Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Lenape materials, C. F. Voegelin Papers

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Date:circa 1925-1967

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:48 folders, 5 boxes

Description: The C. F. Voegelin Papers contain correspondence, card files, notes, notebooks, texts, translations, drafts, articles, maps, and other linguistic and ethnographic materials relating to Delaware (Lenape) language and culture. Many of these items pertain to Voegelin's "Walam Olum or Red Score: The Migration Legend of the Lenni Lenape or Delaware Indians," published by the Indiana Historical Society in 1954. Such materials are located in primarily in Subcollection I. There is relevant correspondence with Charles Hockett (with questions about Voegelin's article on Delaware and examples from other Algonquian languages), Eli Lilly (regarding various aspects of the Walam Olum, its interpretation and publication), Kenneth E. Pearson (regarding use of Delaware language in Boy Scout ceremonies), John N. Seaman (regarding language consultant Willy Longbone), Frank Siebert (regarding Walam Olum, Munsee materials, language consultants Willy Longbone, Nicodemus Peters, and Nicholas Powless), Morris Swadesh (including a brief Stockbridge vocabulary and a slip of Moravian Delaware), and John Witthoft (regarding Walam Olum) in Series I. Correspondence. Delaware materials also include 5 boxes of card files and 5 folders of document files (primarily vocabulary and linguistic notes, and including 1 box and 1 folder relating to specifically to Munsee and 1 box and 1 folder of Walam Olum vocabulary keyed to the Rafinesque translation) in Series II. 7 folders pertaining to Voegelin's work on the Walam Olum in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III-A: Works Translated by Voegelin; a folder on Delaware grammar in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries III-B: Works Authored by Voegelin; 3 articles on the Walam Olum by Constantine Rafinesque, Daniel G. Brinton, and Frank Speck in Series IV. Works by Others; 2 folders on Delaware and 1 on Delaware-Munsee (containing Vocabularies, notes, texts, translations, and various typed works by the Group for Delaware at the Linguistic Institute over multiple summers) in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-A: Language Notes; 18 folders of unbound texts in Series V. Research Notes, Subseries V-B: Text; Delaware materials in Blackfoot Folder #2 and Ojibwe Folder #24 in Series VI. Notebooks; an ink map of Delaware locations created for Voegelin's published translation of the Walam Olum in Series VII. Photographs; and a folder related to Voegelin's translation of the Walam Olum in the Oversized files.

Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)

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Lenape materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Tutelo includes: Yesan

Shawnee

Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks

Nanticoke

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Munsee

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Abenaki includes: Abnaki

Language:English | Delaware

Date:1895-1948

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:57 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Lenape (or "Delaware") history, language, and culture. Speck's correspondence with Delaware collaborators in Oklahoma relating to Lenape history, ethnographic data, linguistics, museum specimens, and reservation affairs, etc., might be of particular interest; there are also several tales related by Witapanóxwe, or War Eagle, other tales and texts (some with interlineal translation) from Josiah Montour and other unknown contributors, and 11 sketches of Lenape art designs. Other correspondence touches on Speck's efforts to collect specimens (and individuals and institutions interested in acquiring them), his efforts to collect paintings and sketches of ceremonies and designs, his fieldwork and expenses, financial support from the University of Pennsylvania and Indiana Historical Society, Shawnee data on Oklahoma Delawares, the Big House Ceremony, efforts to acquire a Delaware Big House to erect in Harrisburg, Delawares-as-women, etc. There are also at least 82 pages (in three folders) of Speck's field notes of ethnographic and linguistic data, and over 50 pages (in two folders) of Speck's miscellaneous notes (including some correspondence) on topics such as Gladys Tantaquidgeon and Lenape designs, botanical specimens, linguistic materials, museum specimens, the Walam Olum, the "Six Nation Delaware reservation", the celestial bear theme, native religion, reviews of Speck's publications, etc. Other notes cover Delaware grammar and vocabulary, Delaware clans and social organization, dualism in Delaware religion, the influence of Christianity on Delaware religion, the provenance of Delaware museum specimens obtained from Delawares in Oklahoma and Canada, biographical information on Joseph Montur and Nicodemus Peters, etc. There are also various drafts, essays, lectures and other writings by Speck on topics such as Delaware religion, ceremonies, peyote rites, designs, population, remnant populations in the east, history, place names, a Delaware bibliography and a notebook of reports to the University of Pennsylvania Research Committee on fieldwork among Oklahoma Delaware, St. Francis Abenaki, Munsee and Six Nations (Haudenosaunee) Delaware, Tutelo, Cayuga, 1931-1936.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Lenape materials in Timothy Horsfeld Papers

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:English

Date:1755-1763

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence

Extent:48 letters

Description: Correspondence during the Seven Years' War (1754-1763) regarding the Treaty of Easton, with particular attention to Teedyuscung and the Moravian Indians. One letter from Timothy Horsfled to Benjamin Franklin regards how Indians with smallpox were treated.

Collection:Timothy Horsfield Papers (974.8 H78) Section 2 (Mss.974.8.H78)

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Lenape materials, Mary R. Haas Papers

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:Unami | Munsee | English | Delaware

Date:ca.1930s-1978

Contributor:Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Longbone, Willie | Goddard, Ives, 1941- | Miller, Wick R.

Subject:Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Vocabularies | Correspondence | Field notes | Notebooks

Extent:0.1 linear feet

Description: The most significant Lenape (or "Delaware") materials in Mary Haas' collection are pages from a field notebook recorded with Willy Longbones, likely during the 1930s in Eufaula, Oklahoma, containing paradigms of verbs, locatives, interrogatives, possessives, adjectives, and numbers (Series 2). She later incorporated these into comparative linguistic work as lexical slip files (Series 9), as well as corresponding with Ives Goddard (Series 1).

Collection:Mary R. Haas Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.94)

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Lenape materials, Matthew Schropp Henry Correspondence on Indian Names

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:English

Date:March 19, 1857; Circa 1857-1859; October 18, 1859

Contributor:Alexander, John Henry, 1796-1851 | Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878 | Henry, Mathew Schropp, 1790-1862 | Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe, 1793-1864 | Streeter, Sebastian Ferris, 1810-1864

Subject:Geography | Place names | Linguistics

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence

Extent:4 letters

Description: Concerning Powhatan and Lenape place names. Mentions Joseph Henry and Henry Schoolcraft. Concerning Streeter's and John Henry Alexander's efforts to obtain financial support of Henry's study from Joseph Henry of the Smithsonian Institution. Too busy to work on hobby of Indian languages; no help from Maryland Historical Society on publication.

Collection:Matthew Schropp Henry Correspondence on Indian Names (Mss.497.3.H39)

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Lenape materials, Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection

Culture:

Shawnee

Piscataway includes: Conoy

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Nanticoke

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | French | Delaware | Munsee

Date:October 3, 1738; April 1756; March 10, 1778; January 13, 1788; March 4, 1856

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Minutes | Speeches | Reports

Extent:10 items

Description: Relevant materials can be found in the finding aid under the specific dates listed. Materials include information relations with the colony of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania's Indian affairs more generally, particularly Quaker involvement, embassies to Wyoming (PA) and elsewhere, and gifts for Indians; Indian relations with the federal government of the United States; Delaware materials in the Moravian Archives at Bethlehem and elsewhere; review of Du Ponceau's Delaware Grammar in Revue Encyclopedique; Place names; Heckewelder's Account of the Indian nations; Harrison's 1803 treaty with the Delawares and other Indians at Fort Wayne; Indian settlements in Ohio, and the difficulty of Christian Indians; a Delaware spelling book with vocabularies. Other individuals mentioned include Nookamis, "Sandusky Indian," Ettwein, Zeisberger, and Paul A.W. Wallace.

Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)

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Lenape materials, Violetta Delafield-Benjamin Smith Barton Collection

Culture:

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Language:English

Date:1795-1796

Contributor:Barton, Benjamin Smith, 1766-1815

Subject:Earthquakes | Folklore | Birds | Natural history | Animals--Folklore

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence

Extent:2 items

Description: Correspondence relating to Delawares. Two letters to John G. E. Heckewelder. The first inquires whether words for "earthquake" exist in Delaware or other Indian languages and whether there is an "earthquake theme." The second concerns whether certain objects are unequivocally Indian, and whether any species of birds is venerated or held in particular esteem by the Delawares or other Indians. [Both from originals in the Gilbert Collection, College of Physicians, Philadelphia.]

Collection:Violetta Delafield-Benjamin Smith Barton Collection (Mss.B.B284d)

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Letters and documents relating to the government service of Jasper Parrish among the Indians of New York state, 1790-1831

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Mohawk includes: Kanienʼkehá꞉ka

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1940

Contributor:Parish, Jasper, 1767-1836 | Newton, Dorothy May Fairbank | Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829

Type:Text

Extent:1 reel

Description: "Letters and documents relating to the government service of Jasper Parrish among the Indians of New York State," compiled and edited by Mrs. Dorothy May Fairbanks Newton, 1940. This Vassar College student thesis contains text written by Newton, transcriptions of letters to and from Parrish [aka Parish, an Indian agent and interpreter] and other documents, and 54 letters and 5 maps pertaining to Indian affairs in New York State. Newton used primary documents found in Vassar College's Jasper Parrish Papers Collection. Originals of both thesis and the primary documents it is based on are at Vassar College.

Collection:Letters and documents relating to the government service of Jasper Parrish among the Indians of New York state, 1790-1831 (Mss.Film.650)

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Lewis Henry Morgan journal and correspondence, 1845-1876

Culture:

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1845-1881

Contributor:Morgan, Lewis Henry, 1818-1881 | Howitt, A. W. (Alfred William), 1830-1908 | Fison, Lorimer, 1832-1907

Type:Text

Extent:2 reels

Description: Materials of ethnologist and anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan. Reel 1: Lorimer Fison and Alfred W. Howitt to Morgan, 1865-1881, 455 pages. Materials pertaining to geology, etc., 194 pages. Materials pertaining to Morgan's secret society, Grand Council of the Iroquois, by Morgan, 156 pages, by others, 105 pages. Rules, Constitutions, etc., 44 pages. Volume 1 of Morgan manuscript journals, 394 pages. Reel 2: Volumes 2-6 of Morgan manuscript journals, 453, 532, 385, 456, and 552 pages. The journal includes notes on travels to New York and Michigan, conversations, and Indian councils. Record of Indian letters [i.e., Record of the inquiry concerning the Indian system of relationship...], volume 1, letters sent, 230 pages; volume 2, letters received, 279 pages. (Includes related correspondence). Printed table of contents (1936). [See also, for descriptive contents, Rochester Historical Society Publication Fund Series 2: 83-97; and White (1959).] Originals in the Rush Rhees Library, University of Rochester.

Collection:Lewis Henry Morgan journal and correspondence, 1845-1876 (Mss.Film.582)

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Linguistics materials, American Philosophical Society Archives

Culture:

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Creek

Language:English | French

Date:1798-1897

Contributor:Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Mitchill, Samuel L. (Samuel Latham), 1764-1831 | Brinton, Daniel G. (Daniel Garrison), 1837-1899 | Barbour, James, 1775-1842 | Collin, Nicholas, 1746-1831

Subject:Linguistics | Social life and customs | Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) | United States Exploring Expedition (1838-1842)

Type:Text

Genre:Correspondence | Reports | Catalogs

Extent:34 items

Description: Items relating to linguists and languages of the Americas. Bulk is the correspondence of Peter S. du Ponceau with Thomas Jefferson, Friedrich von Adelung, John Quincy Adams, John Vaughan, Johann S. Vater, John G. E. Heckewelder, Albert Gallatin, George Ord, and others regarding topics such as linguistics; Native languages and customs; acquiring publications for the American Philosophical Society Library; forwarding publications to others; philological essays; legal essays; Europeans' study of American Indian languages; the efforts of the Historical and Literary Committee and its pursuit of languages, especially comparative grammars; his own collection of Vocabularies; his work as an editor and linguist, including his addition to Barton (1797); Long's expedition and western vocabularies now in print; the origin of the American Indian; Byrd's manuscript of the North Carolina-Virginia boundary; the importance of comparative grammars instead of mere word-hunting; the Lewis and Clark journals; his search for Southern languages; Adelung's comment that Jefferson knew of a Mexican manuscript at New Orleans, and that Washington and others had supplied vocabularies to Catherine the Great; and plans for William Penn papers. Other items of interest include APS reports, including "Catalogue of historical manuscripts in the American Philosophical Society," Du Ponceau's "Report upon philology...and Report upon ethnography," and a letter to Mahlon Dickerson discussing objectives and scientific methods to be used on U. S. exploring expedition.

Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)