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Culture:
Language:English
Date:1816-1888
Contributor:Reynolds, Henry Lee | Horsford, Eben Norton, 1818-1893 | Tooker, William Wallace, 1848-1917 | Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844
Subject:Labrador--History | Linguistics | Place names | Material culture
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Minutes
Extent:8 items
Description: Materials relating to Alonguian languages and cultures, as well as to the publication of pieces on those subjects. Topics include an essay submitted by Reynolds on Algonquian metalsmiths; Tooker's request for a copy of Heckewelder's comparative Algonquian vocabularies for his work on Long Island place names; two letters revolving around Horsford's efforts to publish the American Philosophical Society manuscript of Heckewelder's comparative Algonquian vocabulary with his edition of Zeisberger's Onondaga dictionary; Du Ponceau on Native languages described as Huron, Delaware, Minsi, Mohicon, Natick, Chippeway, Shawanoe and Nanticoke; and two items relating to a manuscript found on the coast of Labrador which Du Ponceau presented to the APS in facsimile and which he believed to be Algonquian.
Collection:American Philosophical Society Archives (APS.Archives)
Culture:
Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Mi'kmaq includes: Micmac
Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox
Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw
Ktunaxa includes: Kootenai, Kootenay, Kutenai, Tonaxa
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Cree includes: Nēhiyaw, Cri
Blackfoot includes: Niitsítapi, Blackfeet
Language:English | Shawnee | Delaware | Potawatomi | Meskwaki | Menominee | Cree, Plains | Ojibwe | Blackfoot | Cheyenne | Kutenai | Abenaki, Eastern
Date:circa 1930s-1960s
Contributor:Voegelin, C. F. (Charles Frederick), 1906-1986 | Bloomfield, Leonard, 1887-1949 | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Hockett, Charles Francis | Hamp, Eric P. | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Algonquian languages | New England--History | Orthography and spelling
Type:Still Image | Text
Extent:25 folders, 1 box
Description: There are many materials relating to Algonquian languages in the C. F. Voegelin Papers. This entry is intended as a catch-all for materials labeled as Algonquian or Macro-Algonquian, or having to do with several Algonquian languages in a general way. Researchers should also view the entries for specific Algonquian languages and culture groups. Algonquian materials are located in both Subcollection I and Subcollection II. In Subcollection I, there is relevant correspondence with Leonard Bloomfield (regarding an inscription on a silver bracelet; Bloomfield's "Menomini Grammar"), Charles Hockett (with questions about Voegelin's article on Delaware and examples from other Algonquian languages), and Morris Swadesh (including a brief Stockbridge vocabulary and a slip of Moravian Delaware) in Series I. Correspondence; 1 box of comparative Algonquian vocabulary and grammar in Series II. and several linguistic maps (i.e., "Algonquian language text with illustrations" and "Linguistic classification of the Southern New England Algonquians"), particularly of the Potawatomi, Delaware, and Shawnee, to accompany the texts of Voegelin's work on Algonquian languages, in Series VII. Photographs. In Subcollection II, there is relevant correspondence from Eric Hamp (to Ives Goddard regarding preparation of Arapaho and Algonquian works) and Frank Speck (to Edward Sapir regarding his work on Mi'kmaq and other northern Algonquian languages and societies) in Series I. Correspondence. There is also an entire subseries devoted to Macro-Algonquian: Subseries III. Macro-Algonquian of Series II. Research Notes. This subseries contains a grammatical sketch of Algonquian by Leonard Bloomfield (135 pages of typescript with handwritten edits and 7 interleaved pages of notes by Voegelin); another "Sketch of Algonquian" by Bloomfield consisting of a notebook (approx. 45 pages) and handwritten notes (approx. 80 pages); 5 folders of notebooks focusing on beginning sounds ("Č and K," "L and M," "N and P," " Š and T," and "Θ and ?"), drawing from Pacific Coast Algonquian ("PCA"), Fox [Meskwaki], Plains Cree, Menominee, and Ojibwe; 3 folders of other comparative Algonquian notebooks organized by general nouns, body parts, kinship terms, numerals, and verbs; miscellaneous Algonquian notes; and specimens of Central Algonquian, including short texts in Fox [Meskwaki], Ojibwe, Menominee, and Plains Cree, with English translations. The rest of the material in the Macro-Algonquian folder is organized according to specific languages: Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Fox (Meskwaki), Kutenai [Ktunaxa culture], Ojibwe, Penobscot, and Shawnee. Finally, there is an article titled "Some Observations on Algonquian Phonology" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries I: General works; an incomplete typed draft of Bloomfield's "Sketch of Algonquian" in Series IV. Works by Others; and a "Linguistic map of Southern New England" in Series III. Works by Voegelin, Subseries V: American Indian Languages.
Collection:C. F. Voegelin Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.68)
Culture:
Wyandot includes: Huron, Wendat, Wyandotte, Huron-Wyandot
Tsimshian includes: Ts'msyan, Ts'msyen, Zimshian
Wabanaki includes: Wabenaki, Wobanaki
Seminole includes: Yat'siminoli
Seneca includes: Onöndowága
Shoshone includes: Shoshoni, Newe
Séliš includes: Salish, Flathead
Oneida includes: Onyota'a:ka
Otoe includes: Oto, Jiwére
Odawa includes: Ottawa
Pawnee includes: Chaticks si Chaticks, Chatiks si Chatiks
Potawatomi includes: Pottawotomi, Neshnabé, Bodéwadmi
Quapaw includes: Arkansas, Ugahxpa
Ojibwe includes: Ojibwa, Chippewa, Ojibway
Omaha includes: Umoⁿhoⁿ
Mandan includes: Nueta
Menominee includes: Menomini, Mamaceqtaw
Meskwaki includes: Mesquakie, Musquakie, Sac, Sauk, Fox, Sac-and-Fox
Nez Perce includes: Niimíipu
Kaw includes: Kansa, Kanza
Kickapoo includes: Kikapú, Kiikaapoa
Laguna includes: Kʾáwáigamʾé, Keres, Kawaika
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Iñupiat includes: Инупиаты, Iñupiaq
Iowa includes: Ioway, Báxoje, Bah-Kho-Je
Isleta includes: Tiwa
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Ho-Chunk includes: Winnebago, Hoocąk
Catawba includes: Iswa
Cayuga includes: Gayogohó:no
Choctaw includes: Chahta
Comanche includes: Nʉmʉnʉʉ
Crow includes: Apsáalooke, Absaroka
Assiniboine includes: Assiniboin, Nakoda, Hohe, Nakota
Blackfoot includes: Niitsítapi, Blackfeet
Aaniiih includes: A'aninin, Atsina, Gros Ventre
Anishinaabe includes: Anishinaabeg, Anishinabe, Nishnaabe, Anishinabek
Apache includes: Inde
Apache, Western includes: Apache, San Carlos
Arapaho includes: Arapahoe
Arikara includes: Sahnish, Arikaree, Hundi
Language:English
Date:1939-1943
Contributor:Haskell Institute | Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Giger, Leona E. | Rolland, Ann | Laulin, Reginald | Laulin, Gladys
Subject:Boarding schools | Cultural assimilation | Education | Hampton Institute | Haskell Institute
Type:Text | Still Image
Genre:Rosters | Correspondence | Photographs | Lantern slides
Extent:0.25 linear feet
Description: There are a few items in the Frank G. Speck Papers currently identified as relating to Indian boarding schools. In the collection guide, under Subcollection 1, Series 1, in Section XIII, "Miscellaneous," see item XIII(22H), "Haskell Institute Roster." This document lists Native students at the Haskell Institute boarding school in 1939-1940, giving name, age, address, and tribe. (The tribes of the students included are listed above at the top of this entry.) In Section IV, "Southeast," see item IV(15H3), "Yuchi miscellaneous notes," which contains a letter from Ann Rolland (Haskell Institute), to Speck, April 6, 1941, as well as items under "C. Houma (Louisiana)" that relate to mission schools. In Subcollection I, Series II, Biographical Material, see letters (listed alphabetically by author) from Leona E. Giger and Ann Rolland, both students at Haskell in the early 1940s. Also see letter from "Redge" and Gladys Laulin regarding Chippewa boy returning home for dances. In Series III, Photographs, there is an undated photograph [#10-14(a)] from the Shingwauk Indian Residential School. See also school-related photos in folders "Creek #3," "Eskimo [Inuit] (Labrador) #4," "Houma #1," #2, #7, and #8, "Pamunkey #6," and "Penobscot: People #2." In Series IV, Lantern Slides, there are slides of Native and Black students at the Hampton Institute. More boarding school-related material may be identified in the collection with further research.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1941 and undated
Subject:Linguistics | Anthropology | Ethnography | Kinship | Genealogy | Folklore | Animals--Folklore
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Notebooks | Field notes | Stories | Correspondence | Stories | Grammars
Extent:9 folders, 2 boxes
Description: Materials relating to James M. Crawford's interest in and study of the Catawba language. Items include card-sized paper slips, Catawba-English and English-Catawba, with pencilled notes in Series V. Card Files. There are also nine Catawba folders in Series IV-D. Research Notes and Notebooks--Other. One stand-alone undated folder contains mostly handwritten notes, including a comparison of Catawba to Yuchi, notes on references to Catawbas in Barton (1798), bibliographic sources on Catawba language and lingustics, and English-Catawba Vocabularies. Other indigenous languages and groups mentioned include Chickasaw, Delaware, Choctaw, Cherokee, and Tuscarora. The other eight folders each contain one of Raven Ioor McDavid's Catawba research notebooks, recorded in 1941 and given to Crawford in 1970 (see letter in McDavid correspondence in Series I. Correspondence). The notebooks in Folders 1-5 and 7 seem to be fairly straightforward linguistic material, focusing on narrative and interrogative statements and related vocabulary, verb tenses, pronouns, stems, etc. The notebook in Folder 6 is similar, but also contains notes on loose-page pages, including about 20 pages of Catawba geneaological information over multiple generations. The most prominent family names include Blue, Harris, Cantey, Brown, George, Sanders, and Ayers; other family names mentioned include Beck, Starnes, Cobb, Mush, Scott, Lee, White, Wheelock, Garci, Allen, Helam, Wiley, Gordon, Crawford, Gaudy, Blankenship, Millins, Watts, and Johnson. The notebook in Folder 8 focuses on stories--many about old women, animals, and interactions between female and animal characters--given first in English and then in Catawba with interlineal translation.
Collection:James M. Crawford Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.66)
Culture:
Language:English
Date:1737-1751
Contributor:Bull, William, 1683-1755 | Gooch, William, Sir, 1681-1751 | Lee, Thomas, 1690-1750 | Logan, James, 1674-1751 | Penn, Thomas, 1702-1775 | Thomas, George, 1695?-1774 | Catawba chiefs | Weiser, Conrad, 1696-1760 | Glen, James, 1701-1777
Subject:Warfare | Diplomacy | Pennsylvania--History | South Carolina--History | United States--History--King George's War, 1744-1748 | Canada--History--To 1763 (New France)
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Instructions
Extent:19 items
Description: Correspondence between James Logan, other royal and propriety officials, and various Native groups regarding Native affairs. Topics include Catawba relations with Cherokees, Haudenosaunee, and other Native groups; Catawba relations with various colonies; efforts to preserve peace among Britain's Native allies; fears about effect of inter-Native warfare during King George's War; and efforts to arrange a peace treaty between the Catawbas and the Haudenosaunee. Individuals mentioned include Schermerhorn and Conrad Weiser.
Collection:Selections from the correspondence of the Honourable James Logan, 1699-1750 (Mss.B.L82)
Culture:
Date:1914-1947
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Dodge, Ernest S. (Ernest Stanley), 1913-1980
Subject:Ethnography | Anthropology | Land claims | Government relations | Rites and ceremonies | Land tenure | Religion | Politics and government
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Notebooks | Notes | Vocabularies
Extent:10 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Cayuga history, language, and culture. This includes Speck's correspondence with indigenous consultants such as Deskaheh and Alexander General (who became known as Deskaheh after the other's death in 1925) on topics such as museum specimens, games, religion, politics, land claims, stories, etc.; correspondence with other anthropologists such as Ernest Dodge about Cayuga war medicine [see also Speck and Dodge (1945)] and William N. Fenton concerning Cayuga winter rituals and suggestions for Speck's Cayuga manuscripts [see also Speck (1945b)]; and a notebook of Cayuga material containing ethnographic data and mentioning consultants John L. Buck, Mrs. John L. Buck, and Jerry Aaron as well as Deskaheh.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Culture:
Date:1920-1951
Contributor:Speck, Frank G. (Frank Gouldsmith), 1881-1950 | Broom, Leonard | West Long, Will, 1870-1947 | Herzog, George, 1901-1983 | Pardo, Juan, active 16th century | Witapanóxwe | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Hicks, Charles R. | Walser, Richard, 1908-1988
Subject:Ethnography | North Carolina--History | Anthropology | Dance | Music | Drama | Basketry | Material culture
Type:Text | Still Image
Genre:Correspondence | Notes | Drafts | Transcriptions | Essays | Stories
Extent:17 folders
Description: Materials relating to Speck's study of Cherokee history and culture. This includes 24 pages of correspondence with Cherokee collaborators like Will West Long and Allen W. Long; 47 pages of field notes; notes and drafts relating to the preparation of Speck's manuscript on Cherokee music, dance, and drama; correspondence with colleagues such as George Herzog and Leonard Broom on Cherokee music, dance, and drama; correspondence with Franz Boas concerning copying of his Catawba texts and the Cherokee field work of Frans Olbrechts; correspondence with Will West Long about museum specimens; a biographical sketch of Will West Long; a postcard to Marian Godfrey regarding Cherokee Museum specimens; a letter to E. B. Norvell regarding silver trade goods and European imitations sold by the Cherokee; a bibliography of Cherokee sources, Publication 68650, listing 48 items, 1775-1922, prepared by the Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs; a copy of a 1566-1567 letter (7 pages in English, with introduction by Speck) written by Juan Pardo relating early Spanish contact with the Cherokee; an account of the Cherokee and Delaware alliance given by Witapanóxwe (War Eagle and James Webber); a transcription of an 1818 letter written by Charles Hicks on the manners and customs of the Cherokees; correspondence about Cherokee basketry; correspondence regarding the accuracy of material in Robert Strange, Eoneguski, or the Cherokee Chief (1939); and 27 pages of miscellanous notes. Also includes 100+ photographs.
Collection:Frank G. Speck Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.126)
Language:English
Date:1757-1759
Contributor:Holland, Nathaniel | Shippen, Joseph, 1732-1810 | Stanwix, John, 1690?-1766 | Atkin, Edmond
Subject:Pennsylvania--History | United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763 | Seven Years' War, 1756-1763 | Warfare
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence
Extent:4 items
Description: Letters to Richard Peters, Governor Denny, and the Commissioners for Indian Affairs mentioning Cherokees. Topics include 150 Cherokees, a few Hambus and Delaware warriors at Ray's Town camp; a report of six Cherokee who saw French army on move; and information received from Job Chillway. Also a long letter from Edmond Atkin to George Croghan giving account of the state of the southern Indian tribes.
Collection:Indian and Military Affairs of Pennsylvania, 1737-1775 (Mss.974.8.P19)
Culture:
Date:1783-1817
Contributor:Barton, Benjamin Smith, 1766-1815 | McAtee, William L.
Subject:Botany | Health | Linguistics | Religion | Rites and ceremonies | Zoology
Type:Text
Genre:Correspondence | Vocabularies
Extent:107 pages
Description: These letters authored by Benjamin Barton Smith to various correspondents discuss Indian vocabulary words for birds, earthquakes, and animals of their domestic economy. Smith solicits information about Indian beliefs about health, nursing, menstration, animal sacrifice, Indian Bible, origins of Indian tribes, white race, Orthography and spelling, chief's political power, and comparative linguistic analysis between Indian and Asiatic languages.
Collection:Violetta Delafield-Benjamin Smith Barton Collection (Mss.B.B284d)
Culture:
Odawa includes: Ottawa
Miami includes: Myaamiaki
Lenape includes: Lenni-Lenape, Delaware
Haudenosaunee includes: Iroquois, Onkwehonwe
Language:English
Date:circa 1730-1990, bulk 1947-1956
Contributor:Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Becker, Marshall Joseph | Witthoft, John | Hunter, William A. (William Albert), 1908- | Weslager, C. A. (Clinton Alfred), 1909-1994
Subject:Religion | Social life and customs | Rites and ceremonies | Land tenure | Land claims | United States. Indian Claims Commission | Anthropology | Pennsylvania--History | Ethnography | Personality | Psychology | Government relations | Politics and government | Ohio--History
Type:Text
Genre:Notes | Essays | Drafts | Essays | Correspondence | Legal documents
Extent:44 folders, 1 box
Description: The Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers are a vast collection of materials relating to Wallace's work at the intersection of anthropology, psychology, and history. Though further research might yield more results, approximately 44 folders and one box of materials directly pertaining to the Delaware (also known as Lenape and Munsee) have been identified. Most of these items pertain to Wallace's personal research interest in the Delaware--beginning during his graduate studies, which led to the publication of "King of the Delawares: Teedyuscung, Delaware chief, 1700-1763" (1949), a psychoanalytic ethnohistory based on his masters thesis--and to his work as an expert witness for Native American land claims in the 1950s. There is one box containing research notecards on primary and secondary sources in Series III. Notecards. There are eight folders of notes, drafts, and other materials on Teedyscung, religion and revitalization, women, land, political organization, and other topics in Series IV. Works by Wallace A. Professional. There are two folders on "The Forbidden Path: Teedyuscung's Embassy to the Western Indians in 1760" by William A. Hunter and John Witthoft in Series V. Works by Others. Series IX. Indian Claims contains dockets, articles, notes, tribal histories, reports, etc., relating to Wallace's work as an expert witness for Delaware land claims (and the related land claims of other groups, such as the "Ohio Tribes" and the Haudenosaunee). There are also two folders of materials on the Lenape by Wallace's student Marshall Joseph Becker in Series II. Research Notes and Drafts B. Revitalization and Culture, as well as a folder of correspondence with Becker in Series I. Correspondence. Other relevant correspondence files include those of the American National Biography, Carl Bridenbaugh, Dwight Lewis Chamberlain, Loren C. Eiseley, the Eleutherian Mills--Hagley Foundation, Herbert Goltz, Jennifer King Hodges, William A. Hunter, Ruthe Blalock Jones, Mrs. Samuel P. Kelly, Harry B. Kelsey, Jean Laub, Franklin O. Loveland, Joan Lowe, Arthur Meyes, Russell Moses, Elizabeth Pilant, Claude E. Schaefer, Frank Speck, John Tabor, University of Pennsylvania Press, C. A. Weslager, and David Wyubeek. Finally, there is a folder of material on the history of the Munsee Recitation Festival (from originals in the Buffalo Historical Society and attributed to a Delaware resident of the Six Nations reserve in Canada, Albert Shequaqknind Anthony) in Series II. Research Notes and Drafts A. Indian Research. Note that there is also considerable Delaware material filed under "Ohio Tribes," particularly in land claims cases, and researchers should view the Ohio entry as well. See the finding aid for a detailed discussion of Wallace's long and varied career, and for an itemized list of the collection's contents.
Collection:Anthony F. C. Wallace Papers (Mss.Ms.Coll.64a)