Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Rarámuri materials, ACLS collection

Culture:

Rarámuri includes: Tarahumara

Language:English | Spanish | Tarahumara, Central

Date:1931, 1940

Contributor:Bennett, Wendell Clark, 1905-1953 | Henry, Jules, 1904-1969

Subject:Chihuahua (Mexico : State)--HIstory | Ethnography | Linguistics | Orthography and spelling | Social life and customs

Type:Text

Extent:300+ pages, 1800 slips, and 3 notebooks

Description: The Rarámuri materials in the ACLS collection consist of several items located in the "Tarahumara" section of the finding aid. There is a set of texts with interlinear Spanish translations (item U6a.2), recorded by Wendell Bennett, with a related lexical file (item U6a.1) of 1800+ word slips derived from the texts. Material recorded by Jules Henry consists of 3 field notebooks (item U6a.4) with texts with interlinear translations and biographical information on speakers who provided the stories. Henry's related "Tarahumara materials" (item U6a.3) includes a diverse set of items, including word lists, a draft dictionary, additional texts, a Spanish-Tarahumara newsletter, and a "Cartilla Tarahumara de Lectura" with photomechanical prints depicting housing, utensils, clothing, and social customs.

Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)

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Sanpoil materials, ACLS collection

Culture:

Sanpoil includes: San Poil

Language:English

Date:Undated

Contributor:Gould, Marian K. | Karneecher

Subject:Ethnography | Fishing | Food | Folklore | Social life and customs

Type:Still Image | Text

Genre:Drawings | Notes | Photographs

Extent:10 pages; 9 photographs

Description: The Sanpoil materials in the ACLS collection consists one item in the "Sanpoil" section of the finding aid: "Sanpoil notes" (item 43), consisting of notes on data on social organization, tanning, tipi, fish traps, foods, and stone implements, and photos of 9 drawings by Karneecher of tanning, hunting buffalo, tools, traps, and dwellings.

Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)

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Scaticook materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Scaticook includes: Scatticook, Schaghticoke

Language:English | Mahican

Date:1903-1943

Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Smith, Frank Edward, Jr. | Swimming Eel

Type:Text

Genre:Censuses | Notebooks | Correspondence | Broadsides | Vocabularies

Extent:3 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of the language, history, and culture of the Scaticook (Scatticook, aka Schaghticoke) people of southern New England. Items include Speck's 1903 Scaticook field notebook containing vocabulary, census, and reservation data, biographical notes, and traditions; Speck's miscellaneous Scaticook notes, comprised of a 1904 vocabulary, two letters from Chief Swimming Eel (1939 and 1940) concerning Indian social activities, and 1 broadside; and two letters from Frank Edward Smith, Jr., concerning his interest in Scatticook Indians and in captivity narratives.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Secwepemc materials, ACLS collection

Culture:

Secwépemc includes: Shuswap

Language:English | Secwepemc

Date:1900-1928, 1974

Contributor:Bertz, Dietrich | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Teit, James Alexander, 1864-1922

Type:Text

Genre:Stories | Vocabularies

Extent:1000+ pages

Description: The Secwepemc materials in the ACLS collection consist of materials found in multiple sections of the finding aid. In the "Shuswap (Secwepemc)" section of the finding aid, there are vocabularies recorded by Boas (item S1c.1) and Teit (item S1c.2) which include names of tribes and other information. In the "Thompson" section, Teit's "Salish ethnographic materials" (item 61) includes some Secwepemc notes, as does Teit's notebooks that make up "Field notes on Thompson and neighboring Salish languages" (item S1b.7). (The extent of Secwepemc material in these notebooks is undetermined as the material does not yet have a detailed contents listing.) In the "Chinook Jargon" section of the finding aid, "Indian legends of the North Pacific coast of North America" (item 74) includes some Secwepemc legends. In the "Kutenai" section, there are some Secwepemc stories in Teit's "Folkloristic tales from the Salish area" (item 12). In the "Lillooet" section, Teit's "Lillooet vocabulary" (item S1a.1) includes some comparative Secwepemc words. In the "Salish" section, Teit's "Salish (and Dene) ethnographic notes" (item 60) includes information on Secwepemc artifacts sent to museums, and "Songs from the Salish area" (item S.6) includes notes on 80 songs (some of which are Secwepemc) recorded for and sent to the National Museum of Canada (now the Canadian Museum of History).

Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)

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Seneca materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1798-1977, bulk 1941-1977

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Deardorff, Merle H., 1890-1971 | Cornplanter, Jesse J.

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:52 folders

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 52 folders of items directly pertaining to the Seneca have been identified. Seneca materials can be difficult to disentangle from the plethora of items relating to the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) and to Wallace's work on indigenous religions and cultural revitalization more generally. Researchers should therefore also see the Wallace Papers entries for the Haudenosaunee and Tuscarora and consult the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's career and for an itemized list of the collection's contents. Of the materials explicitly linked to the Seneca, many relate to Wallace's ongoing study of Seneca history and culture. This interest was the basis of several publications, most notably the landmark book "Death and Rebirth of the Seneca" (1970) as well as many articles on Handsome Lake, religion, and cultural revitalization. Such items can be found in Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Research Notes and Drafts, Series XI. Maps, and Series XII. Graphics. Of particular note is Wallace's lengthy correspondence (located in both Series I and II) with historian Merle H. Deardorff regarding Seneca history and culture. There is also some correspondence with Jesse Cornplanter. Other relevant correspondence files include those of the American Philosophical Society, Dwight Lewis Chamberlain, Norma Cuthbert, Vine Deloria, Bob Gabor, Charles Garrad, Randy Gorske, Barbara Graymont, N. Perry Jemison, Randy Alan John, Gertrude Kurath, Weston La Barre, Franklin O. Loveland, Charles Lucy, Nancy Lurie, Ernest Miller, Oscar Nephew, the New York State Library, Arthur Caswell Parker, Arthur Piepkorn, V. R. Potmis, Egon Renner, Mrs. Douglas Snook, Frank Speck, William Sturtevant, Shirley Vanatta, Paul A. W. Wallace, and Susan Williams. Other materials from Wallace's personal scholarship and interests include 3 folders of field notes from Cold Spring in 1951-1952; one folder of items relating to the Kinzua Dam controversy; five folders on the Oh-he-yoh-noh Newsletter of the Allegany Indian Reservation; several copies of and extracts from primary and secondary sources; copies of relevant articles and other and drafts of "Death and Rebirth of the Seneca" and other works. There are also original drawings by Jesse Cornplanter, copies of portraits of Seneca chiefs Cornplanter and Red Jacket, images of "The Chief Red Jacket" and "Squaw of Seneca and Papoose" from the New York Historical Society and a photo of Sarah Pierce of the Allegany Reserve (from Frank Speck) in Series XII. Graphics. Other materials relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims, and include dockets, trial memoranda, and maps relating to "Seneca Nation of Indians and Tonawanda Band of Seneca Indians vs. the United States." These can be found in Series IX. Indian Claims.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Seneca materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1921-1949

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:16 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Seneca language, history, and culture. Several folders contain correspondence, including one with six letters from Jesse Cornplanter to Speck and others on topics such as his religious beliefs and changes in the way of life; praising Speck; pay for Native consultants; sending Christmas greetings; and husk faces. Other correspondence includes letters from Charles E. Congdon concerning Coldspring Longhouse ceremonies, use of stick and post in dance, Tonawanda and Cattaraugus medicines, congratulating Speck on his Iroquois (1945), describing Alleghany ceremonials, and giving a sketch of the arrangement of participants; from James M. Luongo concerning Seneca and other specimens; from Clara Redeye transmitting a 1941 picture of four generations and sending dolls; from Spencer F. William, a Seneca writer seeking work; from Evangeline Clark sending thanks for reprints, which she had sent to Suffolk University; from Merle H. Deardorff concerning consultant Clayton White, Pennsylvania place names, Speck (1942), and a lengthy discussion of the practices of Handsome Lake adherents; and from Speck to Deardorff concerning an Iroquois conference at Allegany. Other folders contain William N. Fenton's Seneca ceremonial calendar from Coldspring, 131 pages of organized, detailed field notes on ceremonies; Congdon's 4-page essay comparing the religion of Handsome Lake with Judaism and Greco-Roman spirits; Clayton White's description of the one-year death feast; Clayton White's description of a False Face Dance at Coldspring Long House, taken for Deardorff; Speck's miscellaneous notes containing words and two letters from Sherman Redeye to Speck concerning corn-husk masks; Speck's notes on the Oklahoma Seneca with an outline of ceremonials and a chart, with special attention to dances and funerary practices; and Ferdinand Isserman's student paper "Mythology of Seneca Indians." Some of these materials may be restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Shawnee materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Shawnee

Language:English

Date:1903-1948

Type:Text

Extent:6 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Shawnee language, history, and culture. Includes an essay on Speck's visit to an excavation site at Fort Hill, Pennsylvania in July 1903 in which he identifies the site as Shawnee; a letter from Carl Voegelin and Erminie Wheeler-Voegelin transmitting lists of Shawnee dances to Speck; a letter from Wheeler-Voegelin concerning field data on Shawnee use of false faces; an undated report by Wheeler-Voegelin on general burial traits, including a brief account of field experiences and an 8-page outline of burial, funerary, and condolence procedure; a letter from Gladys Tantaquidgeon concerning Shawnee legends, asking about silk applique techniques, and enclosing news clippings; and 16 pages of Speck's miscellaneous Shawnee notes and correspondence, including two letters from Earl L. Poole (Reading Museum), together with a transcript of a 1747 letter of Conrad Weiser taken from American German Review: 12: 4, 18-19, April 1946, regarding meeting of Shawnees and Count Zinzendorf; a postal card from "C" on grasshopper war; a letter from Wheeler-Voegelin; a letter from War Eagle concerning Bread Dance; 1912 notes on Bread Dance and names given Speck; and notes on Shawnee clans.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Tsimshian materials, ACLS collection

Culture:

Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian

Tahltan

Nisga'a includes: Nass, Nisgha, Nishga, Nishka, Niska, Nisqa'a

Gitxsan includes: Gitksan

Haisla includes: Xa'islak'ala

Language:English | German | Tsimshian

Date:1893-1895, 1906-1909, 1915, 1920-1940, 1974

Type:Text

Extent:Approx. 1,000 slips 5 notebooks, 1500+ loose pages

Description: The Tsimshian materials in the ACLS collection consist of numerous items concentrated in the "Tsimshian" section of the finding aid. Noteworthy materials include texts, vocabularies, and notes on music recorded by Boas in the 1890s, along with an English-Tsimshian dictionary file. There is a large body of material recorded by William Beynon, including Vocabularies, notes on kinship, and a large body of stories (primarily in English) pertaining to primarily to Tsimshian history. (A full table of contents of these texts is available.) Also of note are Henry Tate's are texts sent to Boas by Henry Tate with interlinear texts, vocabularies, and grammatical analyses by Amelia Susman from the late 1930s; an extensive lexicon file by an unidentified compiler (may be Susman); and essays on social organization and linguistics by Barbeau and Beynon. A set of cards, long identified as "Kwakiutl social organization," have been identified as "Tsimshian names file" now at the end of the Tsimshian section. This was likely compiled by William Beynon, and contains a few Gitxsan, Nisga'a, and Haisla ("Kitimat") names, and some with notes on kinship of "Tahltan Stickine origin". Some additional materials comparing Tsimshian and Nisga'a can be found in the "Nass" section of the finding aid (at least items Pn5.1 and Pn5b.1).

Collection:ACLS Collection (American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society) (Mss.497.3.B63c)

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Tunica materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Tunica

Penobscot

Caddo

Language:English

Date:1940

Contributor:Neitzel, Robert S. | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Siebert, Frank T. (Frank Thomas), 1912-1998

Type:Text | Still Image

Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Reports | Field notes | Sketches

Extent:4 folders, 50 photos

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Tunica language, history, and culture. Letters and notes from Robert Stuart Neitzel comprise the bulk of this assemblage, and include a two-page report about Tunica tanning of deer hides, together with a one-page letter of transmission and a two-page drawing; 28 pages on Tunica dances, including the green corn ceremony, along with letters about concerning field work among the Tunica and Caddo archaeology with a sketch of the digging; and 16 pages of miscellaneous notes, sketches, and correspondence on topics such as archaeology at Marksville, Louisiana (with sketches), Tunica museum specimens, phonetic transcriptions of dance names, a sketch of a Tunica scraper and hide drying frame, traps (with a sketch), Tunica tools, etc. There is also a letter to Speck from Frank Siebert concerning the linguistic field work of Mary Haas and publication of Speck's Penobscot texts. Lastly, there are about 50 photos sent to Speck by Robert Stuart Neitzel.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Tuscarora material

Culture:

Tuscarora includes: Ska:rù:rę'

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Tuscarora

Date:1948-1949

Type:Sound recording

Genre:Autobiographies | Speeches | Stories | Vocabularies

Extent:30 open reel tapes (14 hr., 38 min.) : DIGITIZED

Description: Recorded by Anthony Wallace in 1948 and 1949 at the Tuscarora Reservation in Niagara County, New York. Contains folkloric stories, tribal histories (especially relating to the 18th and 19th centuries), autobiographical stories, reminiscences, Vocabularies, and descriptions of tribal government, organizations, and customs. Almost all stories are given in both Tuscarora and English. Originally recorded on 16 wire spools, transfered to open reel tape in 1950. (NOTE: This material has been digitized and can be accessed online for free by users not physically at the APS Library through a login and password. Please see our Audio Access Page for information on how to request these materials.)

Collection:Tuscarora material (Mss.Rec.2)