoga

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:October 22, 1730; November 8, 1755; July 20, 1758; 1759; February 4, 1764; August 9, 1766; February 9, 1769; February 10, 1769; October 23, 1784; March 2, 1787; 1951;

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence

Extent:12 items

Description: Materials can be found in the finding aid under the specific dates listed. Mostly eighteenth-century correspondence regarding Pennsylvania Indian affairs. Topics include purchasing Indian lands; surveying Indian lands, including those acquired through the Treaty of Fort Stanwix; surveying Proprietary lands without offending Native neigbhors; settling boundaries with Native neighbors; colonists taken captive during Seven Years' War era; the Paxton Boys' rebellion, massacre at Susquehannock, and the killing of Susquehannock refugees; a 1759 list of Native groups clothed at Pittsburgh, with information about where they reside and hunt; and diplomacy (i.e., trying to secure Native allies) during Seven Years' War era. Also Witthoft's 1951 "The Pemberton Family Cemetary," containing a narrative of the excavation of cemetery at Pennsbury with burials of Pemberton family, 1683-1802 as well as a murdered Indian (before 1705) and white pauper of later date. Individuals mentioned include Scarroyady, Isaac Pemberton, Joseph Shippen, and David the Indian.

Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)

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Pennsylvania Indians materials, Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Susquehannock includes: Conestoga

Shawnee

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Nanticoke

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:1700-1757; ca 1815

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Depositions | Instructions | Copybooks | Notes

Extent:40 items

Description: Correspondence and other materials regarding Pennsylvania Indian affairs. Topics include Pennsylvania's relations with Native peoples; hostilities between Native groups and colonists in the backcountry; diplomatic overtures and councils between Native and colonial leaders; the fur trade; land claims and disputes; legal and illegal surveying of Indian lands; the Lancaster Treaty of 1744; copper mine opened by Governor Keith; anxieties about French influence over Indians and conflict with French over fur trade; role of gifts and payments for Indians; Indian roads; Virginians' desires to expand west; Native religious beliefs and morality; Count Zinzendorf's mission; the imprisonment and escape of Thomas McKee. Other individuals mentioned include Peter Bizaillon, Letitia Penn. Caxagan, Edward Shippen.

Collection:Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan, 1699-1750 (Mss.B.L82)

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Pennsylvania Indians materials, Edward Shippen letters and papers

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1753-1770

Contributor:Shippen, Edward, approximately 1703-1781 | Shippen, Joseph, 1732-1810 | Hunter, Samuel, 1732-1784

Subject:Pennsylvania--History | United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence

Extent:15 items

Description: Correspondence, mostly between Edward and Joseph Shippen but also involving other prominent Pennsylvanians such as John Penn, Governor Robert Hunter Morris, Governor James Hamilton, and others, regarding Indian affairs in the colony. Rumors of attacks, the killings of Native individuals, the aftermath of the Paxton Boys' massacre of the Conostogas, the Frederick Stump murders, the Treaty of Fort Stanwix, the drawing of the Pennsylvania-Maryland line, and trade are among the subjects mentioned. Individuals mentioned include Andrew Montour, George Croghan, Monakatookah, John Shekalamy, John Petty, Connoy, John Mohickon, William Peters, and Frederick Stump.

Collection:Edward Shippen letters and papers (Mss.B.Sh62)

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Pennsylvania. Provincial Council. Minutes, 1693-1717

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:May 19, 1712

Contributor:Pennsylvania. Provincial Council

Subject:Pennsylvania--History | Treaties | Wampum

Type:Text

Genre:Government documents | Minutes

Extent:5 pages

Description: The Pennsylvania Provincial Council Minutes run from 1693 to 1717 and consist of approximately 520 pages of documents. Of note within them is a 5-page manuscript from May 19, 1712, when Delaware (Lenape) chief Sassoonan and 12 members of his nation carried 32 wampum belts to a meeting with the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois Confederacy). They stopped in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and showed the belts to the British colony’s Provincial Council. This document shows their drawings of each belt’s design and an account of their meaning. This document has been digitized and can be viewed in the collection's finding aid. Some parts of the rest of the minutes may contain other information relating to indigenous peoples. The minutes for 1700-1712 were printed in Hazard's "Register of Pennsylvania" 6 (1830).

Collection:Pennsylvania. Provincial Council. Minutes, 1693-1717 (Mss.974.8.P378)

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Penobscot materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Zuni includes: A:shiwi

Wolastoqiyik includes: Wəlastəkwewiyik, Malecite, Maliseet

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki

Penobscot

Passamaquoddy includes: Peskotomuhkati

Mohegan

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Navajo includes: Diné, Navaho

Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Abenaki includes: Abnaki

Language:English | Abenaki, Eastern

Date:1908-1947

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:27 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Penobscot language, history, and culture, and his preparation of his book Penobscot Man. This includes several folders of Speck's field notes, notes organized around specific topics (including data not used in Speck's published works), copies and drafts of lectures and essays, correspondence, etc. Topics include Penobscot social organization, calendar system, house furnishings, hunting morality, animal lore, religion, art, sayings, alphabet, counting and measuring, canoe-making, face-painting, texts with interlineal translations, and "Bird Lore of the Northern Indians" (a faculty public lecture at the University of Pennsylvania). Additionally, significant correspondence concerns the preparation, expenses, dissemination, and reception of his Penobscot publications. Other topics of correspondence include Ethel Gandy's monograph on Penobscot art; names of chiefs and their clans; "clown" performances outside of the southwest among the Penobscot, Iroquois [Haudenosaunee], Abenaki, and Delaware; place names; the relationship of Penobscot-Mohegan and Mahican; a comparison of Zuni-Navajo and Red Paint; Tutelo. There is a particularly large folder of Speck's miscellaneous Penobscot notes containing both a variety of notes and correspondence from Penobscot consultants as well as non-Native colleagues. These include letters from Roland E. Nelson (Needahbeh, Penobscot) concerning drum for exhibit; letters from Nelson, Franz Boas, John M. Cooper, William B. Goodwin, E. V. McCollum, and J. Dyneley Prince, all concerning Penobscot Man; Clifford P. Wilson concerning moosehair embroidery; Edward Reman concerning Norse influence on Penobscot; Carrie A. Lyford concerning moose-wool controversy and Ann Stimson's report; Ann Stimson, letter of thanks; Henry Noyes Otis concerning genealogy of Indians named Sias on Cape Cod (Speck marked this Penobscot); Princess Pretty Woman (Passamaquoddy) concerning her dress (apparently at the Penn Museum); Dorothy Ranco (Penobscot) concerning Princess Pretty Woman's dress; Roland W. Mann, concerning site of Indian occupancy according to Penobscot tradition; Ryuzo Torii, letter of introduction. Other miscellaneous items include a 5-page transcript of agreements between Indians of Nova Scotia and the English, August 15, 1749; 2 pages, transcript of agreement of July 13, 1727 (letter of transmittal, Lloyd Price to Miss MacDonald, September 24, 1936); Ann K. Stimson, Moose Wool and Climbing Powers of the American Mink; miscellaneous field notes on topics like songs, kinship, totem, medicine, and social units; and 4 pages of Penobscot words and their cultural use.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Peter Stephen Du Ponceau letters, 1801-1843, to Albert Gallatin

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Shawnee

San Felipe includes: Katishtya, Keres

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Otomi includes: Hñahñu, Ñuhu, Ñhato, Ñuhmu

Powhatan

Nottoway includes: Cheroenhaka

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Natchez

Ho-Chunk includes: Winnebago, Hoocąk

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Dakota includes: Dakȟóta

Language:English

Date:1801-1843

Contributor:Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Gallatin, Albert, 1761-1849

Subject:Linguistics | Philology

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence

Extent:33 items

Description: Correspondence, largely from Peter S. du Ponceau to Albert Gallatin, regarding legal and political matters, Indian languages and linguistics, philological matters, and the American Philosophical Society. Specific topics include exchanges of publications and manuscripts between the two men; the creation of a map of Indian languages; the government's collecting of Indian vocabularies and du Ponceau's refusal to supply Historical and Literary Committee material to the government, believing that the committee rather than the government should undertake the collection and publication of Indian materials; methods of seeking data on languages, and the difficulties of sentence for testing problems of comparative Vocabularies;s both already published and in progess, such as Eliot's Grammar, Barton (1797), Pickering (1820), Hodgson on the Berber, Najera (1837), Zeisberger (1830), Gallatin (1836), Prichard (1813), several of du Ponceau's works, etc.; du Ponceau's acceptance of copies of Gallatin's Synopsis, with a jab at its Worcester (rather than APS) the fate of the manuscript for du Ponceau's prize essay: the printer bankrupt, difficulties in getting manuscript returned, and du Ponceau has no full copy; of du Ponceau's study of Chinese;s and the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee; du Ponceau's acceptance of vocabularies on behalf of the the state of European linguistics; Pickering's alphabet for Indian languages; Carib women's vs. men's the opposition founding of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, and du Ponceau's efforts to make peace by submitting his translation of Vater's Enquiry for them to publish; illnesses and deaths in du Ponceau's family; and du Ponceau's age, health, and failing eyesight. Other individuals mentioned include Franklin, Rush, Rittenhouse, Jefferson, Cass, Schoolcraft, Long, Ebeling, Adelung, Klaproth, Balbi, Humboldt, Volney, and Heckewelder. Originals at the New York Historical Society.

Collection:Peter Stephen Du Ponceau letters, 1801-1843, to Albert Gallatin (Mss.Film.541)