Guide to the Indigenous Materials at the American Philosophical Society

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Oneida materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:circa 1951

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Ricciardelli, Catherine Hinckle, 1927- | Ricciardelli, Alex

Type:Still Image | Text

Genre:Correspondence | Legal documents | Notes | Photographs

Extent:5 folders

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents. Though further research might yield more results, five items directly relating to the Oneida (in both New York and Wisconsin) have been identified. Of particular interest might be the correspondence of Wallace's students Alex and Catherine H. Ricciardelli, who did ethnographic fieldwork at St. Regis in the 1950s and wrote Wallace informative letters about their experiences at the reservation. Most other materials concern Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims. In Series IX. Indian Claims, there are three folders labeled as follows: "Oneida Indians--Oneida Nation of New York, et.al. vs. the United States of America, Docket 301" (1951), "Oneida Indians--Oneida of Wisconsin: Correspondence," and "Oneida Indians--Oneida of Wisconsin: Finances." In Series XII. Graphics, in a folder labeled "Berdonnet, Pauline Henriette Hyde de Neuville, vicomtesse de, 1814-1900--Indians of North America," there are several images of Haudenosaunee individuals, including one described as "Mary, Squaw of Oneida Tribe." See also the entries for Haudenosaunee, Seneca, and Tuscarora in the Wallace Papers.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Onondaga materials, Frans M. Olbrechts papers

Culture:

Onondaga includes: Onöñda'gega'

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:Dutch | English | Onondaga

Date:1928-1930

Contributor:Every, George V. | George, Lucenda | Olbrechts, Frans M., 1899-1958 | Williams, George | Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808

Subject:Linguistics | Medicine | New York (State)--History | Religion

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:1.5 linear feet

Description: The Onondaga materials in the Frans Olbrechts Papers consist of numerous items, primarily concentrated in "Series II: Onondaga." Noteworthy materials in this section include several voluminous notebooks (listed as items 2-4 in the series) containing Onondaga word and phrases lists and stories. For the notebooks that make up item 3, "Langauge and Grammar," pages 694-798 contain traditional names, with translations, organized according to clan and gender. Other items in this series include notes on midwinter ceremonies, as well as 3 boxes containing a lexical file of several thousand vocabulary slips derived from the content of the notebooks. In Series I, see Item "4: Handsome Lake materials," which includes several photograpsh of Onondaga people. Item 5, "Schoon Meer," includes one newspaper clipping on Chief Albert Schanandoah of the Onondaga, dated December 8, 1929. Item"6: Comparative relative pronouns," includes Onondaga vocabulary, as does item "10: Iroquoian languages lexical files." Finally, in Series III, see items 11 and 13.

Collection:Frans M. Olbrechts papers (Mss.497.3.OL2)

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Pennsylvania Indians materials, United States. Work Projects Administration (Pa.) Reports, 1918-1948

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1886-1948

Subject:Antiquities | Archaeology | Mounds | Pennsylvania--History

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:25 items

Description: Materials relating to archaeological sites in Pennsylvania, many excavated through the Works Progress Administration. Includes site reports, site notes, photographs, photograph albums, maps, geological surveys, drawings, blueprints, news clippings, article and manuscript drafts, and other materials pertaining to sites throughout Pennsylvania. Sites mentioned include the 28th Street site and Wesleyville site (Erie County), the Guyasutha Mound (Allegheny County), Sugar Run sites, Phillips, Fort Hill, and Martin sites, Book Mound (Tuscarora Creek, Juniata County), Clemson's Mound (Susquehanna River, Dauphin County), Brock Village site (Muncy Creek Township), Nelson Mound, Williams Mound, the Sick site (South Towanda, Bradford County), Spartansburg Mound, McKees Rock Mound, and Crall Mound (Washington County). Drafted or completed manuscripts include Fisher's "Southwest Pennsylvania Materials," Cresson's "Archaeological survey of Somerset County, Pennsylvania," Gilmore's "Identification of faunal remains from southwestern Pennsylvania archaeological sites...and report...of animal remains," Schoff's "McFate site report on archaeological excavations," Stewart's "Skeletal remains from Fayette and Somerset counties, Pennsylvania," and Cadzow's "Archaeological explorations in western Pennsylvania," and Augustine and Butler's "Miscellaneous reports on Johnson, Miller, Jacobs, Hooks Run, Logan, Jimerson sites," a survey of northwestern Pennsylvania sites on Seneca-owned property in Warren County. Among the archaeological cultures and aspects mentioned are Adena, Hopewell (or Hopewellian), Woodlands culture, Monongahela aspect, Owasco, Point Peninsula aspect, and Algonquian.

Collection:United States. Work Projects Administration (Pa.) Reports, 1918-1948 (Mss.913.748.Un3)

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Seneca materals, Elisabeth Tooker Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1958-1982

Contributor:Evaneshko, Veronica | Fenton, William N., (William Nelson), 1908-2005 | Sundown, Arnold | Sundown, Corbett | Tooker, Elisabeth, 1927-2004

Subject:Kinship | New York (State)--History | Social life and customs | Religion | Politics and government

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:.5 linear feet

Description: The Seneca materials in the Eilsabeth Tooker papers are found in most sections of the finding aid. The majority of the Seneca material relates to Tonawanda and can be located by searching for that name. In Series I, see correspondence with William Fenton, Corbett Sundown, and others. There may be additional relevant material in other correspondence folders. Series II includes issues of Tonawanda Indian Community News from 1972 to 1973. Series III contains numerous drafts of works by Tooker relating to Tonawanda history and social life. Series V contains 6 folders of Tooker's field notes from Tonawanda from 1958-1972. (Some of this material may be restricted due to cultural sensitivity or privacy concerns.) Also found in Series V are genealogies collected and revised by Tooker in July 1966 and then revised again by Veronica Evaneshko in January 1973. Additional related research notecards are found in Series VII. Series VI contains a cabinet card of Ely S. Parker’s sister, Caroline Parker Mountpleasant, a Seneca of the Wolf Clan.

Collection:Elisabeth Tooker Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.84)

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Seneca materials, Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1798-1977, bulk 1941-1977

Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Deardorff, Merle H., 1890-1971 | Cornplanter, Jesse J.

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:52 folders

Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 52 folders of items directly pertaining to the Seneca have been identified. Seneca materials can be difficult to disentangle from the plethora of items relating to the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) and to Wallace's work on indigenous religions and cultural revitalization more generally. Researchers should therefore also see the Wallace Papers entries for the Haudenosaunee and Tuscarora and consult the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's career and for an itemized list of the collection's contents. Of the materials explicitly linked to the Seneca, many relate to Wallace's ongoing study of Seneca history and culture. This interest was the basis of several publications, most notably the landmark book "Death and Rebirth of the Seneca" (1970) as well as many articles on Handsome Lake, religion, and cultural revitalization. Such items can be found in Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Research Notes and Drafts, Series XI. Maps, and Series XII. Graphics. Of particular note is Wallace's lengthy correspondence (located in both Series I and II) with historian Merle H. Deardorff regarding Seneca history and culture. There is also some correspondence with Jesse Cornplanter. Other relevant correspondence files include those of the American Philosophical Society, Dwight Lewis Chamberlain, Norma Cuthbert, Vine Deloria, Bob Gabor, Charles Garrad, Randy Gorske, Barbara Graymont, N. Perry Jemison, Randy Alan John, Gertrude Kurath, Weston La Barre, Franklin O. Loveland, Charles Lucy, Nancy Lurie, Ernest Miller, Oscar Nephew, the New York State Library, Arthur Caswell Parker, Arthur Piepkorn, V. R. Potmis, Egon Renner, Mrs. Douglas Snook, Frank Speck, William Sturtevant, Shirley Vanatta, Paul A. W. Wallace, and Susan Williams. Other materials from Wallace's personal scholarship and interests include 3 folders of field notes from Cold Spring in 1951-1952; one folder of items relating to the Kinzua Dam controversy; five folders on the Oh-he-yoh-noh Newsletter of the Allegany Indian Reservation; several copies of and extracts from primary and secondary sources; copies of relevant articles and other and drafts of "Death and Rebirth of the Seneca" and other works. There are also original drawings by Jesse Cornplanter, copies of portraits of Seneca chiefs Cornplanter and Red Jacket, images of "The Chief Red Jacket" and "Squaw of Seneca and Papoose" from the New York Historical Society and a photo of Sarah Pierce of the Allegany Reserve (from Frank Speck) in Series XII. Graphics. Other materials relate to Wallace's work as a researcher and expert witness on behalf of Native American land claims, and include dockets, trial memoranda, and maps relating to "Seneca Nation of Indians and Tonawanda Band of Seneca Indians vs. the United States." These can be found in Series IX. Indian Claims.

Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)

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Seneca materials, Ely Samuel Parker Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1794-1931

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:367 items

Description: A Sachem and Civil War adjutant to Ulysses Grant, Ely Samuel Parker was an important figure in the Seneca Indian nation during the first half of the nineteenth century. Trained as an engineer, Parker was deeply involved in the Senecas' land disputes with the Ogden Land Company and he played an important role in interpreting Seneca culture for a white audience, most notably as a consultant for Lewis Henry Morgan. Collected by Arthur C. Parker, the Ely Samuel Parker Papers include correspondence, manuscripts, and printed materials relating primarily to Seneca affairs, history, language, and culture, as well as politics, education, engineering, and the Civil War. Several letters relate to Parker's service as engineer of public buildings in Galena, Illinois, and to his Masonic activities. Among the noteworthy items in the collection are several essays on Seneca history and culture, a fragment of Parker's diary, 1847, and a significant quantity of material on the Seneca language assembled by Asher Wright. Rich in information on Seneca history, culture, and language and on Parker's varied activities in both the Indian and white worlds, the collection is a major resource for examining the land and political struggles of the Seneca nation during the 1840s and early 1850s. Comprised of a mix of personal and professional correspondence augmented by a smaller quantity of printed materials, notes, and manuscripts, the collection is richest for the period 1845-1860, with only a few letters pertaining to Parker's Civil War service, and even fewer for the post-war period.

Collection:Ely Samuel Parker Papers (Mss.497.3.P223)

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Seneca materials, Frank G. Speck Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English | Seneca

Date:1921-1949

Type:Still Image | Text

Extent:16 folders

Description: Materials relating to Speck's interest in Seneca language, history, and culture. Several folders contain correspondence, including one with six letters from Jesse Cornplanter to Speck and others on topics such as his religious beliefs and changes in the way of life; praising Speck; pay for Native consultants; sending Christmas greetings; and husk faces. Other correspondence includes letters from Charles E. Congdon concerning Coldspring Longhouse ceremonies, use of stick and post in dance, Tonawanda and Cattaraugus medicines, congratulating Speck on his Iroquois (1945), describing Alleghany ceremonials, and giving a sketch of the arrangement of participants; from James M. Luongo concerning Seneca and other specimens; from Clara Redeye transmitting a 1941 picture of four generations and sending dolls; from Spencer F. William, a Seneca writer seeking work; from Evangeline Clark sending thanks for reprints, which she had sent to Suffolk University; from Merle H. Deardorff concerning consultant Clayton White, Pennsylvania place names, Speck (1942), and a lengthy discussion of the practices of Handsome Lake adherents; and from Speck to Deardorff concerning an Iroquois conference at Allegany. Other folders contain William N. Fenton's Seneca ceremonial calendar from Coldspring, 131 pages of organized, detailed field notes on ceremonies; Congdon's 4-page essay comparing the religion of Handsome Lake with Judaism and Greco-Roman spirits; Clayton White's description of the one-year death feast; Clayton White's description of a False Face Dance at Coldspring Long House, taken for Deardorff; Speck's miscellaneous notes containing words and two letters from Sherman Redeye to Speck concerning corn-husk masks; Speck's notes on the Oklahoma Seneca with an outline of ceremonials and a chart, with special attention to dances and funerary practices; and Ferdinand Isserman's student paper "Mythology of Seneca Indians." Some of these materials may be restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)

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Seneca materials, George S. Snyderman Papers

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Seneca-Cayuga

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no

Language:English

Date:1798; 1940-1980

Type:Still Image | Text

Genre:Notes | Reports | Photographs | Stories

Description: The Seneca materials in the Snyderman Papers include information about the Kinzua Dam in Series III (the construction of which displaced 600 Seneca from the lands along the Allegheny River). A report on the Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma is in Series IV. The photographs in Series V include images of Longhouses in Allegany and Cold Springs as well as images of Seneca people with whom Synderman worked including Clara and Sherman Redeye, Henry Redeye, with over one hundred black and white silver gelatin prints, postcards, and color Polaroid of the Allegany Senecas and St. Lawrence Mohawks of New York, taken by William N. Fenton, Frank Speck, and Snyderman. See also the entry in this guide for general "Haudenosaunee materials, George S. Snyderman Papers".

Collection:George S. Snyderman Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.51)

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Seneca materials, United States. Work Projects Administration (Pa.) Reports, 1918-1948

Culture:

Seneca includes: Onöndowága

Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1929-1947

Contributor:Schoff, Harry L. | Cadzow, Donald A. | Skinner, Dorothy P.

Type:Text

Extent:2 items

Description: Two items relating to the excavation of Seneca-associated sites in New York and Pennsylvania under the Works Progress Administration. Skinner's 1929 "Reports of Pennsylvania Archaeological Survey," concerns the ethnological work of Dorothy P. (Mrs. Alanson) Skinner among Senecas at Quaker Bridge and Cornplanter Reservation, New York, with discussions of Frank G. Speck's field work among the Delawares and archaeological work at Clemson's Island, Pennsylvania. Schoff and Cadzow's collection of materials on the Irvine Mound Group in Warren County, Pennsylvania, consists of 100 photographs, 48 negatives, and 86 pages describing the excavations and artifacts, particularly of the Buckaloons site and the Nathaniel mound, and some letters to Edmund Carpenter from Frank M. Setzler, William N. Fenton, A. Wetmore, and Richard G. Morgan.

Collection:United States. Work Projects Administration (Pa.) Reports, 1918-1948 (Mss.913.748.Un3)

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The ancient mounds of Pennsylvania

Culture:

Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe

Language:English

Date:1950

Contributor:Carpenter, Edmund, 1922-2011 | Griffin, James B. (James Bennett), 1905-1997 | Stewart, T. D. (Thomas Dale), 1901-1997

Subject:Archaeology | Human remains | Mounds | Pottery

Type:Text

Genre:Essays | Diagrams | Photographs | Reports

Extent:1 volume

Description: A report to the American Philosophical Society, summarizing archaeological data on Pennsylvania tumuli contained in manuscripts deposited in its library (i.e., site reports in Work Projects Administration Reports on archaeological excavations in Pennsylvania [913.748 Un3]). All but essays, earlier theories, the position of the Iroquois; his conclusions; summaries of the Irvine Mounds group, the Sugar Run mounds; and essays on Sugar Run pottery and skeletal remains by James B. Griffin and T. Dale Stewart have been printed.

Collection:The ancient mounds of Pennsylvania (Mss.913.748.C223)