Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Seneca materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1798-1977, bulk 1941-1977

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Deardorff, Merle H., 1890-1971 | Cornplanter, Jesse J.

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:52 folders

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 52 folders of items directly pertaining to the Seneca have been identified. Seneca materials can be difficult to disentangle from the plethora of items relating to the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) and to Wallace's work on indigenous religions and cultural revitalization more generally. Researchers should therefore also see the Wallace Papers entries for the Haudenosaunee and Tuscarora and consult the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's career and for an itemized list of the collection's contents. Of the materials explicitly linked to the Seneca, many relate to Wallace's ongoing study of Seneca history and culture. This interest was the basis of several publications, most notably the landmark book "Death and Rebirth of the Seneca" (1970) as well as many articles on Handsome Lake, religion, and cultural revitalization. Such items can be found in Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Research Notes and Drafts, Series XI. Maps, and Series XII. Graphics. Of particular note is Wallace's lengthy correspondence (located in both Series I and II) with historian Merle H. Deardorff regarding Seneca history and culture. There is also some correspondence with Jesse Cornplanter. Other relevant correspondence files include those of the American Philosophical Society, Dwight Lewis Chamberlain, Norma Cuthbert, Vine Deloria, Bob Gabor, Charles Garrad, Randy Gorske, Barbara Graymont, N. Perry Jemison, Randy Alan John, Gertrude Kurath, Weston La Barre, Franklin O. Loveland, Charles Lucy, Nancy Lurie, Ernest Miller, Oscar Nephew, the New York State Library, Arthur Caswell Parker, Arthur Piepkorn, V. R. Potmis, Egon Renner, Mrs. Douglas Snook, Frank Speck, William Sturtevant, Shirley Vanatta, Paul A. W. Wallace, and Susan Williams. Other materials from Wallace's personal scholarship and interests include 3 folders of field notes from Cold Spring in 1951-1952; one folder of items relating to the Kinzua Dam controversy; five folders on the Oh-he-yoh-noh Newsletter of the Allegany Indian Reservation; several copies of and extracts from primary and secondary sources; copies of relevant articles and other and drafts of "Death and Rebirth of the Seneca" and other works. There are also original drawings by Jesse Cornplanter, copies of portraits of Seneca chiefs Cornplanter and Red Jacket, images of "The Chief Red Jacket" and "Squaw of Seneca and Papoose" from the New York Historical Society and a photo of Sarah Pierce of the Allegany Reserve (from Frank Speck) in Series XII. Graphics. Other materials relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims, and include dockets, trial memoranda, and maps relating to "Seneca Nation of Indians and Tonawanda Band of Seneca Indians vs. the United States." These can be found in Series IX. Indian Claims.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Seneca materials, Ely Samuel Parker Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1794-1931

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:367 items

Description: A Sachem and Civil War adjutant to Ulysses Grant, Ely Samuel Parker was an important figure in the Seneca Indian nation during the first half of the nineteenth century. Trained as an engineer, Parker was deeply involved in the Senecas' land disputes with the Ogden Land Company and he played an important role in interpreting Seneca culture for a white audience, most notably as a consultant for Lewis Henry Morgan. Collected by Arthur C. Parker, the Ely Samuel Parker Papers include correspondence, manuscripts, and printed materials relating primarily to Seneca affairs, history, language, and culture, as well as politics, education, engineering, and the Civil War. Several letters relate to Parker's service as engineer of public buildings in Galena, Illinois, and to his Masonic activities. Among the noteworthy items in the collection are several essays on Seneca history and culture, a fragment of Parker's diary, 1847, and a significant quantity of material on the Seneca language assembled by Asher Wright. Rich in information on Seneca history, culture, and language and on Parker's varied activities in both the Indian and white worlds, the collection is a major resource for examining the land and political struggles of the Seneca nation during the 1840s and early 1850s. Comprised of a mix of personal and professional correspondence augmented by a smaller quantity of printed materials, notes, and manuscripts, the collection is richest for the period 1845-1860, with only a few letters pertaining to Parker's Civil War service, and even fewer for the post-war period.

Collection:Ely Samuel Parker Papers (Mss.497.3.P223)

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Seneca materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1921-1949

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:16 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Seneca language, history, and culture. Several folders contain correspondence, including one with six letters from Jesse Cornplanter to Speck and others on topics such as his religious beliefs and changes in the way of life; praising Speck; pay for Native consultants; sending Christmas greetings; and husk faces. Other correspondence includes letters from Charles E. Congdon concerning Coldspring Longhouse ceremonies, use of stick and post in dance, Tonawanda and Cattaraugus medicines, congratulating Speck on his Iroquois (1945), describing Alleghany ceremonials, and giving a sketch of the arrangement of participants; from James M. Luongo concerning Seneca and other specimens; from Clara Redeye transmitting a 1941 picture of four generations and sending dolls; from Spencer F. William, a Seneca writer seeking work; from Evangeline Clark sending thanks for reprints, which she had sent to Suffolk University; from Merle H. Deardorff concerning consultant Clayton White, Pennsylvania place names, Speck (1942), and a lengthy discussion of the practices of Handsome Lake adherents; and from Speck to Deardorff concerning an Iroquois conference at Allegany. Other folders contain William N. Fenton's Seneca ceremonial calendar from Coldspring, 131 pages of organized, detailed field notes on ceremonies; Congdon's 4-page essay comparing the religion of Handsome Lake with Judaism and Greco-Roman spirits; Clayton White's description of the one-year death feast; Clayton White's description of a False Face Dance at Coldspring Long House, taken for Deardorff; Speck's miscellaneous notes containing words and two letters from Sherman Redeye to Speck concerning corn-husk masks; Speck's notes on the Oklahoma Seneca with an outline of ceremonials and a chart, with special attention to dances and funerary practices; and Ferdinand Isserman's student paper "Mythology of Seneca Indians." Some of these materials may be restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Seneca materials, George S. Snyderman Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Seneca-Cayuga

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:1798; 1940-1980

Type:Still Image | Text

Genre:Notes | Reports | Photographs | Stories

Description: The Seneca materials in the Snyderman Papers include information about the Kinzua Dam in Series III (the construction of which displaced 600 Seneca from the lands along the Allegheny River). A report on the Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma is in Series IV. The photographs in Series V include images of Longhouses in Allegany and Cold Springs as well as images of Seneca people with whom Synderman worked including Clara and Sherman Redeye, Henry Redeye, with over one hundred black and white silver gelatin prints, postcards, and color Polaroid of the Allegany Senecas and St. Lawrence Mohawks of New York, taken by William N. Fenton, Frank Speck, and Snyderman. See also the entry in this guide for general "Haudenosaunee materials, George S. Snyderman Papers".

Collection:George S. Snyderman Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.51)

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Seneca materials, Halliday Jackson journals, 1805-1806

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:circa 1800-1806

Contributor:Jackson, Halliday, 1771-1835

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Journals | Stories

Extent:2 items

Description: Materials composed by Pennsylvania Quaker missionary Halliday Jackson concerning his work with Native peoples at the turn of the nineteeth century. The first item is a manuscript dated to 1800 titled "Some account of my residence among the Indians," a continuation of another manuscript, concluding his account of a missionary stay at Tunessassa and Cornplanter's village, and his return to Pottsville, Pennsylvania, after an absence of 2 years and 2 months (Jackson departed for missionary work April 30, 1798), pages 1-30. There is also an account of a meeting between Senecas at Buffalo Creek with an Indian agent and a missionary from Massachusetts, pages 31-39; and Red Jacket's speech, May 1811, at Buffalo Creek, pages 40-43 [Donor, Elisa Schofield, 1912. See also Deardorff and Snyderman (1956): 589-592; Wallace (1952b).]. The second item is a journal dated to 1806 concerning business of the Society of Friends committee on Indian affairs, and the Indians in western Pennsylvania [Printed, Snyderman (1957)]. From originals held at the Friends Historical Library, Swarthmore College. Some of these materials were printed under the title Civilization of the Indian Natives (Philadelphia, 1830) and described by George S. Snyderman, "Halliday Jackson's Journal of a Visit Paid to the Indians of New York (1806)," APS Proc. 101 (1957): 565.

Collection:Halliday Jackson journals, 1805-1806 (Mss.Film.631.631a)

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Seneca materials, Halliday Jackson journal, 1814

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1810-1814

Contributor:Jackson, Halliday, 1771-1835

Type:Text

Genre:Microfilms | Drafts | Journals

Extent:2 items

Description: Materials compiled by Pennsylvania Quaker missionary Halliday Jackson. First item is titled "Civilization of the Indian tribes from the times of Penn to 1809" and consists of two drafts of a chronologically ordered account of relations between Pennsylvania Quakers and their Native neighbors, with special emphasis on the Seneca. An account of Native manners and customs is included in the first draft; a Seneca vocabulary is appended to the second draft. [See also Jackson (1830a); Snyderman (1957): 568.] The second item is a journal dated to 1814 containing "Some account of a visit paid to the Friends residing at Tunessassa and Cattaraugus and to the Indians residing at those places" and describing meetings with Indians, observations on social change resulting from missionary activities and white contact, and other references to the Native peoples of western New York [Haudenosaunee]. Originals in possession of Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

Collection:Halliday Jackson journal, 1814 (Mss.Film.631b)

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Seneca materials, Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection

Culture:

Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Shawnee

Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway

Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi

Odawa includes: Ottawa

Miami includes: Myaamiaki

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek

Language:English

Date:1722-1801

Contributor:Pierce, John, 1745?-1808 | Pennsylvania. Provincial Council | Montrésor, John, 1736-1799

Type:Text

Genre:Journals | Reports | Correspondence

Extent:3 items

Description: Colonel John French and James Logan's 1722 report to the Pennsylvania Provincial Council about the murder of an Indian by traders John and Edmund Cartlidge during a drunken brawl, including depositions and Indians' demands for satisfaction. John Montresor's letter to Colonel James Montresor, regarding his meeting with the Senecas and meetings with other Native peoples in the Great Lakes region in fall of 1764, during Pontiac's War; his position made precarious by General Gage's desire to continue war; French aid to Indians. Pierce's 1801 journal of a visit to Cornplanter Reservation, including an account of Conediu (Handsome Lake) meetings with Indians, September 18-21. Conediu accuses Munsy of witchcraft on Cornplanter's daughter.

Collection:Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection (Mss.Ms.Coll.200)

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Seneca materials, William Fenton audio collection

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1941, 1945, 1948, 1950, 1951, 1954, 1956, 1962

Type:Sound recording

Genre:Interviews | Songs | Speeches

Extent:13 hr., 27 min.

Description: The Seneca materials in the William Fenton audio collection are located in Series 1, 3, 5-7, and 11 of the finding aid. Most pertain to songs and ceremonies at Allegany, Tonawanda, and Grand River. Other noteworthy material includes an interview with Chauncey Johnny John on Seneca place names on the Allegheny River in Series 6. Recordings relating to ceremonial matters may be restricted due to cultural sensitivity considerations.

Collection:William Fenton audio collection (Mss.Rec.138)

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Seneca texts relating to the Green Corn Ceremony; An origin of the False Faces

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1948

Contributor:Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Redeye, Clara | Redeye, Sherman

Subject:Religion | Rites and ceremonies

Type:Sound recording

Genre:Songs | Speeches

Extent:2 sound tape reels (48 min.)

Description: Seneca texts relating to the Green Corn Ceremony and Chant of Handsome Lake, given by Sherman Redeye, and an origin of the False Faces, given by Clara Redeye. Recorded in September 1948 at Coldspring Longhouse, Allegany Reservation, New York. These tapes are identified by William Fenton as "originals or copies of recordings made for the Library of Congress: Nos. 21322, 21324." These recordings are restricted due to cultural sensitivity concerns.

Collection:Seneca texts relating to the Green Corn Ceremony; An origin of the False Faces (Mss.Rec.128)

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Some account of my journey to the Seneca Nation of Indians, and residence amongst that people, 1798-1799

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1798-1799

Contributor:Jackson, Halliday, 1771-1835

Subject:Missions | Religion | New York (State)--History | Social life and customs | Politics and government

Type:Text

Genre:Journals | Diaries | Travel narratives

Extent:181 pages

Description: This manuscript, entitled “An account of my journey to the Seneca Nation of Indians, and residence amongst that people,” was compiled by Halliday Jackson, a Quaker missionary, during his yearlong residence with the Seneca Nation in New York. Jackson's chronicle is well-written, detailed, and often fascinating. It includes descriptions of daily life, weather, customs, and minutes of councils. Another copy of this journal, worded differently, was edited by Anthony F. C. Wallace and published in Pennsylvania History 19 (1952): 177, 325.

Collection:Some account of my journey to the Seneca Nation of Indians, and residence amongst that people, 1798-1799 (Mss.970.3.J25)