Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

Description: This manuscript is an alphabetical list of about 6200 Iroquoian names, collected over 5 decades by Charles Cooke (Thawennensere), a Mohawk scholar from Wahta. Each entry includes the name in its Mohawk rendering, with phonetic spelling, gender, tribe, location, date, and clan. The name is then analyzed by radicals, with historical information about its bearer (where relevant). Cross reference to variants and from English names of Indians. Preface by Cooke, edited by C. Marius Barbeau, classifies names and gives numbers and sex. See also an accompanying audio collection (Mss.Rec.10), listed separately in this guide, in which Cooke reads the majority of the names. (Note: this item is currently restricted as potentially culturally sensitive pending further review. Reproduction is restricted.)

Collection:Iroquois personal names (Mss.497.3.C772)

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John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and manuscripts

Culture:

Shawnee

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Nanticoke

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | German

Date:1741-1822

Contributor:Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823 | Ettwein, John, 1721-1802 | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808 | Loskiel, George Henry, 1740-1814

Type:Text

Extent:1 reel

Description: Materials from the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. These papers include letters, reports, and journals relating to Indians, Moravian missions, and communities at Salem (N.C.), Bethlehem (Pa.), and Gnadenhütten, Muskingum, and Fairfield in Upper Canada. Also included are personal correspondence and an autobiography. Contains 86 letters, journals, reports, etc., pertaining to the travels and missionary activities of Heckewelder, mostly in German. Also includes 7 journals, memoranda, and miscellaneous materials of David Zeisberger, pertaining to his years with Indians. Many of the former materials were utilized and published by Paul A. W. Wallace (1958); the latter includes Zeisberger's Memoranda on Indians; Journey to the Six Nations (Haudenosaunee), Nanticokes and Shawanees (Shawnee) in April, 1752, to July, 1752; Conrad Weiser, Observations made on the pamphlet entitled "An enquiry ... [1759]"; Birth records for the 1780s at Friedenshutten and Gnadenhütten; Catalogue of Indians baptized by the United Brethren, 1765-1814 (721 names); and a memorandum of Zeisberger on the Onondaga.

Collection:John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters and manuscripts (Mss.Film.514)

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John McKesson papers, 1714-1791, pertaining to Indian affairs

Culture:

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:1714-1791, bulk 1778-1791

Contributor:McKesson, John, 1734-1798 | Knox, Henry, 1750-1806 | Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Correspondence | Reports

Extent:1 reel

Description: These papers include correspondence and reports of proceedings concerning Indian affairs. Miscellaneous materials, mostly 1778-1791, of Timothy Pickering, Henry Knox, William Hardenburgh, John Taylor and others. Includes 94 pages, account of a meeting of New York Governor Clinton with Onondaga and Cayuga deputies at Fort Stanwix, New York in June of 1790, and 47 pages of miscellaneous material. From originals at the New York Historical Society.

Collection:John McKesson papers, 1714-1791, pertaining to Indian affairs (Mss.Film.641)

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Journal, 1760, of the great council of the different Indian nations

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Shawnee

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Mingo

Nanticoke

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1760

Contributor:Post, Christian Frederick, 1710?-1785 | Hays, John, 1729 or 1730-1796 | Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Journals | Travel narratives

Extent:1 reel

Description: Christian Frederick Post was a Moravian missionary and observer of Native peoples and cultures; he was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1768. This journal of Post's, who was in the company of fellow colonist John Hays and Delaware leader Teedyuscung (and also mentions Delawares Isaac Still and Moses Tattamy), relates to Post's mission as a representative of the Governor and Council of Pennsylvania to the Ohio Valley Indians and the conference held near the Ohio River in 1760. Copy in clerk's hand. Concerning message carried to Mingos (Haudenosaunee, in the Ohio Valley) and other Ohio Indians, return of colonists taken captive during the Seven Years' War, and other happenings on the journey. Includes description of conjuring ceremony. This is a microfilm of an original in possession of Mrs. Henry P. Gummere.

Collection:Journal, 1760, of the great council of the different Indian nations (Mss.Film.204)

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Journal of the operations of the American War

Culture:

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1778

Contributor:Sullivan, Thomas, 1755-

Type:Text

Genre:Journals

Extent:422 pages

Description: A firsthand narrative of the early years of the American Revolution written by Thomas Sullivan, an Irish-born sergeant serving with the British 49th Regiment of Foot. Sullivan describes the events from his arrival in North America just prior to the Battle of Bunker Hill through his participation in the Long Island, Philadelphia, and New Jersey Campaigns. Sullivan's journal is written in a meticulous hand and may originally have been intended for publication. It does not appear to have seen print, however, until extracts appeared in the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography in 1910. In 1997, the complete journal, edited by Joseph Lee Boyle, was published by Heritage Books. Among the engagements described are Bunker Hill, Long Island, White Plains, Brandywine, Germantown, and Red Bank, but he reports as well on events that he did not personally witness, drawing liberally upon published sources to fill out his narrative. The "diary" ends abruptly with the entry for July 28, 1778. In terms of Native American content, Sullivan describes Indians acting as scouts and Indian military aid in the battle of Germantown and with Burgoyne near Ticonderoga, 1777.

Collection:Journal of the operations of the American War (Mss.973.3.Su5)

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Lenape materials, American Philosophical Society Archives

Culture:

Yuchi includes: Euchee

Taíno includes: Arawak

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Mohican includes: Mahican, Muhhekunneuw

Munsee

Natchez

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Lokono includes: Arawak

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Delaware | Onondaga | Munsee

Date:1800-1893

Subject:Linguistics | Missions | Pennsylvania--History | Place names

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Memoranda | Vocabularies

Extent:21 items

Description: Items relating to Lenape materials at the American Philosophical Society, generally referred to as "Delaware" in the original materials. Topics include requests for materials (a loan of a map of the "Indian Walk," or Walking Purchase, 1737; the Society of the United Brethren for Propagating the Gospel Among the Heathens wants the return of documents deposited by the Brethren for Heckewelder as listed in the Transactions of the Historical and Literary Committee of the American Philosophical Society 1); requests for information (on David Zeisberger as a missionary to the Indians); of materials (Zeisberger's Delaware grammar; John G. E. Heckewelder's paper on Personal names; Heckewelder's edits in case of a second edition of his Account of the Indian nations (1819)); donated materials (Roth's "Life of Christ" in Delaware, #1176; a French translation of Heckewelder's account done by Chevalier John Du Ponceau; materials from Heckwelder himself; documents relating to the Paxton boys from Samuel Fisher; authentic extracts of official Swedish papers relative to their settlements in America as well as translations of extracts of Acrelius (1759)); Heckewelder's Delaware grammar and work in general; a list of botanical names with equivalents in Delaware, Onondaga, and occasionally Munsee; Matthew S. Henry's work on a dictionary of Place names (#1164) and his comparison of Heckwelder and Rev. Jesse Vogler; and Peter S. du Ponceau's own work on Native languages (mentions Delaware, Arawak, Natchez, Yuchi, Ojibwe, and Mahican) and his work for the APS. Other individuals mentioned include Robert M. Patterson, Zaccheus Collins, Mathew Carey, Daniel G. Brinton, Sir William Johnson, Severin Lorich, Charles Pickering, Samuel S. Haldeman, Rev. der Schweinitz, Usher Parsons, and John Vaughan.

Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)

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Lenape materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Shawnee

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Munsee

Nanticoke

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Abenaki includes: Abnaki

Language:English | Delaware

Date:1895-1948

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:57 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Lenape (or "Delaware") history, language, and culture. Speck's correspondence with Delaware collaborators in Oklahoma relating to Lenape history, ethnographic data, linguistics, museum specimens, and reservation affairs, etc., might be of particular interest; there are also several tales related by Witapanóxwe, or War Eagle, other tales and texts (some with interlineal translation) from Josiah Montour and other unknown contributors, and 11 sketches of Lenape art designs. Other correspondence touches on Speck's efforts to collect specimens (and individuals and institutions interested in acquiring them), his efforts to collect paintings and sketches of ceremonies and designs, his fieldwork and expenses, financial support from the University of Pennsylvania and Indiana Historical Society, Shawnee data on Oklahoma Delawares, the Big House Ceremony, efforts to acquire a Delaware Big House to erect in Harrisburg, Delawares-as-women, etc. There are also at least 82 pages (in three folders) of Speck's field notes of ethnographic and linguistic data, and over 50 pages (in two folders) of Speck's miscellaneous notes (including some correspondence) on topics such as Gladys Tantaquidgeon and Lenape designs, botanical specimens, linguistic materials, museum specimens, the Walam Olum, the "Six Nation Delaware reservation", the celestial bear theme, native religion, reviews of Speck's publications, etc. Other notes cover Delaware grammar and vocabulary, Delaware clans and social organization, dualism in Delaware religion, the influence of Christianity on Delaware religion, the provenance of Delaware museum specimens obtained from Delawares in Oklahoma and Canada, biographical information on Joseph Montur and Nicodemus Peters, etc. There are also various drafts, essays, lectures and other writings by Speck on topics such as Delaware religion, ceremonies, peyote rites, designs, population, remnant populations in the east, history, place names, a Delaware bibliography and a notebook of reports to the University of Pennsylvania Research Committee on fieldwork among Oklahoma Delaware, St. Francis Abenaki, Munsee and Six Nations (Haudenosaunee) Delaware, Tutelo, Cayuga, 1931-1936.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Lenape materials, Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection

Culture:

Shawnee

Piscataway includes: Conoy

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Nanticoke

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | French | Delaware | Munsee

Date:October 3, 1738; April 1756; March 10, 1778; January 13, 1788; March 4, 1856

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Minutes | Speeches | Reports

Extent:10 items

Description: Relevant materials can be found in the finding aid under the specific dates listed. Materials include information relations with the colony of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania's Indian affairs more generally, particularly Quaker involvement, embassies to Wyoming (PA) and elsewhere, and gifts for Indians; Indian relations with the federal government of the United States; Delaware materials in the Moravian Archives at Bethlehem and elsewhere; review of Du Ponceau's Delaware Grammar in Revue Encyclopedique; Place names; Heckewelder's Account of the Indian nations; Harrison's 1803 treaty with the Delawares and other Indians at Fort Wayne; Indian settlements in Ohio, and the difficulty of Christian Indians; a Delaware spelling book with vocabularies. Other individuals mentioned include Nookamis, "Sandusky Indian," Ettwein, Zeisberger, and Paul A.W. Wallace.

Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)

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Letters and documents relating to the government service of Jasper Parrish among the Indians of New York state, 1790-1831

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1940

Contributor:Parish, Jasper, 1767-1836 | Newton, Dorothy May Fairbank | Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829

Type:Text

Extent:1 reel

Description: "Letters and documents relating to the government service of Jasper Parrish among the Indians of New York State," compiled and edited by Mrs. Dorothy May Fairbanks Newton, 1940. This Vassar College student thesis contains text written by Newton, transcriptions of letters to and from Parrish [aka Parish, an Indian agent and interpreter] and other documents, and 54 letters and 5 maps pertaining to Indian affairs in New York State. Newton used primary documents found in Vassar College's Jasper Parrish Papers Collection. Originals of both thesis and the primary documents it is based on are at Vassar College.

Collection:Letters and documents relating to the government service of Jasper Parrish among the Indians of New York state, 1790-1831 (Mss.Film.650)